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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 825 COCA: 922
maintain
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verb [T] /meɪnˈteɪn/
present tense
I/you/we/theymaintain
he/she/itmaintains
present participlemaintaining
past tensemaintained
past participlemaintained
  1. 1
    to make something stay the same 保持；维持

    Maintaining your current weight through exercise and healthy eating is important. 通过锻炼和健康饮食来保持你目前的体重是很重要的。

    It's sometimes hard to maintain the right balance between your work and your home life. 有时要在工作和家庭生活之间保持恰当的平衡是很难的。

    maintain stability/continuity/the status quo :

    the problem of maintaining social stability in a period of great economic change 在重大经济变革时期维持社会稳定的问题

     Synonyms and related words
    To remain the same, or to keep something the same: maintain, withstand, stabilize...
    1. a.
      to continue to communicate with someone and not allow a relationship to end 保持（联系）
      maintain contact/relations/links :

      Though now in government, he has maintained close contact with his former colleagues in the oil industry. 虽然现在供职于政府，他仍和以前在石油业的同僚保持着密切联系。

       Synonyms and related words
      To be or to not be in contact with someone: hear from, maintain, correspond...
    2. b.
      to make sure that something stays at the same level, rate, or standard 确保

      Some schools experienced difficulty in maintaining staffing levels. 有些学校在保持教职员工水平方面遇到了困难。

      Regular inspections ensure that high safety standards are maintained. 定期检查可确保维持较高的安全标准。

       Synonyms and related words
      To remain the same, or to keep something the same: maintain, withstand, stabilize...
  2. 2
    to make regular repairs to a building, road, vehicle etc so that it stays in good condition 修缮（房屋）；养护（道路）；修理（机器）

    a lovingly maintained houseboat 精心保养的水上住宅

     Synonyms and related words
    To repair something: darn, do up, fix...
    Collocates: maintain
    Adverbs frequently used with maintain
    ▪  beautifully, immaculately, lovingly, poorly, properly
  3. 3
    to continue to say that something is true, even if other people do not believe you 坚持；主张

    The missile system, Bush maintains, will protect the US against so-called rogue states. 布什坚持说导弹系统可以保护美国不受所谓的无赖国家的侵害。

    maintain (that) :

    The company still maintains that the drug is safe. 公司仍然坚持认为这种药是安全的。

    maintain your innocence :

    She maintained her innocence throughout the trial. 在整个庭审过程中她坚称自己是无辜的。

     Synonyms and related words
    To show or agree that something is true: show, prove, point to...
  4. 4
    to provide someone with the money and other things that they need in order to live 赡养；抚养；养活

    He was barely earning enough to maintain himself. 他挣的钱勉强够养活自己。

     Synonyms and related words
    To spend or to pay money: disburse, spend, pay...
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 825 COCA: 922
maintain

verb¹

 1keep sth at the same level使保持在同一水平VERB + MAINTAIN | ADVERB | PHRASES VERB + MAINTAIN➤be anxious to, want to渴望保持；想維持◇We are anxious to maintain our close links with the police.我們渴望與警方保持密切聯繫。➤have to, need to不得不保持；需要維持▸➤strive to, try to努力保持；試圖維持▸➤help (to)有助於保持▸➤be able to能夠保持▸➤be difficult to難以維持◇The government's position became increasingly difficult to maintain.政府的立場越來越難以維持。ADVERB➤indefinitely無限期地維持◇This pace cannot be maintained indefinitely.這樣的速度不可能無限期地保持下去。➤simultaneously同時保持◇They are looking to cut costs while simultaneously maintaining the existing levels of service.他們考慮要在保持現有服務水平的同時降低成本。➤successfully成功保持◇He successfully maintained the financial health of the company.他成功地維持了公司財務的健康運行。➤easily輕鬆保持◇The company has easily maintained its position as the leading brand in the money-transfer business.公司輕鬆保持了在轉賬業務領域的領軍地位。➤generally, largely, normally, typically, usually通常保持；基本維持；一般維持◇Commercial aircraft generally maintain cabin altitudes between 6 000 and 8 000 feet.商務飛機座艙高度通常保持在 6,000 到 8,000 英尺之間。➤actively積極保持PHRASES➤the duty to maintain sth, the need to maintain sth維持⋯的職責／⋯的必要性◇He emphasized the need to maintain the status quo.他強調了保持現狀的必要性。
maintain

