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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2422 COCA: 2627
rough adj.
rough1 (rough ground/edges) rough2 (rough seas/weather) coarse (rough skin) difficult2 (Life is rough.) hoarse (a rough voice) vague (a rough estimate/sketch) violent (rough kids/treatment)
rough2

adjective

rough ground/edges 高低不平的地面;参差不齐的边缘rough seas/weather 波涛汹涌的海;狂风暴雨的天气 See also the entry for wet 2 另见wet条第2义rough ♦︎ violent ♦︎ stormy ♦︎ turbulent ♦︎ raging ♦︎ choppyThese words all describe weather or the sea when there is a strong wind or large waves. 这些词均表示风浪很大的、波涛汹涌的。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达风浪大的程度
choppyroughviolent
stormyraging
turbulent
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配a rough / violent / stormy / turbulent / raging / choppy searough / violent / stormy / turbulent / choppy conditionsrough / stormy / turbulent / choppy watersrough / turbulent / choppy waterrough / violent / stormy weather rough (of the sea) having large and dangerous waves; (of the weather, especially at sea) with strong winds and rain (海)波涛汹涌的;(天气,尤指海上天气)风浪很大的It was too rough to sail that night.那天夜里风浪太大,无法行船。There's no way he could have swum ashore in such rough weather.他在这样恶劣的天气无法游上岸。 OPP calm quiet 1 violent (of the weather or the sea) very dangerous, with very strong winds and/or very large waves (天气或海)非常危险的,狂风大作的,波涛汹涌的The islands were hit by a violent cyclone.这些岛屿受到猛烈的旋风袭击。Members of the lifeboat crew were presented with bravery awards for launching in violent seas.为表彰救生艇船员冒着惊涛骇浪出航救人,向他们颁发了英勇奖。 stormy with strong winds and heavy rain or snow 有暴风雨(或暴风雪)的She visited me one dark and stormy night in November.在11月里一个漆黑的暴风雨之夜,她来看我。 turbulent ˈtɜːbjələnt; NAmE ˈtɜːrbjələnt [usually before noun](of air or water) changing direction suddenly and violently (气流或水流)汹涌的,猛烈的,湍动的The aircraft is designed to withstand turbulent conditions.这架飞机是为经受猛烈的气流而设计的。 raging ˈreɪdʒɪŋ [only before noun](of natural forces such as wind, water and fire) very powerful (风、水、火等自然力)极其强大的,猛烈的The stream had become a raging torrent.小河变成了一条汹涌的急流。The building was now a raging inferno (= the fire was out of control).这座大楼现在正烈焰熊熊。 choppy (of the sea or water) with a lot of small waves (海面或水面)波浪起伏的,不平静的The choppy waters caused some of the boats to capsize.波浪起伏的水面造成一些船只倾覆。
rough1

adjective

rough ground/edges 高低不平的地面;参差不齐的边缘rough seas/weather 波涛汹涌的海;狂风暴雨的天气rough ♦︎ rocky ♦︎ rugged ♦︎ uneven ♦︎ bumpy ♦︎ lumpy ♦︎ ruttedThese words all describe a surface or edge that is not level, smooth or flat. 这些词均表示表面或边缘粗糙的、不平滑的、不平坦的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配a rough / a rocky / an uneven / a bumpy surfacea rough / an uneven / a bumpy / a rutted roadrough / rocky / uneven / bumpy ground / terraina rough / bumpy / rutted lane / tracka rocky / rugged landscape / hill / mountain / peak / cliff / coast / coastline rough having a surface or edge that is not even or regular 粗糙的;不平滑的;高低不平的The car is designed for travelling over rough ground.这款车是专为在崎岖地面上行驶而设计的。Trim any rough edges with a sharp knife.用锋利的刀将参差不齐的边切齐。 OPP smooth flat adj. rocky made of rock; full of rocks 岩石的;多岩石的This plant grows in rocky soil on exposed hillsides.这种植物生长在无遮蔽山坡上多石的土壤中。 rugged ˈrʌgɪd (of landscape) not level or smooth and having rocks rather than plants or trees, especially in a way that is beautiful or romantic (地形)崎岖的,凹凸不平的,多岩石的(尤指使人感觉美丽或浪漫)They admired the rugged beauty of the coastline.他们对海岸线上岩石密布的美景赞叹不已。 uneven ʌnˈiːvn (of a surface) not level, smooth or flat (表面)凹凸不平的,不光滑的,不平坦的She picked her way along the uneven path.她小心翼翼地走在不平整的小路上。The floor felt uneven under his feet.他觉得脚下的地板高低不平。 bumpy (of a surface) not even; with a lot of bumps (平面)不平的;多凸块的She felt quite sick from the long drive over the bumpy road.在颠簸的路上长时间行驶让她感到很不舒服。Bumpy is used especially to describe a piece of ground that you drive or cycle over. * bumpy尤用于修饰驾车或骑车经过的地面。 lumpy full of lumps; covered in lumps 多块状物的;为块状物覆盖的I lay sleepless on my lumpy mattress.躺在凸凹不平的床垫上我睡不着觉。Lumpy is most frequently used to talk about mattresses (= that you lie on) and pillows (= that you rest your head on). * lumpy最常用于修饰床垫和枕头。 rutted (of a road or path) with deep tracks that have been made by wheels (道路或小径)有车辙的The track was heavily rutted from the wheels of farm tractors.农用拖拉机的轮子在这条小路上碾出深深的车辙。

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