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TOEFL BNC: 821 COCA: 1099
suffer
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verb /ˈsʌfə(r)/
present tense
I/you/we/theysuffer
he/she/itsuffers
present participlesuffering
past tensesuffered
past participlesuffered
  1. 1
    [I/T] to feel pain in your body or your mind （身体）感到疼痛；（心中）感到痛苦

    Don't worry, the animal won't suffer any pain. 别担心，这只动物不会感到任何痛苦的。

    When parents argue constantly, it's the children who suffer most. 父母争吵不休，最遭罪的是孩子们。

     Synonyms and related words
    To feel or cause physical pain and suffering: suffer, hurt, ache...
    1. a.
      to have a particular illness or physical problem 患有（疾病等）
      suffer from :

      patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease 阿尔茨海默病患者

      She suffered from depression for most of her adult life. 成年之后的绝大部分时间里她备受抑郁症的折磨。

       Synonyms and related words
      To have or develop an illness or symptom: suffer, get, contract...
  2. 2
    [T] to experience something very unpleasant or painful 经受，承受，蒙受（非常不愉快或痛苦的事）

    Some patients suffered severe side-effects from the treatment. 有些病人进行这种治疗产生了严重的副作用。

    About one fifth of adults have suffered occasional periods of unemployment. 约有1/5的成年人有过偶尔几次的失业经历。

    Our team suffered another humiliating defeat last night. 昨晚我们队又一次遭受惨败。

    suffer the consequences :

    If you choose to ignore the rules, you'll have to suffer the consequences. 如果你决定不理会这些规则，你将不得不承担后果。

     Synonyms and related words
    To be in, or to get into a difficult situation: run out of road, suffer, undergo...
    1. a.
      [I] to be badly affected by a very difficult or unpleasant situation 受损害；受损失；受苦

      a prolonged civil war, in which ordinary people have suffered terribly 使平民百姓痛苦不堪的长期内战

      suffer from :

      The region continues to suffer from serious pollution. 这个地区依然遭受着严重的污染。

       Synonyms and related words
      To be in, or to get into a difficult situation: run out of road, suffer, undergo...
    Collocates: suffer
    Nouns frequently used as objects of suffer
    ▪  attack, consequence, damage, decline, defeat, fate, humiliation, indignity, loss, setback
  3. 3
    [I] to become worse or less successful 变差；变糟；恶化

    Ben was constantly away from home on business and, not surprisingly, their relationship suffered. 本总是出差在外，因此他们的关系恶化就不足为奇了。

     Synonyms and related words
    To become worse: worsen, decline, deteriorate...
  4. 4
    [T] an old word meaning ‘to allow something' （古时用语）容许，允许，任凭
     Synonyms and related words
    To give someone permission to do something: permit, allow, approve...
TOEFL BNC: 821 COCA: 1099
suffer

verb

ADVERB | VERB + SUFFER | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADVERB➤a lot, badly, enormously, greatly, grievously, horribly, immensely, mightily, severely, terribly, tremendously受損嚴重；遭受重大損害；遭受慘重損失◇This area suffered very badly in the storms.該地區在暴風雨中損失慘重。➤needlessly遭受不必要的痛苦◇Thousands of children in the world today suffer needlessly.當今世界上有成千上萬的兒童遭受着不必要的痛苦。➤disproportionately遭受更大的損害◇Poor families suffer disproportionately from asthma.貧困家庭患上哮喘病的人數更多。➤accordingly相應地遭受痛苦➤unnecessarily不必要地遭受痛苦➤economically, financially經濟上／財政上遭受損失➤emotionally, mentally, physically感情上／精神上／肉體上遭受痛苦➤alone獨自遭受痛苦◇I'm sorry that you have to suffer alone like this.你這樣獨自一人受苦，我很難過。VERB + SUFFER➤be likely to, tend to可能／易於患病◇Premature babies are more likely to suffer from breathing difficulties in childhood.早產兒在童年更有可能出現呼吸障礙。➤continue to繼續遭受痛苦➤deserve to應該遭受痛苦◇No child deserves to suffer for a parent's mistakes.孩子不應該因父母的錯誤而受苦。PREPOSITION➤for因為⋯受痛苦◇I played tennis yesterday and I know I shall suffer for it today.因為昨天打了網球，我知道今天要受罪了。➤from患有⋯◇She suffers from asthma.她患有哮喘。➤under在⋯之下受苦◇people suffering under repressive regimes在專制的政權下受煎熬的人們➤with因⋯受痛苦◇He suffers terribly with migraines.他患有嚴重的偏頭痛。PHRASES➤suffer in silence默默忍受◇They were just expected to suffer in silence.他們被認為就應該默默忍受。
TOEFL BNC: 821 COCA: 1099
suffer verb
⇨ have 3

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