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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1115 COCA: 1223
scale
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★
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noun /skeɪl/
singularscale
pluralscales
  1. 1
    [singular/uncountable] the size of something, especially when it is big （尤指大的事物的）大小，规模
    scale of :

    Is the Government aware of the full scale of the problem? 政府意识到了问题的严重程度吗？

    on a large/small/grand/massive etc scale :

    This is sculpture on a grand scale. 这是一件规模宏大的雕塑作品。

     Synonyms and related words
    Large size: size, scale, bulk...
     Synonyms and related words
    General words for size: size, measurement, magnitude...
    1. a.
      the rate at which something is produced, developed etc 规模
      scale of :

      The scale of production in the factory has increased this year. 工厂的生产规模今年有所扩大。

       Synonyms and related words
      General words for numbers, amounts and quantities: accumulation, allocation, allowance...
    See also economies of scale
  2. 2
    [C] [usually singular] a set of people or things arranged in order from the highest level to the lowest or from the lowest level to the highest （人或物的）等级，级别

    The rich are at the top of the social scale. 富人位于社会等级的上层。

    At the other end of the scale are worms and the tiny sea creatures. 这个等级范围的另一端是虫子和微小的海洋生物。

     Synonyms and related words
    People and things arranged in a particular way: chain, circle, formation...
    1. a.
      a range of measurements in a particular system （某一体系中的计量）级别，尺度

      the Celsius scale of temperature 摄氏温度系统

      on a scale of 1 to 10 :

      We were told to rate the films on a scale of 1 to 10. 我们被要求以1至10的等级来给电影定级。

       Synonyms and related words
      Describing or relating to units of measurement: absolute, calibration, exa-...
    2. b.
      a list showing the amount of money that someone should be paid for a particular job, according to their qualifications, experience etc 工资等级表
      salary/pay/fee scale :

      The salary scale is £22,086 to £32,311. 工资等级从22,086英镑至32,311英镑不等。

       Synonyms and related words
      Wages and salaries: wage, salary, pay...
    3. c.
      a set of marks, usually lines and numbers, on a piece of equipment or a drawing, used for measuring something 刻度；标尺

      the vertical scale on the graph 图表中的纵坐标

       Synonyms and related words
      Describing or relating to units of measurement: absolute, calibration, exa-...
  3. 3
    [C/U] the relationship between the actual distance or size of something and how it is shown on a map or in a drawing or model （地图、图样或模型的）图例，比例（尺），比率

    This map has a scale of 1:20,000. 这张地图的比例尺是1∶20,000。

    a scale of a half-inch to the mile 半英寸相当于一英里的比例

     Synonyms and related words
    Maps, using maps and map making: atlas, A to Z, boundary...
  4. 4

    scales

    [plural] a piece of equipment used for weighing people or things 秤；天平

    a pair/set of scales 一架/一组天平

    He weighed himself on the bathroom scales. 他在浴室磅秤上称了称自己的体重。

     Synonyms and related words
    Machines and equipment with a specific use: 3-D printing, air pump, cement mixer...
    See also tip
  5. 5
    [C] music a series of musical notes in a fixed order from the lowest to the highest or the highest to the lowest 音阶

    She was practising scales on her new piano. 她在她的新钢琴上做音阶练习。

     Synonyms and related words
    Notes in the musical scale: A, b, bass...
  6. 6
    [U] a hard white substance that forms on the inside of water pipes and containers that are regularly used for heating water 水锈；水垢
     Synonyms and related words
    Products of chemical reactions and processes: crystal, dioxin, distillate...
    1. a.
      tartar that forms on your teeth
       Synonyms and related words
      Dentistry: amalgam, brace, bridge...
  7. 7
    [C] [usually plural] one of the small hard flat pieces of skin on the body of a fish, snake, or similar animal （鱼类、蛇类动物的）鳞，鳞片，甲鳞
     Synonyms and related words
    Parts of fish: fin, gill, mandible...
scale
verb [T] /skeɪl/
present tense
I/you/we/theyscale
he/she/itscales
present participlescaling
past tensescaled
past participlescaled
  1. 1
    to climb to or over the top of a high steep object such as a mountain or a wall 攀越；爬越

    Student protesters scaled an 8-foot fence to enter the Embassy grounds. 学生抗议者爬过8英尺高的围墙进入大使馆的庭院。

     Synonyms and related words
    Mountaineering, rock climbing and caving: abseil, abseiling, ascend...
  2. 2
    to remove scales from fish 刮去（鱼鳞）
     Synonyms and related words
    Prepare food for cooking or eating: bake, beat, blanch...
    1. a.
      to remove scale from teeth 剔除（牙垢）
       Synonyms and related words
      Dentistry: amalgam, brace, bridge...
  3. From our crowdsourced Open Dictionary
    3
    if a business scales, it gets a lot bigger very quickly

    When your company scales that quickly it's hard.

