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BNC: 119 COCA: 130
last
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adjective, adverb, determiner, noun, pronoun /lɑːst/
Last can be used in the following ways: last有以下用法
as a determiner (followed by a noun): 用作限定词（后接名词）: I saw him last night. 我昨天晚上见过他。 I wasn't here last time. 上一次我不在这儿。
as an adjective (after a determiner and before a noun): 用作形容词（置于限定词之后及名词之前）: My last job was in London. 我上一份工作的地点在伦敦。 I ate the last piece of cake. 我吃了最后一块蛋糕。 (after the verb ‘to be'): 用在动词to be之后: I was last in the race. 我跑了最后一名。
as a pronoun (after ‘the'): 用作代词（置于the之后）: Their new CD is even better than the last. 他们新发行的唱片比上一张更棒。 And that was the last I saw of him. 那是我最后一次见到他。
as an adverb: 用作副词: When did you see him last? 你最近一次见到他是什么时候？ I put my shoes on last. 最后，我穿上了鞋子。
as a noun (followed by ‘of'): 用作名词（后接of）: I drank up the last of the wine. 我喝光了最后一点酒。
  1. 1
    used for referring to the week, month, year etc that ended most recently （星期、月份、年等）最近过去的，紧接现在前面的
    last week/year/Saturday etc :

    How did you boys sleep last night? 你们几个男孩昨晚睡得怎么样？

    Last year the company made a profit of £350 million. 去年该公司赢利3.5亿英镑。

    1. a.
      used for referring to a period of time that has continued up to the present （用于指持续到现在的一段时间）
      the last week/month/year etc :

      Over the last 15 years there has been a 50% increase in the traffic on our roads. 在过去的15年里，公路上的车流量增加了50%。

      During the last hour we have been receiving reports of an explosion in the city centre. 在过去的一个小时里，我们不断收到有关市中心一起爆炸案的报告。

       Synonyms and related words
      General words referring to time: then, all, last...
    2. b.
      used for referring to a particular event, occasion, person, or thing that is the most recent one of its kind （用于指最近的、最新的或最后的活动、事件、人或事）

      The last time we met both of us had just started new jobs. 我们俩上次见面时都刚刚开始新工作。

      They've had only one win from their last eight matches. 前面的8场比赛他们只赢了1场。

      I'm afraid I don't agree with that last comment. 恐怕我不同意最后的那句评论。

      I had my last child at home. 我把我最小的孩子留在家里。

      His next book will be even better than his last. 他将出版的下一本书甚至会比上一本更精彩。

      I last saw her three years ago. 我最后一次见到她是在3年前。

  2. 2
    happening or coming at the end after all the others 最后（的）；最末（的）

    I swear this is the last cigarette I will ever smoke. 我发誓这是我抽的最后一根雪茄。

    Fry the onions until crisp, and add them last. 把洋葱炒到酥脆，最后再把它们加进去。

    Tonight's performance is the last in a series. 今晚的演出是系列演出中的最后一场。

    the last of :

    When the last of the lorries had gone by, the street was reopened. 最后一辆卡车驶过后，街道又恢复了正常通行。

    the last to do something :

    Janice was the last to leave. 贾尼丝是最后一个走的。

    Why am I always the last to find out about these parties? 为何我老是最后一个得知有关这些聚会的情况？

    the last someone sees/hears of :

    His plane disappeared into the clouds, and that was the last we ever saw of him. 他的飞机消失在云层里，而那也是我们最后一次见到他。

  3. 3
    used for referring to someone or something that remains after all the rest have gone, or to part of an amount that remains after the rest has been used 最后剩下的人（或物）；余下的人（或物）；剩余部分

    I wouldn't marry him if he was the last man on earth. 即使世上只剩下他一个男人，我也不会嫁给他的。

    the last surviving copy of the manuscript 最后仅存的一份原稿副本

    I hope to be among the last four in the tournament. 我希望能进入锦标赛的前4名。

    the last of :

