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IELTS BNC: 3437 COCA: 3381
mess
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★
noun /mes/
singularmess
pluralmesses
  1. 1
    [C/U] a situation in which a place is dirty or untidy 肮脏；凌乱

    Your room is a mess; please pick up your toys. 你的房间乱七八糟，请把玩具捡起来。

    ‘What a mess!' she said, looking at the kitchen. 她看着厨房说道：“多脏啊！”

    make a mess :

    Try not to make a mess because I've been cleaning. 尽量不要搞得乱糟糟的，因为我一直在清理。

    in a mess :

    His papers were in a terrible mess. 他的文件乱极了。

     Synonyms and related words
    Untidiness and untidy situations: omnishambles, mess, chaos...
    1. a.
      [C] something that has been accidentally dropped or carelessly left, so that it makes a place look dirty 掉落的东西；溅出的东西

      I cleaned up the mess with a napkin. 我用餐巾把脏东西清理掉了。

      There was a sticky mess on the kitchen floor. 厨房地板上有黏糊糊的东西。

       Synonyms and related words
      Dirt: dirt, dust, grime...
    2. b.
      [singular] someone or something that looks dirty, untidy, or in bad condition 肮脏（或不整洁）的人；肮脏（或不整洁）的东西

      Look at you – you're a mess! 看看你，真够邋遢的！

      Mark's jeans were a mess by the time he finished painting. 当迈克完成画作时，他的牛仔裤已经很脏了。

       Synonyms and related words
      Untidiness and untidy situations: omnishambles, mess, chaos...
  2. 2
    [singular] a difficult situation with a lot of problems, especially because people have made mistakes （尤指因人们出错而造成的）困境

    an economic mess 经济困境

    be in a mess :

    The company was in a complete mess when she took over. 当她接手的时候，公司的处境非常困难。

    get into a mess :

    I don't know how we got into this mess. 我不知道我们怎么陷入了这一困境。

    get someone into a mess :

    You got me into this mess in the first place. 首先你使我陷入这个困境。

     Synonyms and related words
    Difficult situations and experiences: crisis, battle, nightmare...
    Cultural note: mess
    The phrase another fine (or nice) mess you've gotten me into was often used by the US actor Oliver Hardy to his partner Stan Laurel in a series of comedy films they made together in the 1920s and 1930s. People sometimes use this phrase humorously when they are in a difficult situation, especially when they want to blame someone for it.
    Collocates: mess
    Adjectives frequently used with mess
    ▪  awful, complete, fine, real, right, sorry, terrible, total
  3. 3
    [singular] informal someone who is so nervous or who has so many problems that they cannot have a normal life （因紧张或有太多的问题而）生活失常的人

    I was a complete mess after the divorce. 离婚后我的生活完全是一团糟。

     Synonyms and related words
    People who worry a lot: nebbish, the worried well, worrier...
  4. 4
    [C] a room where people have their meals in the armed forces （军人的）食堂
     Synonyms and related words
    General words relating to army life: base, billet, detail...
  5. 5
    [C/U] solid waste from an animal 动物粪便
     Synonyms and related words
    Human and animal waste: cowpat, crap, dog dirt...
mess
★
verb /mes/
present tense
I/you/we/theymess
he/she/itmesses
present participlemessing
past tensemessed
past participlemessed

or mess around

phrasal verbs

mess about

or mess around

present tense
I/you/we/theymess about
he/she/itmesses about
present participlemessing about
past tensemessed about
past participlemessed about
British informal
  1. 1
    [I] to behave in a silly way, especially when you should be working or paying attention to something 胡闹；瞎闹（尤其在你应该工作或集中注意力的时候）

    Stop messing about – I'm serious about this! 别胡闹了，这事我是当真的！

     Synonyms and related words
    To behave in a silly way: fool around, mess about, play about...
  2. 2
    [I] to spend time doing things in a relaxed way 轻松地消磨时光

    We spent the weekend messing about on John's boat. 我们在约翰的船上悠闲地度过了周末的时光。

     Synonyms and related words
    To waste time, or to pass time doing unimportant things: fritter away, fiddle around, knock around...
  3. 3
    [T] [mess someone about] to treat someone badly, especially by changing your mind or by not doing what you promised 玩弄（某人）（尤指改变主意或不做承诺之事）
     Synonyms and related words
    To be cruel or unkind to someone: abuse, mistreat, oppress...
  4. 4
    [I] to waste time doing things that are not important 浪费时光；瞎混

    There's no point messing about. Let's start now. 瞎混是没有意义的。现在让我们开始吧。

    not mess about :