    Submitted from United Kingdom on 29/06/2017
     

phrasal verbs

TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1115 COCA: 1223
scale

noun¹

 1size/extent大小；程度ADJECTIVE | VERB + SCALE | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤full全景◇It was several days before the full scale of the accident became clear.事故的全部情況直到幾天以後才搞清楚。➤big, considerable, epic, grand, greater, huge, large, mass, massive, monumental, vast, wide大規模；相當大的規模；宏大的規模；更大的範圍；巨大的規模；範圍廣▸➤modest, small不太大的規模；小規模▸➤sheer巨大的規模◇It is difficult to comprehend the sheer scale of the suffering caused by the war.人們很難理解戰爭造成的苦難有多嚴重。➤unprecedented空前的規模◇a misuse of presidential power on an unprecedented scale總統權力程度空前的濫用➤ambitious, lavish雄心勃勃的規模；無節制的程度◇Do they always entertain on such a lavish scale?他們經常這樣大擺宴席嗎？➤global, international, local, national, regional, world全球／國際／地方／全國／地區／世界範圍▸➤commercial商業化規模◇The dolls are now produced on a commercial scale.這種玩具娃娃現已投入規模化生產。➤human人性化尺度◇The final building is realized on a human scale.最終建成的大樓實現了建築設計的人性化。◇The city would operate on a more human scale if cars were banned from the old town.如果禁止車輛進入市中心，這座城市的運行將更加人性化。VERB + SCALE➤expand, increase擴大／增加規模◇They plan to expand the scale and scope of their operations.他們打算擴大經營規模和範圍。➤reduce減小規模➤match與⋯規模匹配➤assess, determine評估／確定規模◇We need to determine the scale of the problem.我們需要確定問題的嚴重程度。➤reveal, show顯示／展示規模➤appreciate, comprehend, realize意識到／理解／認識規模➤underestimate低估規模PREPOSITION➤scale of⋯的規模◇the scale of the disaster / destruction / problem災情／破壞／問題的規模◇the scale of the project / task項目／任務的規模➤in scale尺寸上◇The paintings are small in scale.這些畫尺幅較小。➤on a scale以⋯的規模◇pollution on a massive scale大範圍的污染PHRASES➤an economy of scale規模經濟◇Economies of scale enable the larger companies to lower their prices.規模經濟使得大公司可以降低產品價格。➤given the scale of鑒於⋯的規模◇Given the scale of the changes, it is essential that all managers familiarize themselves with the details.考慮到變動幅度之大，每一位主管都有必要熟悉這些細節。
scale

noun²

 2range of values數值範圍ADJECTIVE | VERB + SCALE | SCALE + VERB | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤fixed固定的等級▸➤sliding浮動計算◇Benefits are paid on a sliding scale according to family income.補助金的發放根據家庭收入而定，數額不等。➤five-point, six-point, etc. * 5 分、6 分等的等級▸➤rating等級尺度◇Patients were asked to state their level of anxiety on a 10-point rating scale.患者被要求用十分制打分標準給出各自焦慮程度的分值。➤time時間尺度◇Can you give me any sort of time scale for the completion of the building work?你能不能告訴我這個建築工程的完工進度？➤evolutionary, social進化／社會等級▸➤pay, salary, wage (especially BrE) 工資等級；薪金級別◇The company has a five-point pay scale.這家公司劃分了 5 個工資等級。➤Beaufort, Richter, etc.蒲福風級、里氏震級等◇The earthquake measured 6.4 on the Richter scale.地震強度為里氏 6.4 級。VERB + SCALE➤use用等級➤construct, develop創建／開發級別▸➤go up, move up, rise up級別上升；升級◇He has risen up the social scale from rather humble beginnings.他從地位卑微的無名小卒開始打拚，獲得了現今的社會地位。➤go down, move down級別下降；降級SCALE + VERB➤go from... to..., range from... to...等級從⋯到⋯◇a scale ranging from 'utterly miserable' to 'deliriously happy'從“悲慘之至”到“快樂如痴”的不同程度➤be based on級別基於⋯◇a sliding scale based on income按收入浮動的級別PREPOSITION➤on a/the scale在等級中◇Where do birds come on the evolutionary scale?在演化等級中，鳥類處於什麼位置？➤scale of... to...從⋯到⋯的等級◇On a scale of 1 to 10, he scores 7.按從 1 到 10 的計分標準評定，他得到 7 分。PHRASES➤the bottom of the scale, the end of the scale, the top of the scale最低級別；最高級別◇After ten years, she had worked her way to the top of the pay scale.10 年後，她已拿到了最高級別的薪水。
scale

