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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 971 COCA: 1015
surface
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noun /ˈsɜː(r)fɪs/
singularsurface
pluralsurfaces
  1. 1
    [C] the top layer or outside part of something （某物的）面，表面

    Wipe the surface with a damp cloth. 用湿布把表面擦干净。

    a smooth/rough/hard surface 光滑的/粗糙的/坚硬的表面

    Road surfaces are slippery from the icy rain. 由于雨水结冰，路面很滑。

     Synonyms and related words
    Layers and coverings: surface, cover, layer...
    1. a.
      the top layer of water or land 水面；地面

      the surface of Mars 火星表面

      We saw fish swimming just under the surface of the water. 我们可以看到鱼就在水面下游动。

      A farmer was spreading fertilizer over the surface of the soil. 一位农夫在给田地表层施肥。

       Synonyms and related words
      The outer parts of objects or spaces: apex, back, back end...
  2. 2
    [C] a flat area of a desk, table etc that you use for working on （平整的）面，桌面

    Papers and books covered the surface of the desk. 桌面上堆满了文件和书本。

    All surfaces in the kitchen should be carefully cleaned. 厨房的一切表面都要仔细清理。

     Synonyms and related words
    The outer parts of objects or spaces: apex, back, back end...
    1. a.
      a flat area used for playing sports, or the material used for making this area 运动场地；运动场地面铺设材料

      Many tennis players dislike the grass surface at Wimbledon. 许多网球运动员都不喜欢温布尔登的草皮网球场地。

      His favourite surface is clay. 他最喜欢黏土面的运动场地。

       Synonyms and related words
      Sports fields and parts of sports fields: all-seater, the area, AstroTurf...
  3. 3
    [singular] the way that someone or something looks or seems while their true feeling or character remains hidden （某人或某事物的）表面，外表，外观

    Underneath his cool surface was a growing sense of insecurity. 他冷静的外表下掩盖的是一种日益强烈的不安全感。

    on the surface :

    On the surface, they looked like a happily married couple. 他们表面上看起来像是一对恩爱夫妻。

    beneath the surface :

    Hostility lies beneath the surface of calm in the region. 该地区表面风平浪静，实际上处于敌对状态。

     Synonyms and related words
    General words for appearances: optics, appearance, look...
    1. a.
      the aspect of someone's inner feeling that they show in their behaviour or appearance （内在情感的）显露，表现

      He could feel his frustration and rage rising to the surface. 他可以感觉到自己的沮丧和愤怒正在显露出来。

       Synonyms and related words
      Parts of a person's character: a chink in someone's armour, affectation, alter ego...
  4. 4
    [C] maths one of the sides of an object （物体的）一个面

    A cube has six surfaces. 立方体有6个面。

     Synonyms and related words
    The outer parts of objects or spaces: apex, back, back end...
     Synonyms and related words
    Lines and flat surfaces: arc, axis, chord...
surface
verb /ˈsɜː(r)fɪs/
present tense
I/you/we/theysurface
he/she/itsurfaces
present participlesurfacing
past tensesurfaced
past participlesurfaced
  1. 1
    [I] to become known or obvious after being hidden 浮现；显现；显露

    In the aftermath of the trial, charges of corruption have begun to surface. 这场审讯的后果就是对腐败的指控已开始出现。

    New information about the murder is slowly surfacing. 有关这起谋杀的新线索正在慢慢浮现出来。

     Synonyms and related words
    To be, or to become known: come out, get around, leak out...
    1. a.
      to appear after being lost or hidden （失踪或隐藏后）出现

      After being missing for two months, the girl surfaced in Northumberland. 失踪两个月后，这个女孩在诺森伯兰郡露面了。

       Synonyms and related words
      To appear and appearance: appear, resurface, emerge...
  2. 2
    [I] to rise up to, or to appear at, the surface of water 浮出水面

    The divers were forced to surface after their equipment was damaged. 潜水员在潜水设备受损后被迫浮出水面。

     Synonyms and related words
    To move, or to move something upwards: lift, raise, rise...
  3. 3
    [I] British humorous to get out of bed, especially after sleeping for a long time （尤指长睡后）起床

    Don't expect Jennifer to surface before noon. 别指望珍妮弗会在中午前起床。

     Synonyms and related words
    Going to bed, getting up and staying in bed: abed, an early/late night, an early/late riser...
  4. 4
    [T] to put a surface on a road, especially to make it smoother 给（路）铺路面
     Synonyms and related words
    Road surfaces and features: asphalt, bitumen, blacktop...
  5. 5
    [T] to make something clear or visible so that people can see it or use it

    ITG will help you surface the hidden costs that are eating away at your profits.