    They don't mess about, do they? I ordered the book yesterday and it's already come. 他们没有磨蹭，不是吗？我昨天订购的那本书，现在已经到了。

     Synonyms and related words
    To waste time, or to pass time doing unimportant things: fritter away, fiddle around, knock around...
  5. 5
    [I] to try to change or repair something, especially when this is unnecessary or unsuccessful 瞎动；摆弄；把玩
    mess about with :

    He'll spend hours messing about with that motorbike. 他会花上几个小时摆弄那辆摩托车。

     Synonyms and related words
    To waste time, or to pass time doing unimportant things: fritter away, fiddle around, knock around...
  6. 6
    [I] to have sex or a sexual relationship with someone, especially when you should not 发生性关系；勾搭
    mess about with :

    Diane's been messing around with a married man. 黛安娜一直和一个已婚男人关系暧昧。

     Synonyms and related words
    To have sex: sleep with, consummate, copulate...

mess up

present tense
I/you/we/theymess up
he/she/itmesses up
present participlemessing up
past tensemessed up
past participlemessed up
  1. 1
    [I/T] to make a mistake, or to do something badly （把…）搞砸；（把…）弄糟

    She says she completely messed up the interview. 她说她把面试全搞砸了。

    You messed up. Don't let it happen again. 你把事情弄糟了。这样的事不能再有第2次。

     Synonyms and related words
    To make a mistake, or to do something badly: mess up, blunder, slip up...
  2. 2
    [T] to make something dirty or untidy 弄脏；弄乱

    They had managed to mess up the whole office. 他们竟然把整个办公室搞得乱糟糟的。

    The wind had messed his hair up. 风把他的头发吹乱了。

     Synonyms and related words
    To make things dirty: dirty, pollute, smear...
     Synonyms and related words
    To make things untidy: muddle, tangle, clutter...
  3. 3
    [T] informal to be the cause of someone's physical, emotional, or mental problems 毁掉；扰乱

    Drugs really messed her up. 毒品的确把她给毁了。

    The virus messed up my body so badly that they told me I was going to die. 病毒在我体内肆虐，他们告诉我说我就要死了。

     Synonyms and related words
    Psychological processes: catharsis, complex, conditioning...
  4. 4
    [T] to damage or spoil something 损坏；毁坏

    I'm not going to let him mess up my life. 我不会让他毁掉我的生活。

     Synonyms and related words
    To damage or spoil something: damage, spoil, mark...

mess with

or mess around with

[T]
present tense
I/you/we/theymess with
he/she/itmesses with
present participlemessing with
past tensemessed with
past participlemessed with
informal
  1. 1
    [mess with someone] to make someone angry, or to argue with them 使生气；使争吵

    I wouldn't mess with her if I were you. 如果我是你我不会去惹她。

     Synonyms and related words
    To argue: argue, argue the toss, bandy words...
     Synonyms and related words
    To make someone angry or annoyed: annoy, provoke, anger...
  2. 2
    [mess with something] to become involved with something that is dangerous 沾染（有害之物）

    A lot of the kids had been messing with drugs. 许多小孩沾染上了毒品。

     Synonyms and related words
    To take risks: risk, dare, jeopardize...
  3. 3
    mess with someone's head very informal to seriously upset someone or make them confused 使某人心烦意乱；使某人困惑不解
     Synonyms and related words
    To make someone feel sad or upset: upset, wound, disturb...
     Synonyms and related words
    To make someone unable to concentrate or think clearly: discombobulate, confuse, distract...
IELTS BNC: 3437 COCA: 3381
mess