noun³

 3relation between actual size and size of a map, etc.地圖比例VERB + SCALE | SCALE + NOUN | PREPOSITION VERB + SCALE➤draw sth to按比例把⋯畫出▸➤have有比例SCALE + NOUN➤drawing, model按比例畫的圖／製作的模型◇He's made a scale model of the Eiffel Tower.他按比例做了一個埃菲爾鐵塔模型。PREPOSITION➤to scale按比例◇The plan of the building is not drawn to scale.大樓的平面圖畫得不合比例。➤scale of... to...⋯比⋯的比例◇The map has a scale of one inch to the mile.這幅地圖的比例是 1 英寸代表 1 英里。◇a scale of 1 : 25 0001:25,000 的比例
scale

noun⁴

 4in music音樂ADJECTIVE | VERB + SCALE | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤major, minor大調／小調音階VERB + SCALE➤play, sing練習彈琴指法；練聲▸➤practise/practice練習音階◇We could hear her practising / practicing her scales.我們可以聽到她在做音階試唱。PREPOSITION➤scale of⋯調音階◇the scale of C majorC 大調音階
scale

noun⁵

 5on a fish, etc.魚ADJECTIVE | VERB + SCALE ADJECTIVE➤overlapping交叠的鱗片▸➤fine, thin細密的／細薄的鱗片▸➤armoured/armored甲鱗▸➤fish魚鱗VERB + SCALE➤be covered in, be covered with覆蓋着鱗片
scale

noun⁶

 6 (NAmE) machine for weighing天平  ➡ see scales
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1115 COCA: 1223
scale noun
⇨ scale (on a scale of one to ten) ⇨ level (the full scale of the disaster) ⇨ ratio (draw sth to scale)scale verb
⇨ climb scale

noun

scale ♦︎ hierarchy ♦︎ ladder ♦︎ line ♦︎ the rankings ♦︎ pecking orderThese are all words for a range of levels that increase in size, importance, price, etc. 这些词均表示等级、级别、排名。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆in the hierarchy / rankings / pecking order◆on a / the scale / ladder◆up / down the ladder / line / pecking order◆the social scale / hierachy / ladder◆to move up the scale / hierarchy / ladder / rankings / pecking order◆to be at the top / bottom of the scale / hierarchy / ladder / rankings / pecking order◆high / higher / low / lower in the hierarchy / rankings / pecking order◆sb's / sth's position / place in the hierarchy / rankings / pecking order■ scale [countable] a range of levels or numbers used for measuring sth; the set of all the different levels of sth, from the lowest to the highest 等级；级别；等级体系◆a salary / pay scale薪水／工资等级◆Please see the attached sheet for our scale of fees.我们的分级收费标准请参见附页。◆Benefits are paid on a sliding scale (= the amount you get might change), according to your income.福利费是根据收入的高低按浮动费率制发放的。◆How would you judge our service on a scale of one to ten (= one being the lowest mark and ten being the highest)?按一到十级，您如何评价我们的服务？◆Farm workers were always considered to be low down on the social scale.农场工人总被认为处于社会等级的底层。■ hierarchy ˈhaɪərɑːki; NAmE ˈhaɪərɑːrki [countable, uncountable] a system, especially in a society or organization, in which people are organized into different levels of importance from the highest to the lowest （尤指社会或组织的）等级制度◆She's fairly high up in the management hierarchy.她位居管理层要职。◆At the bottom of the corporate hierarchy are part-time low-paid workers.低薪兼职员工处于公司的最底层。■ ladder [countable, usually singular] a series of stages by which you can make progress, especially in a career or organization （尤指事业或机构中晋升的）阶梯，途径◆How quickly you move up the career ladder depends largely on your level of commitment.你在事业阶梯上晋升的快慢主要取决于你对工作的投入程度。◆She was not interested in climbing the corporate ladder.她无意在公司里往上爬。■ line [countable, usually singular] a series of people in order of importance 一系列按重要性排列的人◆Who do you think is next in line for promotion?你认为谁会是下一个获得晋升的人？◆He is second in line to the throne.他是王位的第二继承人。◆Orders are usually passed down through the line of command.指令通常按职级逐层下达。■ the rankings [plural] an official list showing the best players in a particular sport in order of how successful they are （某项体育运动的）最佳运动员排名表◆He is currently 16th in the world rankings.目前他的世界排名是第16位。◆The team has worked its way slowly up the rankings.这个队的排名一直在缓慢上升。■ ˈpecking order [countable, usually singular] (informal)

idiom

the order of importance of sb/sth in relation to the others in a group 等级排序◆Dogs high up in the pecking order are often the most aggressive.在等级排序中靠前的狗通常都最具攻击性。◆They insist there is no pecking order within the team.他们坚称队内没有等级排序。

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