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TOEFL BNC: 2743 COCA: 2865
proof
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noun /pruːf/
singularproof
pluralproofs
  1. 1
    [C/U] information or evidence that shows that something is definitely true or definitely exists 证据；证物；证词
    proof of :

    We were unable to establish proof of her innocence. 我们无法找到证明她无罪的证据。

    Do you have any proof of identity (=a document such as a passport that proves who you are)? 你有身份证明吗？

    proof that :

    Do you have any proof that this is true? 你有证据证明这是真的吗？

     Synonyms and related words
    Proof and evidence: evidence, sign, suggestion...
    Collocates: proof
    Adjectives frequently used with proof
    ▪  ample, clear, conclusive, final, further, irrefutable, scientific, sufficient, tangible
  2. 2
    [U] a standard for measuring the strength of an alcoholic drink （酒的）标准酒精度
     Synonyms and related words
    Relating to or associated with drinking alcohol: AA, abuse, Al-Anon...
  3. 3
    [C] [usually plural] a copy of a book or article that someone reads and corrects before the final copy is made 校样
     Synonyms and related words
    Relating to writing and editing: authorial, authorship, censorship...
Get It Right!: proof
When proof means ‘information that proves something', it is almost always an uncountable noun, and so:
▪  it rarely comes after a or a number
▪  it is rarely used in the plural
✗ The fact that science never stops developing is a proof that man never stops using his imagination.
✓ The fact that science never stops developing is proof that man never stops using his imagination.
✗ There are no proofs that homosexual couples are not able to bring up healthy, stable children.
✓ There is no proof that homosexual couples are not able to bring up healthy, stable children.
The countable noun proof (usually found in the plural) is a technical word for a copy of a book or article which has to be checked before being printed:
The corrected proofs have been delivered to the printer.
proof
adjective /pruːf/
  1. if something is proof against someone or something, it is not affected or damaged by them 防…的；耐…的；抗…的
     Synonyms and related words
    Safe and harmless: safe, harmless, secure...
proof
verb [T] /pruːf/
present tense
I/you/we/theyproof
he/she/itproofs
present participleproofing
past tenseproofed
past participleproofed
  1. 1
    to protect something from being affected or damaged by something else 保护…免受影响（或损害）

    a proofed cotton raincoat 防水的棉质雨衣

     Synonyms and related words
    To protect or defend someone or something: protect, defend, save...
  2. 2
    informal to proofread 校对
     Synonyms and related words
    Editing, adapting and proofreading: abridge, adapt, append...
TOEFL BNC: 2743 COCA: 2865
proof

noun

ADJECTIVE | VERB + PROOF | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤clear, convincing, direct, good, positive, real清楚的／令人信服的／直接的／有力的／明確的／確鑿的證據◇Do you have positive proof that she took the money?你有確鑿證據證明她拿了那些錢嗎？◇I have no real proof that he was in the country at the time.我沒有可靠的證據證明當時他在該國。➤concrete, empirical, solid, tangible具體的／經驗的／確鑿的／實物證據➤absolute, conclusive, definitive, incontrovertible, irrefutable絕對的／結論性的／決定性的／無可辯駁的／不容置疑的證據▸➤ample, sufficient充足的證據▸➤further進一步的證據▸➤final, ultimate最終的證據◇The photo was final proof of her husband's infidelity.這張照片最終證明了她丈夫的不忠。➤documentary, written書面證據➤photographic詳細準確的證據▸➤legal法律證據▸➤scientific科學證據➤formal, mathematical正式的／嚴密的證據▸➤living活生生的證明◇I am living proof that the treatment works.我是這一治療有效的活生生的證明。VERB + PROOF➤be, constitute是證據；構成證據▸➤have有證據▸➤give sb, offer (sb), present (sb with), produce, provide (sb with), show (sb)（向某人）提供證據；出示證明▸➤find, get, obtain, see找到／得到／獲得／看到證據▸➤need, require需要證據➤demand, want要求／想要證據PREPOSITION➤without proof沒有證據◇He is unlikely to make wild accusations without proof.沒有證據他不可能胡亂指控。➤proof of⋯的證據◇Her account gives us no concrete proof of his guilt.她的敍述並不能成為證明他有罪的確鑿證據。PHRASES➤the burden of proof, the onus of proof舉證責任◇The burden of proof lies on us to prove negligence.證明對方犯有疏忽罪的舉證責任落在我們身上。➤a lack of proof缺乏證據◇The men were acquitted for lack of proof.因為證據不足，這些人被宣告無罪。➤proof of identity, proof of purchase身分證明；購買憑證◇Proof of purchase must be provided before a refund can be made.退款前必須提供購買憑證。➤a standard of proof (law法律) 舉證標準◇Civil proceedings require a lower standard of proof than criminal cases.民事訴訟比刑事案件的舉證標準低。
TOEFL BNC: 2743 COCA: 2865
proof noun
⇨ evidence

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