    He is the last of his generation. 他那一代人中只有他还健在。

    Who wants the last of the ice cream? 谁要最后的这些冰淇淋？

  4. 4
    used for emphasizing that someone or something is not at all likely, suitable, or wanted in a particular situation （用于强调根本不可能、不适合或不需要）

    The last thing we need is a tax rise. 我们最不希望增加税收。

    Hurting you is the last thing I'd want to do. 我根本就不想伤害你。

    I'm the last person you should be asking for advice. 你根本不应该向我征求意见。

See also
last
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★
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verb /lɑːst/
present tense
I/you/we/theylast
he/she/itlasts
present participlelasting
past tenselasted
past participlelasted
  1. 1
    [I] to continue existing or happening for or until a particular time 持续；延续

    The game lasts 80 minutes. 这场比赛持续了80分钟。

    last for/until/through etc :

    The hearing is scheduled to last for two weeks. 听证会预定将持续两周。

    The violence lasted until dawn the next morning. 暴乱一直持续到第二天凌晨。

     Synonyms and related words
    To continue for a particular amount of time: last, extend, go back...
    1. a.
      [I] to continue existing or happening without changing or failing 持久；持续下去

      He woke up in a good mood, and I'm just hoping it will last. 他醒来后心情不错，我只希望他的好心情能保持下去。

      These cars are built to last. 这些汽车经久耐用。

       Synonyms and related words
      To continue without stopping: latency, continue, last...
    2. b.
      [I/T] to continue to be available, or to be enough for what people need 维持；够用

      The water won't last long. 这些水维持不了多久。

      last for :

      The supplies would last for only another few days. 这些补给品只够再维持几天。

      last someone a day/two months etc :

      Eighty pounds usually lasted him about a week. 80英镑通常够他用一个星期左右。

       Synonyms and related words
      Available and to be, or to become available: available, public, spare...
  2. 2
    [I] to continue to stay alive or be well, or to continue to be able to do a job, in spite of difficulties 活下去；坚持；支撑下去

    I can't last much longer without sleep. 再不睡觉我支撑不了多久。

    He won't last long as captain if he upsets the rest of the team. 如果惹恼了队里的其他人，他这个队长也当不长。

     Synonyms and related words
    To continue despite difficulties: come through, exist, last...

phrasal verbs

last
noun [C] /lɑːst/
singularlast
plurallasts
  1. a metal, wooden, or plastic model in the shape of a human foot, used by someone who makes shoes 鞋楦
     Synonyms and related words
    General hand tools: adjustable spanner, Allen key, applicator...
BNC: 119 COCA: 130
last

verb

ADVERB | VERB + LAST | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADVERB➤long持續時間長◇Your car will last longer if you take care of it.你的車如果好好保養，就可以開得久一點兒。➤well保持得好◇Even when cut, the flowers last very well.這些花剪下來以後也能保鮮很久。➤forever, indefinitely持續到永遠◇Nothing lasts forever.任何事物都不是永恆的。◇With care, the vines will last indefinitely.精心護理的話，葡萄藤會活很長時間。➤rarely極少持久◇This type of happiness rarely lasts.這種幸福極少有持久的。➤never不持久◇Happiness never lasts.快樂總是很短暫。VERB + LAST➤can能夠持續◇The storm could last quite a long time.暴風雨可能持續很長時間。◇The good weather couldn't last.這種好天氣不會持久。➤will會持續◇The kids are all very enthusiastic, but it won't last.孩子們熱情都很高，不過不會持續太久。➤be likely to, be sure to很可能／肯定能持續◇a bruise that was sure to last for days肯定會持續好幾天的瘀傷➤be unlikely to不大可能持續◇I always thought his popularity was unlikely to last.我一直認為他不太會一路紅下去。➤be expected to有望持久▸➤seem to好像會持續◇The flight seemed to last forever.飛行航程好像沒完沒了。➤be built to, be made to建造以持久◇This house was built to last.這房子造得經久耐用。PREPOSITION➤for持續⋯時間◇The war lasted for three years.戰爭持續了 3 年。➤into持續到⋯時候◇The celebrations lasted well into the next week.慶祝活動一直持續到第二週。➤through持續過⋯◇The effort began in November and lasted through February. (NAmE) 這一努力自 11 月開始，一直持續到了 2 月末。◇She hoped they had enough firewood to last through the night. (BrE) 她希望他們有足夠的柴火挺過這一夜。➤until持續到⋯為止◇The trial is expected to last until the end of the week.審判預計要持續到週末。PHRASES➤while sth lasts當⋯存在時◇Interest rates are at their lowest level for a decade. I suggest you enjoy it while it lasts.利率在低谷徘徊已經 10 年了，我建議你們把握好機會，不要錯過哦。
BNC: 119 COCA: 130
last verb
⇨ continue 1 (It lasted an hour.) ⇨ remain (This weather won't last.)last det., adj.
⇨ last 1 (the last bus home) ⇨ last 2 (last night)last1

