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IELTS BNC: 496 COCA: 350
history
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noun /ˈhɪst(ə)ri/
singularhistory
pluralhistories
  1. 1
    [U] the whole of time before the present, and all things that happened in that time 历史
    in recorded history :

    These temperatures are the highest in recorded history. 这些气温是有史以来最高的。

    throughout history :

    Attitudes to gender roles have changed throughout history. 在整个历史进程中对性别角色的态度发生了改变。

    recent history :

    No other band in recent history has sold as many concert tickets. 在最近一段时间，没有哪个乐队能卖这么多的音乐会门票。

     Synonyms and related words
    Periods of history: age, era, history...
    1. a.
      [singular/uncountable] the things that have happened in a particular place or to a particular group of people (某地或某人群的)历史

      I'm writing a book on this area's history. 我在写一本关于这个地区历史的书。

      The University has a distinguished history. 这所大学有着辉煌的历史。

      the history of Spain 西班牙史

      world/Western history 世界/西方史

      a chequered history (=in which both good and bad things have happened) 荣辱盛衰的历史 :

      an unusual building with a chequered history 一座经历了荣辱盛衰的不寻常的建筑物

       Synonyms and related words
      Periods of history: age, era, history...
    2. b.
      [C/U] all the things that a particular person has done or experienced 个人经历

      I feel like a part of my history has been taken away. 我觉得自己的部分经历好像被删掉了。

      medical history :

      It's important to consider a child's medical history. 考虑孩子的病史是很重要的。

       Synonyms and related words
      General words for situations and circumstances: situation, circumstance, conditions...
    3. c.
      [singular/uncountable] the way that a particular subject or object has developed or changed throughout its existence (事物的)发展过程，沿革

      the history of economic thought 经济思想史

      literary/archaeological history 文学/考古史

      a landmark in the history of something :

      This book was a landmark in the history of English fiction. 这本书是英语小说史上的里程碑。

       Synonyms and related words
      Progress and development: progress, development, advance...
  2. 2
    [U] the study of the events of the past 历史学

    He teaches history at the local school. 他在当地的学校里教历史。

    history books 历史书

     Synonyms and related words
    Specific areas of study: acoustics, aesthetics, agriculture...
  3. 3
    [C] an account of the events that happened during a particular period of the past 过去事件的叙述（或记载）；史
    history of :

    a history of the Romans 古罗马基督教徒史

    The book provides a comprehensive history of the Second World War. 这本书对第二次世界大战作了全面的叙述。

     Synonyms and related words
    Descriptions and stories: description, story, picture...
  4. 4
    [C/U] the length of time that something has existed 某事物存在的时间

    For the first time in its 70-year history the club has admitted women members. 在这个俱乐部70年的历史中，这是第一次接纳女会员。

    trace something's history (=follow or describe something's past, back to a particular time) 追溯某事物的历史 :

    The village can trace its history back to 1078. 这个村庄的历史可以追溯到 1078 年。

     Synonyms and related words
    Existence and the length of time that something exists: existence, lifetime, life...
     Synonyms and related words
    General periods of time: a clear run, a page in something's history, block...
Usage note: history
A history is a book, film, television programme etc about real events that happened in the past of a particular place, activity, or group of people: He has written a history of Rome. I am reading a history of photography.
A story is an account of real or imaginary events in the past or the future, and is usually intended to be entertaining instead of educational: She writes stories about fairies and witches. They told me the story of how they met.
IELTS BNC: 496 COCA: 350
history

