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IELTS BNC: 342 COCA: 550
cost

noun¹

1money needed to buy sth費用ADJECTIVE | VERB + COST | COST + VERB | COST + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVEconsiderable, high相當大的/高額的費用The high cost of energy was a problem for consumers.能源費用高對消費者來說是一個問題。enormous, exorbitant, huge, prohibitive巨大的/極高的/巨額的/令人望而卻步的費用The cost of repairs would be prohibitive.修理費會高得令人卻步。low, minimal低費用;最低費用escalating, increasing, rising, soaring, spiralling/spiraling不斷上漲的/不斷增加的/上升的/飛漲的/連續上漲的費用basic基本費用full, overall, total全部費用;總花銷You will have to bear the full cost of the work.你得承擔這項工作的全部費用。added, additional, extra追加費用;額外費用She was unwilling to pay the extra cost to get a room to herself.她不願意多付錢自己住一個房間。associated相關費用hidden隱藏的費用average平均花費A total of 3.6 million tickets at an average cost of $58 are available.比賽共有 360 萬張票供出售,平均每張 58 美元。gross, net總費用;淨花費budgeted, estimated, projected預算/估計的/預期費用likely, potential可能的/潛在的花費real, true實際費用annual, monthly, etc.每年、每月等的費用replacement更換費用What is the current replacement cost of these assets?現在更換這些資產的成本是多少?marginal (business商業) 邊際成本Competition will drive the price down near to the marginal cost (= the cost of the work and materials to produce the product).競爭將把售價壓至接近邊際成本。per-unit, unit (= the cost of producing one item) (business商業) 單位成本initial, upfront先期/預付費用capital, start-up (both business商業) 資本/啟動成本The capital cost of these projects (= what it costs to set them up) is some $100 million.這些項目的資本成本大約是 1 億美元。direct, indirect直接/間接成本VERB + COSTcarry, have需要/包含⋯費用The entire project carries a cost of $2 million.整個工程需要 200 萬美元的費用。bear, cover, meet, pay承擔費用;支付費用Contractors can now be required to carry the cost of delays.現在可以要求承包商承擔延誤費。Allow €100 per day to cover the cost of meals.每天留出 100 歐元來支付餐費。Delegates receive allowances to meet the cost of travel.代表有差旅費津貼。drive up, increase, push up推高/增加/提高費用Inflation is pushing up the cost of living.通貨膨脹推高了生活成本。bring down, cut, decrease, drive down, lower, reduce, slash減少費用;削減費用;降低花費keep down壓低費用estimate, put估計費用I would put the cost of a new employee at $80 000 a year.我估計雇一名新員工的費用為一年 8 萬美元。calculate, work out計算/算出花費afford負擔得起花費spread分攤費用You can spread the cost of your loan repayment over 10 years.你可以將貸款分 10 年償還。reimburse償還費用offset抵消費用share, subsidize分擔/補貼費用COST + VERBescalate, go up, increase, rise, soar費用逐步上漲/上升/增加/上漲/猛增The cost of dental treatment is increasing.治牙的費用在上漲。fall, go down費用下跌/降低COST + NOUNreduction, savings費用的降低/節省the pursuit of cost reduction力求降低費用increase費用的增加containment, control成本遏制/控制overrun費用超支There were cost overruns on each project.每個工程都有超支的費用。estimate成本概算advantage成本優勢structure成本結構base成本基礎It is essential that we operate with the lowest possible cost base and most efficient facilities.我們要以盡可能低的成本基礎和最有效的設備來運營,這一點至關重要。accounting成本會計PREPOSITIONat a cost of以⋯的費用A new computer system has been installed at a cost of £80 000.一個新的計算機系統已經安裝完成,費用為 8 萬英鎊。cost to⋯需承擔的花費The cost to the government will be quite high.政府花費會相當高。PHRASESan increase in cost, a reduction in cost費用的上升/降低at great cost, at a great cost to sth以高額費用;以⋯的高額費用The victory was achieved at great cost to the country's infrastrucure.這一勝利是在國家投入高額基礎設施費用的基礎上實現的。at minimal cost, at a minimal cost to sth以最少的費用;以⋯的最少費用Now people can access the Internet at minimal cost.現在人們可以以極低的費用上網。at no extra cost無額外費用The hotel offers tea and coffee at no extra cost.酒店供應茶和咖啡,不另收費。the cost of living生活成本The cost of living has risen sharply in the last year.去年生活成本急劇上漲。cost per day, unit, child, etc.每日、每個單位、每個孩子等的費用the cost per day for an electrician雇用一名電工的每日費用
cost