noun

ADJECTIVE | VERB + MESS | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤absolute, complete, fine, hopeless, real, royal, total, utter髒亂不堪；完全一團糟◇I got myself into a complete mess.我惹上了天大的麻煩。➤entire, whole一團糟◇You started this entire mess!是你起頭把這弄得一團糟！➤appalling, awful, horrible, nasty, stupid, terrible, ugly, unholy亂得嚇人；亂得一塌糊塗；亂得不像樣➤big, giant, huge大混亂◇The whole situation is a giant mess.整個情形混亂一片。◇I'm in a huge mess. I don't know what to do.我身陷巨大的混亂之中，不知如何是好。➤complicated, confusing, incoherent雜亂無章的一團；毫無頭緒的混亂◇The plot is an incoherent mess.那情節是一團毫無條理的亂麻。➤chaotic混亂一團▸➤jumbled, muddled, tangled, untidy (BrE) 亂蓬蓬的一團；亂糟糟的一團；髒兮兮的一團◇Her hair was a tangled mess.她的頭髮亂成一團。➤bloody, disgusting, gooey, muddy, slimy, sloppy, soggy, sticky血淋淋的／叫人惡心的／黏軟的／泥乎乎的／黏滑的／又髒又濕的／濕乎乎的／黏糊糊的一團◇Soon both fighters were a bloody mess of flying punches.很快兩個鬥士就亂拳揮舞打成了一團，只見到處是血。◇Why don't you clean up this disgusting mess?你幹嗎不把這些亂七八糟的東西清理一下？➤emotional情感上的混亂◇He's been an emotional mess since his girlfriend left him.自從女朋友離開他後，他感情上就陷入了一片混亂。➤economic, financial經濟困境；財政上的混亂狀態VERB + MESS➤leave, make使處於混亂狀態；弄亂◇Must you always leave such a mess?你非要總搞得這麼亂嗎？◇She felt she was making a terrible mess of her life.她感覺她正把自己的生活搞得一團糟。➤clean up, clear up, tidy up, wipe up打掃乾淨；收拾整齊；擦掉髒東西➤look, look like (especially NAmE) 看上去亂糟糟➤become變得一團糟◇My life's becoming a big mess.我的生活正變為一團亂麻。➤get (sb) into, get (sb) out of（使某人）陷入／（使某人）脫離困境◇Who got us into this mess in the first place?究竟是誰使我們陷入了這一困境？➤cause, create, start引起麻煩；製造麻煩；引起混亂◇That was what caused this whole mess in the first place.那就是導致這一切混亂的禍首。➤deal with, fix, resolve, sort out, straighten out處理混亂的局面；解決麻煩事◇I have to try to fix the mess you caused.我不得不努力收拾你弄的這個爛攤子。PREPOSITION➤in a mess處於混亂狀態◇The kitchen's in an awful mess.廚房裏一片狼藉。◇We found ourselves in a real mess.我們發現自己深陷麻煩之中。➤mess of一團⋯◇She searched through the mess of papers on her desk. (especially NAmE) 她把自己桌上那堆雜亂的文件翻了個遍。PHRASES➤make a mess of things把事情搞得一團糟◇I've really made a mess of things!我真把事情搞糟了！
IELTS BNC: 3437 COCA: 3381
mess noun
⇨ mess 1 (The room was in a mess.) ⇨ mess 2 (The economy is in a mess.)mess1

noun

 The room was in a mess. 房间杂乱不堪。The economy is in a mess. 经济陷入了困境。mess ♦︎ clutter ♦︎ jumble ♦︎ disorder ♦︎ muddleThese are all words you can use when a place or group of things is very untidy. 这些词均表示杂乱、混乱、乱七八糟。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a mess / clutter / jumble / muddle of sth◆to be in a mess / a jumble / disorder / a muddle◆(a) complete mess / jumble / disorder◆to be a mess / jumble / muddle◆a bit of a mess / jumble■ mess [countable, usually singular] (sometimes disapproving) an untidy state in which things have been left in the wrong place or spread around 杂乱；不整洁◆The room was in a mess.房间杂乱不堪。◆Sorry, this place is a bit of a mess.对不起，这儿有点儿乱。◆The kids made a mess in the bathroom.孩子们把浴室搞得一塌糊涂。◆'What a mess!' she said, surveying the scene after the party.看着聚会后的情景，她说：“真是一片狼藉！”◆My hair's a real mess!我的头发太乱了！  see also messy ⇨ dirty , messy ⇨ untidy ▸ ˌmess sth ˈup

phrasal verb

◆I don't want you messing up my nice clean kitchen.我不想让你弄脏我整洁的厨房。■ clutter [uncountable, singular] (rather informal, disapproving) a lot of things that make a place look untidy, especially when they are not needed or are not being used 杂乱的东西（尤指不需要或无用的）◆There's always so much clutter on your desk!你桌子上总有那么多乱七八糟的东西！◆There was a clutter of bottles, glasses and ashtrays on the table.桌子上胡乱地堆满了瓶子、玻璃杯和烟灰缸。ⓘ Clutter is sth that people often talk about trying to remove. Common collocates of clutter include avoid, get rid of, shed, free sth from and clear sth of. * clutter指人们经常说要扔掉的东西，常见的搭配词有avoid、get rid of、shed、free sth from和clear sth of。   see also cluttered ⇨ untidy ▸ clutter