noun¹

 1the past, esp. as a subject of study歷史（學）ADJECTIVE | ... OF HISTORY | VERB + HISTORY | HISTORY + VERB | HISTORY + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤contemporary, early, recent當代史；早期歷史；近代歷史◇the early history of the trade union movement早期的工會運動史◇things that happened in recent history近代歷史事件➤ancient, medieval, modern古代史；中世紀歷史；現代史➤human人類史▸➤local地方誌▸➤family家史➤American, British, world, etc.美國史、英國史、世界史等▸➤official官方的歷史記載◇the official history of the university大學的官方歷史➤revisionist修正主義的歷史▸➤recorded有文字記載的歷史◇The debate about the origins of the universe has been going on throughout recorded history.關於宇宙起源的爭論貫穿於整個有文字記載的歷史。➤oral口述歷史◇Oral history provides an account of those aspects of people's experience that are not recorded in documents.口述歷史記述了人類經歷中未被記載的那些方面。➤intellectual思想史▸➤art, church, cultural, economic, literary, military, political, social, etc.藝術史、教會史、文化史、經濟史、文學史、軍事史、政治史、社會史等➤environmental, evolutionary, geologic, geological環境史；進化史；地質史➤past過去的歷史◇They had an affair once, but that's past history now (= no longer important or relevant).他們曾有過一段風流韻事，但那是過去的事了。... OF HISTORY➤piece一項歷史紀錄◇She created a piece of history by winning her fourth title.她第四次贏得冠軍，創造了一項歷史紀錄。VERB + HISTORY➤be steeped in飽含歷史◇a building that is steeped in history一棟飽經歷史滄桑的建築物➤go down in, make, pass into名垂青史；載入史冊◇He will go down in history as a wise adviser and a kind man.他將作為一名智者和仁人被載入史冊。◇He made history by being the first man to walk on the moon.他作為第一個在月球上行走的人被載入史冊。➤fade into淡出成為歷史◇The war has now faded into history.這場戰爭現在已經淡出成為歷史。➤trace追溯⋯的歷史◇The regiment traces its history back to 1803.這個團的歷史可以追溯到 1803 年。➤chronicle, document, write記錄／記載／書寫歷史➤recount, relate, tell陳述／敍述／講述歷史▸➤distort, rewrite歪曲／重寫歷史◇her attempt to rewrite history with herself in the role of heroine她以自己為主角重寫歷史的打算➤reconstruct重塑歷史HISTORY + VERB➤go back to sth歷史回溯到⋯◇The town's history goes back to colonial times.這座小鎮的歷史可以上溯到殖民地時代。➤go back...歷史回溯⋯◇The history of this organization goes back many years.該組織的歷史可追溯到很多年以前。➤reveal sth, show sth, suggest sth, teach sth, tell sth歷史表明⋯；歷史告訴⋯◇History shows that high approval ratings are no guarantee of re-election.歷史記錄表明，高支持率並不能保證再次當選。◇History teaches us that New Zealand teams are almost unbeatable on their own turf.以往的記錄告訴我們，新西蘭隊在主場比賽中幾乎是不可戰勝的。➤repeat itself歷史重演◇Years later, family history repeated itself with Eve's daughters.多年以後，家族歷史又在伊夫的女兒們身上重演。HISTORY + NOUN➤book (figurative) 史冊◇She has earned her place in the history books.她已經名留青史。PREPOSITION➤during sth's history在⋯的歷史上◇The country has suffered several invasions during its history.歷史上，這個國家屢遭侵略。➤in (sth's) history在（⋯）歷史上◇the most extraordinary meeting in history歷史上最不同尋常的會議◇the best player in the sport's history體育史上最優秀的運動員➤history of⋯的歷史◇the history of the world世界史◇She studies history of art.她學習藝術史。➤throughout history貫穿整個歷史◇There have been conflicts such as this throughout history.像這樣的衝突事件貫穿了整個歷史。PHRASES➤change the course of history改變歷史進程◇events that could change the course of history可能改變歷史進程的事件➤a period of history一段歷史時期◇This is a fascinating period of history.這是一段饒有趣味的歷史。➤the lessons of history (figurative) 歷史的教訓➤the rest is history (= the rest of the story does not need to be told because it is well known) 其餘的事就盡人皆知了➤a sense of history歷史感◇a people with no sense of history一個沒有歷史感的民族➤a slice of history歷史片段◇The team grabbed a slice of history here today (= achieved sth that will be remembered).這支隊伍今天在此地的表現將載入史冊。  ➡ note at subject (for more verbs and nouns)
history

noun²

 2facts about sb/sth's life/existence in the past經歷ADJECTIVE | VERB + HISTORY | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤chequered/checkered, colourful/colorful, fascinating, interesting, rich, turbulent曲折的／多彩的／引人入勝的／有趣的／豐富的／動盪的歷史◇The city has a rich and fascinating history.這座城市的歷史豐富迷人。➤long漫長的歷史◇She has a long history of mental illness.她的精神病史很長。➤previous, subsequent先前的／後來的經歷➤shared共同的經歷▸➤case病歷◇She familiarized herself with the case history of her new patient.她熟悉了一下新病人的病歷。➤credit, employment, family, life, medical, personal, sexual信用記錄；工作履歷；家族史；生活閱歷；病史；個人履歷；性愛史◇The doctor will need some details of your medical history.醫生將要詳細瞭解你的病史。◇I know nothing about his personal history.我對他的來歷一無所知。VERB + HISTORY➤have有⋯的歷史◇They have a history of trying to interfere.他們曾試圖干涉。PREPOSITION➤history of⋯的歷史◇a history of heart disease in the family家族心臟病史
IELTS BNC: 496 COCA: 350
history noun
⇨ background (sb's medical history) ⇨ past (the course of history) ⇨ story 2 (write a new history of Europe)

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