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rough rough
informal rough rough
★
★
★
adjective 
/rʌf/
/rʌf/ | adjective | rough |
| comparative | rougher |
| superlative | roughest |
- 1with a surface that is not smooth （表面）不平滑的，粗糙的
The walls were built of dark rough stone. 墙壁是由黑色粗质石头砌成的。
Hessian provides warm colour and a rough homespun texture. 粗麻布色调温暖且具有家纺布料的粗糙质地。
Synonyms and related wordsNot smooth: rough, uneven, coarse...- a.used about the surface of a lake, river, or sea that has a lot of waves, often because the weather is bad （湖面、河面或海面）波涛汹涌的，巨浪翻滚的
Rough seas prevented rescuers from approaching the ship. 波涛汹涌的大海使救援人员无法靠近该船。
Synonyms and related wordsWords used to describe areas of water: briny, calm, choppy... - b.used about land and roads that are difficult to travel on （地面和路面）不平坦的，颠簸的，崎岖的
They covered the 30 miles of rough terrain in record time. 他们以创纪录的速度通过了30英里的崎岖路面。
Synonyms and related wordsRoad surfaces and features: asphalt, bitumen, blacktop...
-
- 2informal difficult and with a lot of problems 困难的；艰难的；艰巨的
I had a rough day at the office. 我这一天在办公室里很不顺利。
a rough time :You've been through rough times, you know what it is like. 你经历过艰难时期，你知道它的滋味。
a rough patch (=a difficult period) 困难时期 :They were going through a rough patch in their relationship. 他们的关系正处于困难时期。
a rough night (=a night when you cannot sleep) 不眠之夜 :I feel terrible – I had a rough night last night. 我感觉很难受，昨晚我度过了一个不眠之夜。
Synonyms and related wordsNot pleasant and enjoyable: unpleasant, bad, awful... - 3not gentle 粗暴的；粗鲁的；粗野的
Don't be so rough with her, James. She's only a baby. 别对她那么凶，詹姆斯，她只是个婴儿。
Synonyms and related wordsUnfriendly: unfriendly, cold, hostile... - 4a rough place is not pleasant because there is a lot of crime or violence there （地方）犯罪率高的，暴力活动猖獗的
Madeline grew up in a rough neighbourhood. 马德琳在一个暴力活动猖獗的社区长大。
That's a pretty rough bar. 那是个非常混乱的酒吧。
Synonyms and related wordsNot pleasant and enjoyable: unpleasant, bad, awful... - 5a rough drawing or piece of writing is not completely finished （图或文章）粗略的，初步的
This is a rough drawing of the house I want to build. 这是我想要建造的房子的草图。
rough draft :Here is a rough draft for you to read. 这是一份草稿，你来看看。
Synonyms and related wordsWords used to describe writing or speech style: articulate, be couched in something, chatty...- a.used about an object that is not made very well, or is not completely finished （物品）不完善的，未完成的Synonyms and related wordsNot finished and incomplete: light-touch, incomplete, unfinished...
- b.a rough idea or guess is not detailed or exact （想法、猜测）粗略的，大致的，不精确的
I don't know the precise cost, but I can give you a rough idea. 我不知道确切的花费，但我可以大概告诉你一下。
Synonyms and related wordsWords used to describe descriptions: 101, blow-by-blow, broad...Synonyms and related wordsInexact and inaccurate: incorrect, inexact, wrong...
-
- 6a rough voice is not soft and is unpleasant to listen to （声音）粗哑的，不悦耳的Synonyms and related wordsWords used to describe someone's voice: adenoidal, appealing, a voice like a foghorn...
- 7British informal if someone feels rough, they do not feel well 身体不适的；难受的Synonyms and related wordsFeeling and being unhealthy or ill: ill, frail, unfit...
- From our crowdsourced Open Dictionary8rough around the edges imperfect, having flaws, unkemptSubmitted by Boris Marchenko from Russian Federation on 13/03/2018
Your essay needs perfecting. It is still rough around the edges.
phrases
derived word
roughness
noun [U] Synonyms and related words
Cruel, selfish and unkind behaviour or actions: cruelty, evil, abuse...
Synonyms and related words
Not smooth: rough, uneven, coarse...
See also
- roughly
verb /rʌf/
/rʌf/ | present tense | |
| I/you/we/they | rough |
| he/she/it | roughs |
| present participle | roughing |
| past tense | roughed |
| past participle | roughed |
phrase
-
rough it
informalto live without things that you usually live with, for example water or electricity 因陋就简地生活；凑合着生活Let's rough it and go camping. 我们就凑合点儿，去露营吧。
Synonyms and related words
phrasal verbs
rough out
[T]| present tense | |
| I/you/we/they | rough out |
| he/she/it | roughs out |
| present participle | roughing out |
| past tense | roughed out |
| past participle | roughed out |
to produce a drawing or piece of writing without including all the details 画出（草图）；写出（草稿）
Synonyms and related words
To write or give a summary: summarize, sum up, outline...
Synonyms and related words
To create images on paper and canvas: draw, paint, sketch...
rough up
[T]| present tense | |
| I/you/we/they | rough up |
| he/she/it | roughs up |
| present participle | roughing up |
| past tense | roughed up |
| past participle | roughed up |
to physically attack someone 殴打（某人）；对（某人）动粗
They roughed us up and took away our equipment. 他们打了我们一顿，还抢走了我们的设备。
Synonyms and related words
To attack a person or object: attack, assault, set on...
noun /rʌf/
/rʌf/ | singular | rough |
| plural | roughs |
- 1[singular] the part of a golf course where the grass is tall and not cut （高尔夫球场的）深草区Synonyms and related wordsGolf: ace, backswing, birdie...
- 2[C] a piece of writing or a drawing that is not finished 草稿；草图Synonyms and related wordsDocuments and types of document: annual report, blue book, certificate...
adverb /rʌf/
/rʌf/ | comparative | rougher |
| superlative | roughest |
phrase
-
sleep/live rough
Britishif you sleep or live rough, you sleep or live outside （睡觉、生活）露天地An increasing number of young people are sleeping rough in London. 伦敦越来越多的年轻人露天睡觉。
Synonyms and related wordsThe homeless and homelessness: bag lady, bagman, the Big Issue...
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