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BNC: 3031 COCA: 3110
punishment
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noun /ˈpʌnɪʃmənt/
singularpunishment
pluralpunishments
  1. 1
    [C] a way in which someone is punished 处罚方式；惩处手段

    He had to clean up the mess as a punishment. 作为处罚，他只好把那些乱七八糟的东西打扫干净。

    punishment for :

    A 1994 law increased punishments for overloaded trucks. 1994年的一条法规加大了对超载车辆的处罚力度。

     Synonyms and related words
    General words for punishment: punishment, retribution, lesson...
  2. 2
    [U] the process of punishing someone, or of being punished 惩罚；处罚

    He has cheated people and escaped punishment. 他欺骗了人们，而且逃过了惩罚。

     Synonyms and related words
    General words for punishment: punishment, retribution, lesson...
  3. 3
    [U] rough treatment that a person or thing suffers 粗暴的待遇；苦头

    A hire car has to take a lot of punishment. 租来的一辆车带来了诸多苦头。

     Synonyms and related words
    Describing ways of treating people: abusive, brotherly, conveyor belt...
BNC: 3031 COCA: 3110
punishment

noun

ADJECTIVE | VERB + PUNISHMENT | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤cruel, harsh, heavy, severe殘酷的懲罰；嚴厲的懲罰▸➤unusual異乎尋常的懲罰◇the constitutional prohibition on cruel and unusual punishment憲法對殘酷與異常懲罰手段的禁止➤appropriate, fitting適當的處罰▸➤capital死刑▸➤corporal, physical體罰▸➤collective集體懲罰VERB + PUNISHMENT➤administer, dish out (informal) , dole out (informal) , hand out, impose, inflict, mete out施加懲罰；給予懲罰◇It is unlawful for a teacher to inflict corporal punishment on students.教師對學生進行體罰是違法的。◇Harsh punishment is expected to be meted out to the murderer.人們期望對兇手予以嚴懲。➤face, receive, suffer面對／受到／遭受懲罰▸➤accept, take接受懲罰◇Take your punishment like a man.像男子漢那樣接受對你的懲罰。➤avoid, escape逃避懲罰▸➤deserve應受懲罰PREPOSITION➤as punishment (for)作為（對⋯的）懲罰◇He had his privileges withdrawn as punishment for fighting with another prisoner.作為對與另一名犯人打架的懲罰，他被取消了特別待遇。➤punishment for因⋯的處罰◇Punishments for killing the king's deer were severe.殺害國王的鹿將受到嚴厲懲罰。PHRASES➤crime and punishment犯罪與刑法◇the sociology of crime and punishment犯罪與刑法社會學➤the punishment fits the crime與罪行相稱的懲罰◇The victim's family do not believe that this punishment fits the crime.受害者的家人認為這一懲罰與他所犯的罪行不相稱。➤reward and punishment獎勵與處罰◇They use a system of reward and punishment to discipline their children.他們用一套獎懲制度來管教孩子。
BNC: 3031 COCA: 3110
punishment

noun

punishment ♦︎ sentence ♦︎ penalty ♦︎ retribution ♦︎ reckoningThese are all words for a way of making sb suffer because they have done sth wrong or illegal. 这些词均表示惩罚、刑罚。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆punishment / a sentence / a penalty / retribution for sth◆a / an heavy / harsh / severe / appropriate punishment / sentence / penalty◆a light punishment / sentence◆to impose a punishment / sentence / penalty◆to suffer a punishment / penalty■ punishment [uncountable, countable] an act or way of making sb suffer because they have done sth wrong or illegal 惩罚；处罚；刑罚◆The punishment should fit the crime.罚须当罪。◆He was sent to his room as a punishment.他被罚回到自己的房间。◆There is little evidence that harsher punishments deter people.甚少证据显示严惩能遏止犯罪。OPP reward ⇨ award ■ sentence [countable, uncountable] the punishment given by a court 判决；裁定；判刑◆a jail / prison sentence判处监禁◆She was given a life sentence (= sent to prison for life).她被判处无期徒刑。◆a death sentence死刑◆to be under sentence of death被判处死刑◆The judge passed sentence (= said what the punishment would be).法官宣布了判决。◆The prisoner has served (= completed) his sentence and will be released tomorrow.犯人服刑期满，明天将获释。■ penalty ˈpenəlti [countable] (rather formal) an official punishment given to sb because they have broken a law, rule or contract 惩罚；处罚；刑罚◆Assault carries a maximum penalty of seven years' imprisonment.侵犯人身罪可判处最高七年的监禁。◆Contractors who fall behind schedule incur heavy financial penalties.承包商如延误工期将招致巨额罚款。◆You can withdraw money from the account at any time without penalty.您可以随时从账户中提款，不收罚金。OPP reward ⇨ award ■ retribution ˌretrɪˈbjuːʃn [uncountable] (formal) severe punishment for sth seriously wrong that sb has done 严惩；惩罚；报应◆He saw his suffering as retribution for the sins of his past life.他把自己受的苦看作是报应，是因过去罪孽深重而受到惩罚。◆The public demanded swift justice and retribution.公众要求立即审判并处以严惩。ⓘ Retribution includes the idea that punishment should mean that sb suffers in return for the suffering they have caused. People talk about retribution as part of a formal or legal system, or as carried out by groups or individuals, or (in the phrase divine retribution) by God. * retribution含有“报应”之义。retribution可以是正式或法律体系的一部分，也可以是由团体或个人实施的惩罚，还可以是divine retribution（天谴）。  ➡ See also the entry for revenge 另见revenge条■ reckoning [countable, usually singular, uncountable] (written) a time when sb's actions will be judged to be right or wrong and they may be punished 最后审判日；算总账◆In the final reckoning truth is rewarded.在最后算总账的时候，诚实的人会有好报。◆Officials concerned with environmental policy predict that a day of reckoning will come.关心环境政策的官员们预言总有一天人们会得到报应。

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