verb²

 2keep sth in good condition使保持良好狀態ADVERB | VERB + MAINTAIN | PHRASES ADVERB➤carefully, properly, well細心保養；保養得當；養護得好➤poorly養護得差◇a poorly maintained central heating system養護不力的中央供暖系統VERB + MAINTAIN➤be difficult to難以保養▸➤be easy to容易保養PHRASES➤be responsible for maintaining sth負責保養⋯
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 825 COCA: 922
maintain verb
⇨ maintain 1 (maintain order) ⇨ maintain 2 (a beautifully maintained house) ⇨ provide for sb (maintain a family)maintain1

verb

 maintain law and order 维持治安a beautifully maintained house 养护得很好的房子maintain ♦︎ preserve ♦︎ sustain ♦︎ extend ♦︎ prolong ♦︎ keep sth up ♦︎ keep sth going ♦︎ perpetuate ♦︎ prop sth upThese words all mean to make sth continue at the same level or standard. 这些词均表示维持、保持。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to maintain / preserve / sustain / keep up standards / a relationship◆to maintain / sustain / keep up levels / rates / morale / interest / growth / the momentum◆to keep the momentum going◆to maintain / preserve / sustain / perpetuate a system / myth◆to maintain / preserve / sustain a / an balance / illusion◆to maintain / preserve / keep up a tradition◆to keep a tradition going◆to maintain / sustain / keep up a pretence◆to maintain / preserve anonymity / confidentiality / order / the status quo / your heritage◆to maintain / preserve / sustain / extend / prolong (sb's) life◆to extend / prolong a visit / stay◆to still maintain sth / preserve sth / sustain sth / keep sth up / keep sth going / perpetuate sth / prop sth up◆to maintain / preserve / sustain / prolong sth / keep sth going indefinitely◆to maintain / extend / prolong sth deliberately■ maintain meɪnˈteɪn [transitive] (rather formal) to make sth continue at the same level or standard 维持；保持◆Our principal task is to maintain law and order.我们的主要任务是维持治安。◆The two countries have always maintained close relations.这两个国家一直保持着密切关系。◆ (formal) She maintained a dignified silence.她保持沉默，以示尊严。■ preserve [transitive] (rather formal) to keep a particular quality or feature; to make sure that a quality or feature is kept 保护；维护；保留◆He was anxious to preserve his reputation.他急于维护自己的名声。◆Efforts to preserve the peace have failed.维护和平的努力失败了。◆She managed to preserve her sense of humour under very trying circumstances.她在艰难的环境下依然不失幽默感。■ sustain səˈsteɪn [transitive] (rather formal) to make sth continue for some time at the same level 使保持；使稳定持续◆We are experiencing a period of sustained economic growth.我们正经历一段经济持续增长的时期。◆She had been the victim of a sustained attack.她曾遭受长时间的暴力袭击。◆She managed to sustain everyone's interest until the end of her speech.她使每个人兴趣盎然，一直听她把话讲完。▸ sustainable

adjective

◆sustainable economic growth经济的可持续增长OPP unsustainable NOTE 辨析 Maintain or sustain?In some cases you can use either word. 在有些情况下这两个词可以通用◆to maintain / sustain a balance / a pretence / people's interest / life保持平衡；维持假象；使人们保持兴趣；维持生命 Maintain is used especially to talk about keeping sth at its usual level for an unlimited period of time. * maintain尤指使事物在不受限定的时间内保持惯常的水平◆They believe that the role of the state is to maintain the status quo, rather than to promote major economic and social change.他们认为国家的职能是保持现状，而不是促进经济和社会的重大变革。 Sustain is used more to talk about keeping sth at a higher than usual level for a long but not unlimited period. * sustain较多指使事物在很长但并非无限的时间内保持高于往常的水平◆How long can this level of growth be sustained?这种水平的增长能持续多久？ ■ extend [transitive] (rather formal) to make sth last longer 延长⋯的期限（或寿命）◆They've agreed to extend the deadline.他们同意延长截止期限。◆The show has been extended for another six weeks.展览会又延长了六周。◆Careful maintenance can extend the life of your car by several years.精心保养可使汽车寿命延长几年。   see also extended ⇨ long adj. ▸ extension

