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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 971 COCA: 1015
surface
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noun /ˈsɜː(r)fɪs/
singularsurface
pluralsurfaces
  1. 1
    [C] the top layer or outside part of something （某物的）面，表面

    Wipe the surface with a damp cloth. 用湿布把表面擦干净。

    a smooth/rough/hard surface 光滑的/粗糙的/坚硬的表面

    Road surfaces are slippery from the icy rain. 由于雨水结冰，路面很滑。

     Synonyms and related words
    Layers and coverings: surface, cover, layer...
    1. a.
      the top layer of water or land 水面；地面

      the surface of Mars 火星表面

      We saw fish swimming just under the surface of the water. 我们可以看到鱼就在水面下游动。

      A farmer was spreading fertilizer over the surface of the soil. 一位农夫在给田地表层施肥。

       Synonyms and related words
      The outer parts of objects or spaces: apex, back, back end...
  2. 2
    [C] a flat area of a desk, table etc that you use for working on （平整的）面，桌面

    Papers and books covered the surface of the desk. 桌面上堆满了文件和书本。

    All surfaces in the kitchen should be carefully cleaned. 厨房的一切表面都要仔细清理。

     Synonyms and related words
    The outer parts of objects or spaces: apex, back, back end...
    1. a.
      a flat area used for playing sports, or the material used for making this area 运动场地；运动场地面铺设材料

      Many tennis players dislike the grass surface at Wimbledon. 许多网球运动员都不喜欢温布尔登的草皮网球场地。

      His favourite surface is clay. 他最喜欢黏土面的运动场地。

       Synonyms and related words
      Sports fields and parts of sports fields: all-seater, the area, AstroTurf...
  3. 3
    [singular] the way that someone or something looks or seems while their true feeling or character remains hidden （某人或某事物的）表面，外表，外观

    Underneath his cool surface was a growing sense of insecurity. 他冷静的外表下掩盖的是一种日益强烈的不安全感。

    on the surface :

    On the surface, they looked like a happily married couple. 他们表面上看起来像是一对恩爱夫妻。

    beneath the surface :

    Hostility lies beneath the surface of calm in the region. 该地区表面风平浪静，实际上处于敌对状态。

     Synonyms and related words
    General words for appearances: optics, appearance, look...
    1. a.
      the aspect of someone's inner feeling that they show in their behaviour or appearance （内在情感的）显露，表现

      He could feel his frustration and rage rising to the surface. 他可以感觉到自己的沮丧和愤怒正在显露出来。

       Synonyms and related words
      Parts of a person's character: a chink in someone's armour, affectation, alter ego...
  4. 4
    [C] maths one of the sides of an object （物体的）一个面

    A cube has six surfaces. 立方体有6个面。

     Synonyms and related words
    The outer parts of objects or spaces: apex, back, back end...
     Synonyms and related words
    Lines and flat surfaces: arc, axis, chord...
surface
verb /ˈsɜː(r)fɪs/
present tense
I/you/we/theysurface
he/she/itsurfaces
present participlesurfacing
past tensesurfaced
past participlesurfaced
  1. 1
    [I] to become known or obvious after being hidden 浮现；显现；显露

    In the aftermath of the trial, charges of corruption have begun to surface. 这场审讯的后果就是对腐败的指控已开始出现。

    New information about the murder is slowly surfacing. 有关这起谋杀的新线索正在慢慢浮现出来。

     Synonyms and related words
    To be, or to become known: come out, get around, leak out...
    1. a.
      to appear after being lost or hidden （失踪或隐藏后）出现

      After being missing for two months, the girl surfaced in Northumberland. 失踪两个月后，这个女孩在诺森伯兰郡露面了。

       Synonyms and related words
      To appear and appearance: appear, resurface, emerge...
  2. 2
    [I] to rise up to, or to appear at, the surface of water 浮出水面

    The divers were forced to surface after their equipment was damaged. 潜水员在潜水设备受损后被迫浮出水面。

     Synonyms and related words
    To move, or to move something upwards: lift, raise, rise...
  3. 3
    [I] British humorous to get out of bed, especially after sleeping for a long time （尤指长睡后）起床

    Don't expect Jennifer to surface before noon. 别指望珍妮弗会在中午前起床。

     Synonyms and related words
    Going to bed, getting up and staying in bed: abed, an early/late night, an early/late riser...
  4. 4
    [T] to put a surface on a road, especially to make it smoother 给（路）铺路面
     Synonyms and related words
    Road surfaces and features: asphalt, bitumen, blacktop...
  5. 5
    [T] to make something clear or visible so that people can see it or use it

    ITG will help you surface the hidden costs that are eating away at your profits.

    Senators use outside advisory groups to surface the names of potential nominees for a judgeship.

     Synonyms and related words
    To make something more obvious or noticeable: emphasize, underline, highlight...
surface
adjective [only before noun] /ˈsɜː(r)fɪs/
  1. 1
    affecting, existing on, or used on a surface 表面的

    The boating accident caused only surface damage. 这次划船事故仅导致了船体表面的破损。

    a rough surface texture 表面粗糙的纺织品

    the surface temperature of the lake 湖水的表面温度

     Synonyms and related words
    The outer parts of objects or spaces: apex, back, back end...
  2. 2
    a surface quality seems to exist in someone or something, but in fact it hides deeper or more real feelings or conditions 表面上的；外表上的；外观上的

    A surface calm settled over the troubled city. 一种表面上的平静笼罩着这座混乱的城市。

     Synonyms and related words
    Not definite or based on fact: apparently, supposed, alleged...
  3. 3
    travelling on the surface of land or water, rather than through the air （交通）水陆路的（有别于空中的）

    surface transport/mail 水陆交通/水陆路邮件

     Synonyms and related words
    Relating to or describing vehicles and transportation: flex-fuel, motor, vehicular...
     Synonyms and related words
    Relating to or describing ships and boats: nautical, maritime, marine...

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