noun²

2costs money needed to run a business, home, etc.成本;開支ADJECTIVE | VERB + COSTS | COSTS + VERB ADJECTIVEconsiderable, enormous, great, high, huge相當高的成本;巨額成本;高成本low低成本escalating, increasing, rising, soaring, spiralling/spiraling不斷上漲的/不斷增加的/上升的/飛漲的/連續上漲的成本We have had to raise our prices because of rising costs.因為成本不斷上漲,我們不得不提高價格。administration, administrative, borrowing, construction, development, fuel, labour/labor, maintenance, manufacturing, production, research行政開支;借款成本;建設成本;開發成本;燃料開支;勞動力成本;維修成本;製造成本;生產成本;研究成本research and development costs研發成本operating, running運營成本shipping, transport, transportation, travel運輸成本;差旅費health-care, medical保健/醫療開支fixed, variable (business商業) 固定/可變成本Fixed costs include rent.固定成本包括租金。out-of-pocket付現成本overhead間接費用VERB + COSTSincur產生費用The corporation will pay all costs and expenses incurred.公司將支付產生的所有費用。pay支付費用increase增加成本bring down, cut, lower, reduce減少成本;降低成本The company has to find ways of cutting costs.公司得找到削減成本的方法。control, keep down, minimize控制/降低/盡可能降低成本The use of cheap materials helped to keep costs down.使用廉價原料有助於降低成本。cover支付費用We're hoping that we'll at least cover costs at the conference.我們希望至少能付得起會議的開支。recoup, recover收回成本defray支付費用COSTS + VERBbe associated, be involved開支與⋯相關/有關the costs associated with buying and selling property與資產買賣有關的開支escalate, go up, increase, rise, soar成本逐步上漲/上升/增加/上漲/猛增The company's costs have risen over the last 5 years.公司成本在過去 5 年裏上漲了。
cost

noun³

3effort/loss/damage to achieve sth代價ADJECTIVE | VERB + COST | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVEconsiderable, enormous, great, heavy, huge相當大的代價;高昂的代價;沉重的代價They advanced a few hundred yards, but at a heavy cost in life.他們推進了幾百碼,但是人員傷亡十分慘重。dreadful, terrible可怕的代價the terrible cost of the war in death and suffering這場戰爭造成的死亡與苦難的可怕代價real, true實際的代價environmental, financial, human, personal, political, social環境/金錢/人力/個人/政治/社會代價the environmental cost of nuclear power核動力的環境代價VERB + COSToutweigh大於損耗Do the benefits outweigh the costs?收益是否大於損耗?suffer (especially NAmE) 蒙受損失The country has suffered the enormous cost of trade sanctions.該國蒙受了貿易制裁所造成的巨大損失。count計算損失The town is now counting the cost of its failure to provide adequate flood protection.鎮裏目前正在計算由於防洪不力而導致的損失。PREPOSITIONat cost (to), at a cost (to)以(⋯的)代價He worked non-stop for three months, at considerable cost to his health.他連續不斷地工作了 3 個月,健康受到很大損害。The raid was foiled, but at a cost: an injured officer who was lucky to survive.襲擊被挫敗了,但也付出了代價:一名警察受了傷,所幸沒有生命危險。at the cost of以⋯為代價She saved him from the fire but at the cost of her own life.她從火中把他救了出來,卻犧牲了自己的生命。cost in⋯方面的代價I felt a need to please people, whatever the cost in time and energy.我覺得需要讓大家滿意,耗費多少時間和精力都在所不惜。PHRASEScosts and benefits代價和好處the costs and benefits of this strategy這一戰略的代價和好處at all costs, at any cost不惜一切代價You must stop the press finding out at all costs.你必須不惜一切代價防止媒體發現真相。to your cost付出代價He's a ruthless businessman, as I know to my cost (= I know from my own bad experience).我吃了苦頭後才知道他是個無情的商人。
cost

noun⁴

4costs in a court case訴訟ADJECTIVE | VERB + COSTS ADJECTIVEcourt, legal訴訟費用administrative行政訴訟費用VERB + COSTSincur產生訴訟費用Both sides incurred costs of over $50 000.雙方須付 5 萬多美元的訴訟費用。pay支付訴訟費He was fined £200 and ordered to pay costs.他被罰款 200 英鎊,並被勒令承擔訴訟費用。be awarded免付訴訟費用If you win your case you will normally be awarded costs.如果你贏了官司,通常訴訟費用由對方承擔。
cost

verb

ADVERB | PREPOSITION ADVERBfully, properly充分/準確估計成本The project has not been properly costed yet.這項工程的成本還沒有被準確估算出來。PREPOSITIONat花費估計為⋯The project was costed at €6 million.這個項目的花費估計為 600 萬歐元。

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