noun

 [countable] ◆He's been granted an extension of the contract for another year.他的合同获得延期一年。■ prolong prəˈlɒŋ; NAmE prəˈlɔːŋ, prəˈlɑːŋ [transitive] (rather formal) to make sth last longer 延长⋯的期限（或寿命）◆The operation could prolong his life by two or three years.这次手术可使他多活两三年。◆Don't prolong the agony (= of not knowing sth) －just tell us who won!别卖关子了－快说谁赢了！   see also prolonged ⇨ long adj. NOTE 辨析 Extend or prolong? Extend is used especially in business contexts. * extend尤用于商务语境◆to extend a deadline / an overdraft / a trip / a visa / a right / a mandate延长截止期限；提供透支；延长旅行／签证／权利／任期 Prolong is more often used to talk about making experiences last longer. * prolong较多指延长经历◆to prolong your stay / visit / life / survival / agony / misery延长逗留时间／访问／生命／生存时间／痛苦／不幸 ■ ˌkeep sth ˈup

phrasal verb

(kept, kept)to make sth stay at a high level; to continue to use or practise sth 使⋯保持在高水平；沿用；沿袭；保持◆The high cost of raw materials is keeping prices up.昂贵的原料费用使价格居高不下。◆They sang songs to keep their spirits up.他们唱歌以保持高昂的情绪。◆We try to keep up the old customs.我们尽量保持这些老习俗。◆Do you still keep up your Spanish?你还坚持说西班牙语吗？■ ˌkeep sth ˈgoing

phrase

(kept, kept) (rather informal, especially spoken) to make an effort to make a process, activity or tradition continue to happen or exist 使（进程、活动或传统）维持下去◆We have a chance of winning the championship as long as we can keep the momentum going (= keep playing at the same high level).我们只要能保持这个势头就有机会夺冠。■ perpetuate pəˈpetʃueɪt; NAmE pərˈpetʃueɪt [transitive] (formal) to make sth such as a bad situation or a belief continue for a long time 使（恶劣局面或信念等）持久化（或持续）◆This new law just serves to perpetuate inequality.这项新法律只会持续造成不平等。◆This system perpetuated itself for several centuries.这一制度维持了几个世纪。◆Comics and books for children tend to perpetuate the myth that 'boys don't cry'.儿童连环画和图书往往在延续着“男儿有泪不轻弹”的固有观念。ⓘ Typical collocates of perpetuate are inequality, myth, stereotype and system. * perpetuate的常见搭配词有inequality、myth、stereotype和system。■ ˌprop sth ˈup

phrasal verb

(-pp-) (often disapproving, especially business 尤用于商业) to help sth that is having difficulties, when it might be better to let it fail and use your resources for sth else 帮助，扶持，救济（本该任其败落的事物）◆The government was accused of propping up declining industries.人们指责政府贴补日趋衰落的产业。ⓘ Prop sth up is used most often in financial contexts. * prop sth up最常用于金融语境◆to prop up the economy / exchange value of sterling / pound / dollar / stockmarket扶持经济；维持英镑／美元的汇兑价值；救助股市 maintain2

verb

 maintain law and order 维持治安a beautifully maintained house 养护得很好的房子maintain ♦︎ preserve ♦︎ service ♦︎ keep sth upThese words all mean to keep sth in good condition. 这些词均表示保养、维护。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to maintain / preserve a house◆to maintain / service a / an car / appliance◆to have / keep sth maintained / preserved / serviced◆sth is well / fully maintained / preserved / serviced◆sth is regularly maintained / serviced◆sth is maintained / preserved intact■ maintain meɪnˈteɪn [transitive] to keep sth such as a building or machine in good condition by checking or repairing it regularly 维修；保养◆The house is large and difficult to maintain.房子很大，难以养护。◆The grounds are beautifully maintained.庭院养护得很好。  see also maintenance ⇨ repair noun ■ preserve [transitive, often passive] to keep sth in its original state in good condition 维持⋯的原状；保存；保养◆Three miles away is a perfectly preserved stretch of Roman road.3英里以外是一段保存完好的古罗马公路。◆ (humorous) Is he really 60? He's remarkably well preserved.他真有60岁吗？他真会保养啊。▸ preservation

noun

 [uncountable] ◆building / environmental preservation建筑物的保养；环境保护■ service [transitive, usually passive] to examine a vehicle or machine and repair it if necessary so that it continues to work correctly 检修；维护；保养◆We need to have the car serviced.我们得把车送去检修一下了。◆Gas appliances should be regularly serviced.燃气器具应该定期检修。  see also service , servicing ⇨ repair noun ■ ˌkeep sth ˈup

phrasal verb

to take care of a place, house or garden so that it stays in good condition 保养，维护（场地、房屋或花园）◆We can't stay in this house－we simply don't have the money to keep it up.我们不能住在这栋房子里，我们根本负担不起维护费。   see also upkeep ⇨ repair noun

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