determiner

,

adjective

 the last bus home 回家的末班公共汽车last night 昨晚last ♦︎ final ♦︎ closing ♦︎ later ♦︎ eventual ♦︎ ultimate ♦︎ latterThese words all describe sth that happens or comes after all other similar things or people. 这些词均表示最后的、末尾的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆the last / final / closing / later / ultimate / latter stage / phase◆the last / final / later / eventual / ultimate aim / goal / outcome◆eventual / ultimate success / failure / victory / defeat◆sb / sth's last / final / closing / later / latter years◆sb's last / final / closing speech / address◆the last / final / closing remark / chapter / minutes■ last

determiner

,

adjective

happening or coming after all other similar things or people; the only remaining thing or person 最后的；末尾的；仅存的◆We caught the last bus home.我们赶上了回家的末班公共汽车。◆It's the last house on the left.是左边尽头那栋房子。◆She was last to arrive.她是最后到的。◆I wouldn't marry you if you were the last person on earth!就算世界上只剩下你一个人，我也不会跟你结婚！◆He knew this was his last hope of winning.他知道自己成败在此一举。 OPP first ⇨ first ▸ lastly

adverb

◆Lastly, I'd like to ask you about your plans.最后，我想问一下你们的计划。▸ at ˈlast

idiom

◆We're home at last!我们终于到家了！◆At long last the cheque arrived.支票终于到了。■ final

adjective

 [only before noun] being or happening at the end of a series of events, actions or statements; being the result of a particular process 最终的；最后的◆His final act as president was to pardon his predecessor.他作为总统所采取的最后行动是赦免其前任。◆The referee blew the final whistle.裁判吹响了终场的哨声。◆I'd like to return to the final point you made.我想回到你所说的最后一点。◆No one could have predicted the final outcome.谁也没有预想到最终结果会是这样。OPP initial ⇨ first ▸ finally

adverb

◆Finally, stir in the fruit and walnuts.最后，把水果和核桃搅拌进去。◆The performance finally started half an hour late.演出在晚了半小时后终于开始了。■ closing

adjective

 [only before noun] coming at the end of a speech, a period of time or an activity, especially as a sign that sth is about to finish （讲话、时段或活动）接近尾声的，结尾的，结束的◆The closing ceremony proved to be a spectacular and memorable affair.事实证明，这次闭幕式宏大壮观，十分难忘。OPP opening ⇨ first ■ later

adjective

happening or being near the end of a period of time 接近末期的◆the later part of the seventeenth century17世纪末叶◆She found happiness in her later years.她到晚年才找到幸福。 OPP earlier ▸ later

adverb

◆His father died later that year.那年晚些时候他的父亲去世了。◆We're going to Rome later in the year.我们年内晚些时候要到罗马去。■ eventual ɪˈventʃuəl

adjective

 [only before noun] happening at the end of a period of time or of a process （时段或过程）最后的，最终的◆The school may face eventual closure.这所学校最终可能会面临关闭。◆the eventual winner of the tournament锦标赛的最终获胜者▸ eventually

