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TOEFL BNC: 821 COCA: 1099
suffer
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verb /ˈsʌfə(r)/
present tense
I/you/we/theysuffer
he/she/itsuffers
present participlesuffering
past tensesuffered
past participlesuffered
  1. 1
    [I/T] to feel pain in your body or your mind （身体）感到疼痛；（心中）感到痛苦

    Don't worry, the animal won't suffer any pain. 别担心，这只动物不会感到任何痛苦的。

    When parents argue constantly, it's the children who suffer most. 父母争吵不休，最遭罪的是孩子们。

     Synonyms and related words
    To feel or cause physical pain and suffering: suffer, hurt, ache...
    1. a.
      to have a particular illness or physical problem 患有（疾病等）
      suffer from :

      patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease 阿尔茨海默病患者

      She suffered from depression for most of her adult life. 成年之后的绝大部分时间里她备受抑郁症的折磨。

       Synonyms and related words
      To have or develop an illness or symptom: suffer, get, contract...
  2. 2
    [T] to experience something very unpleasant or painful 经受，承受，蒙受（非常不愉快或痛苦的事）

    Some patients suffered severe side-effects from the treatment. 有些病人进行这种治疗产生了严重的副作用。

    About one fifth of adults have suffered occasional periods of unemployment. 约有1/5的成年人有过偶尔几次的失业经历。

    Our team suffered another humiliating defeat last night. 昨晚我们队又一次遭受惨败。

    suffer the consequences :

    If you choose to ignore the rules, you'll have to suffer the consequences. 如果你决定不理会这些规则，你将不得不承担后果。

     Synonyms and related words
    To be in, or to get into a difficult situation: run out of road, suffer, undergo...
    1. a.
      [I] to be badly affected by a very difficult or unpleasant situation 受损害；受损失；受苦

      a prolonged civil war, in which ordinary people have suffered terribly 使平民百姓痛苦不堪的长期内战

      suffer from :

      The region continues to suffer from serious pollution. 这个地区依然遭受着严重的污染。

       Synonyms and related words
      To be in, or to get into a difficult situation: run out of road, suffer, undergo...
    Collocates: suffer
    Nouns frequently used as objects of suffer
    ▪  attack, consequence, damage, decline, defeat, fate, humiliation, indignity, loss, setback
  3. 3
    [I] to become worse or less successful 变差；变糟；恶化

    Ben was constantly away from home on business and, not surprisingly, their relationship suffered. 本总是出差在外，因此他们的关系恶化就不足为奇了。

     Synonyms and related words
    To become worse: worsen, decline, deteriorate...
  4. 4
    [T] an old word meaning ‘to allow something' （古时用语）容许，允许，任凭
     Synonyms and related words
    To give someone permission to do something: permit, allow, approve...

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