verb

 [transitive] ◆Don't clutter the page with too many diagrams.别用太多的图表来堆砌版面。◆I don't want all these boxes cluttering up the place.我不想看到那么多盒子乱堆在这个地方。■ jumble [singular] a lot of different things mixed together without any order and in an untidy way 杂乱的一堆；混乱的一团◆The room was a jumble of books, toys and sports equipment.房间里胡乱地堆放着书籍、玩具和运动器械。  see also jumble ⇨ jumble verb , jumbled ⇨ untidy NOTE 辨析 Clutter or jumble? Clutter is a more disapproving term than jumble, which is more simply descriptive. * clutter较jumble贬义更重，jumble仅仅是描述性的。■ disorder [uncountable] (rather formal) a situation in which a place is untidy because there is no order in the way things are arranged 杂乱；混乱；凌乱◆The room was in a state of disorder.房间凌乱不堪。◆He loves tidying up, making order out of disorder.他喜欢整理东西，把杂乱无章的地方拾掇得井井有条。OPP order ⇨ efficiency   see also disordered ⇨ untidy ■ muddle [countable, usually singular, uncountable] a state of confusion in which things are put together without any order and in an untidy way, so that it is difficult to find what you want 混乱；乱七八糟◆My papers are all in a muddle.我的文件混乱不堪。◆My desk was the usual muddle of books, files and papers.我的桌子上像往常一样胡乱地堆满了书籍、卷宗和文件。mess2

noun

 The room was in a mess. 房间杂乱不堪。The economy is in a mess. 经济陷入了困境。  ➡ See also the entry for chaos 另见chaos条mess ♦︎ dilemma ♦︎ plight ♦︎ predicament ♦︎ vicious circle ♦︎ corner ♦︎ straitsThese are all words for a difficult situation. 这些词均表示困境、窘境。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆in a mess / a dilemma / a plight / a predicament / a vicious circle / a corner / ... straits◆a real / terrible mess / dilemma◆(a) dire predicament / straits◆(a) financial mess / dilemma / plight / predicament / straits◆a moral / personal dilemma / predicament◆to find yourself in a dilemma / a predicament / ... straits◆to put sb in a dilemma / predicament◆to be caught in a dilemma / vicious circle■ mess [countable, usually singular] (rather informal) a situation that is full of problems, usually caused by lack of organization or mistakes that sb has made 麻烦，困境，混乱（通常因组织欠佳或人为错误所致）◆The economy is in a mess.经济陷入了困境。◆The whole situation is a mess.整个局势一团糟。◆I feel I've made a mess of things.我觉得我把事情搞糟了。◆Let's try to sort out the mess.咱们来收拾一下残局吧。▸ messy

adjective

◆The divorce was painful and messy.那次离婚令人痛苦而又纠缠不清。■ dilemma dɪˈlemə, daɪˈlemə [countable] a situation which causes problems, often one in which you have to make a very difficult choice between things of equal importance （进退两难的）窘境，困境◆She faced a dilemma about whether to accept the offer or not.她左右为难，不知道是否该接受提议。◆This poses a difficult dilemma for teachers.这给教师造成了进退两难的困境。◆I could see no way of resolving this moral dilemma.我想不出解决这一道德困境的办法。■ plight plaɪt [singular] (especially written) a difficult or sad situation, especially one involving a person or group of people 苦难；困境；苦境◆He has expressed deep concern about the plight of the flood victims.他对洪灾受害者的困境深表关切。◆A neighbour heard of her plight and offered to help.一位邻居听说了她的苦境，主动提出帮忙。■ predicament prɪˈdɪkəmənt [countable] (rather formal) a difficult or unpleasant situation, especially one where it is difficult to know what to do 尴尬的处境；困境；窘境◆Other companies are in an even worse predicament than ourselves.其他公司的处境甚至比我们更糟糕。■ ˌvicious ˈcircle [singular] a situation in which one problem causes another problem which then makes the first problem worse 恶性循环◆He was trapped in a vicious circle of addiction and petty crime.他深陷毒瘾和轻罪的恶性循环。■ corner [countable, usually singular] (rather informal) a difficult situation, especially one which it is difficult to find a way out of （尤指难以找到出路的）困境，窘境◆She was used to talking her way out of tight corners.她惯于凭借口才摆脱困境。◆He had her backed into a corner a couple of times with new facts she didn't know.他用她所不了解的新的事实数次将她逼入困境。■ straits [plural] (always used after an adjective 总是用于形容词后) a very difficult situation, especially caused by lack of money （尤指经济拮据引起的）困境，境况窘迫◆The factory is in dire straits.工厂岌岌可危。◆She found herself in desperate financial straits.她发觉自己的经济状况极为窘迫。

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