adverb

◆She hopes eventually to attend medical school and become a doctor.她希望最终能够上医学院，成为一名医生。◆I'll get round to mending it eventually.我最后会抽出时间来修理它的。■ ultimate ˈʌltɪmət

adjective

 [only before noun](especially of sth that is planned or intended) happening at the end of a long process （尤指计划或打算的事情）最后的，最终的，终极的◆our ultimate goal / aim / objective / target我们最终的目的／目标◆The ultimate decision lies with the parents.最后的决定权掌握在父母手中。◆We will accept ultimate responsibility for whatever happens.无论出什么事情，我们愿承担全部责任。▸ ultimately

adverb

◆The campaign was ultimately successful.这次运动最终成功了。◆Ultimately, you'll have to make the decision yourself.最终你还是得自己拿主意。■ latter

adjective

nearer to the end of a period of time than the beginning （时段）后半期的，后面的◆The latter half of the twentieth century saw huge growth in air travel.航空旅行在20世纪后半期有了巨幅增长。▸ latterly

adverb

 (formal) ◆Her health declined rapidly and latterly she never left the house.她的健康状况急剧衰退，此后她再也没离开过家。last2

determiner

,

adjective

 the last bus home 回家的末班公共汽车last night 昨晚last ♦︎ past ♦︎ previous ♦︎ precedingThese words all describe sth that happened or existed only a short time ago, or before a particular time, event or object. 这些词均表示最近的、刚过去的、上一个的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆the last / past / previous / preceding few days / week / month / year / decade / century◆the last / past / previous weekend / season / hundred years◆the last / past hour◆the previous / preceding day◆last / the previous night / Friday / July / summer◆the last / previous / preceding paragraph / section◆the last / previous page / chapter / time / visit / meeting / war◆sb's last / previous album / appearance◆the previous / preceding discussion / argument / analysis / example■ last

determiner

most recent 最近的；上一个的◆He got home late last night.他昨天夜里很晚才回家。◆Last summer we went to Greece for a month.去年夏天我们去希腊待了一个月。◆The critics all hated her last book.评论家都很不喜欢她的新书。◆This last point, that Hamish has mentioned, is crucial.哈米什刚刚提到的这一点很关键。OPP first ⇨ first , next ⇨ next ■ past

adjective

 [only before noun](of a period of time) gone by recently; just ended （一段时间）刚过去的，刚结束的◆I haven't seen much of her in the past few weeks.近几周来我没怎么见到她。 OPP next ⇨ next NOTE 辨析 Last or past?You can only use past to talk about a period of time that has just gone by, especially a long or approximate period of time. * past仅指刚过去的一段时间，特别是较长或大概的一段时间◆These past months have been terribly stressful for everyone.最近几个月每个人的压力都特别大。 Past is an adjective and must be used with the or a determiner such as this or these: it cannot be used on its own. * past是形容词，前面必须加the或this、these等限定词，不能单独使用◆Last week was very busy.上个星期特别忙。◆The past week has been very busy.上个星期特别忙。 Past is not used to talk about particular dates or points in time, or about things. * past不修饰具体的日期或时刻，也不修饰事物◆He got home late past night. ◆The critics hated her past book. ■ previous [only before noun] happening or coming immediately before the time or thing you are talking about （时间或顺序上）稍前的◆He went jogging on Friday, despite the doctor's warnings the previous day (= the day before the time mentioned).尽管医生前一天刚警告过他，可他周五还是去慢跑了。◆We dealt with this in the previous chapter.我们在前一章论及了这一点。 OPP the following ⇨ next ■ preceding prɪˈsiːdɪŋ [only before noun] (formal) previous 在⋯之前发生的；先于⋯的◆This policy was pursued less vigorously in the 1880s than in the preceding decade (= the 1870s).在19世纪80年代，这项政策不如之前10年执行得那么坚决。◆The reasoning in the preceding paragraph applies equally to a number of other cases.上一段中的论述同样也适用于其他一些情况。OPP the following ⇨ next

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