    Senators use outside advisory groups to surface the names of potential nominees for a judgeship.

     Synonyms and related words
    To make something more obvious or noticeable: emphasize, underline, highlight...
surface
adjective [only before noun] /ˈsɜː(r)fɪs/
  1. 1
    affecting, existing on, or used on a surface 表面的

    The boating accident caused only surface damage. 这次划船事故仅导致了船体表面的破损。

    a rough surface texture 表面粗糙的纺织品

    the surface temperature of the lake 湖水的表面温度

     Synonyms and related words
    The outer parts of objects or spaces: apex, back, back end...
  2. 2
    a surface quality seems to exist in someone or something, but in fact it hides deeper or more real feelings or conditions 表面上的；外表上的；外观上的

    A surface calm settled over the troubled city. 一种表面上的平静笼罩着这座混乱的城市。

     Synonyms and related words
    Not definite or based on fact: apparently, supposed, alleged...
  3. 3
    travelling on the surface of land or water, rather than through the air （交通）水陆路的（有别于空中的）

    surface transport/mail 水陆交通/水陆路邮件

     Synonyms and related words
    Relating to or describing vehicles and transportation: flex-fuel, motor, vehicular...
     Synonyms and related words
    Relating to or describing ships and boats: nautical, maritime, marine...
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 971 COCA: 1015
surface

noun

ADJECTIVE | VERB + SURFACE | SURFACE + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤even, flat, level, smooth平坦的表面；水平的表面；光滑的表面▸➤rough, uneven粗糙的／凹凸不平的表面▸➤curved彎曲的表面▸➤firm, hard, solid堅硬的／硬實的／結實的表面▸➤soft柔軟的表面▸➤slippery滑溜溜的表面▸➤calm, glassy, polished, reflective, shiny平靜的／光亮的／拋光的／反光的／閃光的表面◇the glassy surface of the lake光亮如鏡的湖面➤frozen結冰的表面◇The ball rolled onto the frozen surface of the pond.球滾到了池塘的冰面上。➤inner, interior, internal內表面◇the inner surface of a bone骨頭的內壁➤exterior, external, outer外表面▸➤lower, upper下表面；上表面▸➤water水面▸➤floor, ground, land, ocean, road, rock, sea, wall地板表面；地面；陸地表面；洋面；路面；岩石表面；海面；牆面▸➤kitchen, work, working廚房枱面；工作枱◇a cleaning product for all kitchen surfaces各種廚房枱面的清潔產品VERB + SURFACE➤come to, come up to, reach, rise to顯露；升上表面；到達表面➤hit到達表面▸➤bring sth to使⋯來到表面◇The captain brought the submarine to the surface.艇長使潛水艇升到水面上。➤coat, cover覆蓋／蓋住表面➤break, penetrate打破／穿透表面➤smooth使表面光滑◇Smooth the surface with a spatula.用抹刀把表面抹平。➤scratch, skim, touch (all figurative) 淺嘗輒止；隔靴搔癢◇The investigation barely scratched the surface of the city's drug problem.這次調查只是觸及了該城市毒品問題的表面。SURFACE + NOUN➤area表面面積▸➤level表面層▸➤layer表層◇the surface layer of the skin皮膚的表層➤temperature, tension表面溫度／張力▸➤water地表水◇Surface water made driving conditions hazardous.路面積水對行車安全構成隱患。PREPOSITION➤above the surface, on a/the surface, over the surface在表面上方；在表面上；表面上看◇A trail of flowers floated on the surface of the water.一串花漂浮在水面。◇The breeze created a slight ripple on the surface of the pond.微風讓池塘的水面泛起漣漪。◇On the surface his words were funny, but I detected a lot of anger behind them. (figurative) 他的話表面上好笑，但我覺察出這些話背後隱藏着一肚子怨氣。➤below the surface, beneath the surface, under the surface在表面以下；實際上◇The ring slowly sank beneath the surface of the mud pool.戒指慢慢沉入了泥潭。◇She gives the impression of being rather conventional, but under the surface she is wildly eccentric. (figurative) 她給人印象很傳統，實際上卻是個極不尋常的人。➤across the surface, along the surface橫穿表面；沿着表面➤in the surface在表層◇Cracks began to appear in the surface of the earth.地球表面開始出現裂縫。PHRASES➤the Earth's surface, the surface of the Earth地球表面◇Visible light from the sun passes through the atmosphere to the Earth's surface.太陽發出的可見光穿過大氣層照到地球表面。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 971 COCA: 1015
surface verb
⇨ emerge

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