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IELTS BNC: 124 COCA: 201
government
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noun /ˈɡʌvə(r)nmənt/
singulargovernment
pluralgovernments
  1. 1
    [C/U] the people who control a country, region, or town and make decisions about its laws and taxes: followed by a singular or plural verb 政府（后接动词的单数或复数形式）

    The government has announced plans to raise the minimum wage next year. 政府已经公布了在下一年提高最低工资的计划。

    a democratically elected government 民主选举的政府

    under a government (=during the government of a particular party) 在（某政党）执政期间 :

    Under the Conservative government things were very different. 在保守党执政时期情况大不一样。

     Synonyms and related words
    Groups of government officials: apparatus, assembly, bureaucracy...
    1. a.
      the members of the main political party in a parliament, or the members of the cabinet (=the group of politicians with the most important jobs) in a system with a parliament （议会中的）主要政党成员；内阁成员
      form a government (=choose the people who will have the most important jobs in the government) 组阁；组成政府 :

      The party with an overall majority is then asked to form a government. 获得压倒性多数票的政党将被要求组阁。

      coalition government (=in which members of different parties have important jobs in the government) 联合政府 :

      The Social Democrat Party is threatening to leave the coalition government. 社会民主党威胁说要离开联合政府。

       Synonyms and related words
      Groups of government officials: apparatus, assembly, bureaucracy...
    2. b.
      [only before noun] relating to a government, especially a national government （尤指一国）政府的

      government employees 政府公务员

       Synonyms and related words
      Systems of government and types of government: absolutism, anarchy, autarky...
    Usage note: government
    In British English, government can be used with a singular or plural verb. You can say The government is unpopular or The government are unpopular.
  2. 2
    [U] the process, method, or effects of governing 统治；管理

    I'm not sure these reforms will necessarily lead to more effective government. 我并不确信这些改革一定会带来更有效的管理。

     Synonyms and related words
    General words relating to politics and government: administration, affairs, the corridors (of power)...
See also
IELTS BNC: 124 COCA: 201
government

noun¹

 1people in control of a country統治國家的人ADJECTIVE | VERB + GOVERNMENT | GOVERNMENT + VERB | GOVERNMENT + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤central, federal, local, national, provincial, regional, state中央政府；聯邦政府；地方政府；全國政府；省政府；區政府；州政府▸➤Conservative, Democratic, Labour, Republican, etc.保守黨、民主黨、工黨、共和黨等政府◇the country's new Communist government該國的共產黨新政府➤left-wing, right-wing左翼／右翼政府▸➤coalition聯合政府▸➤minority少數派政府◇The socialists won 42% of the seats and formed a minority government.社會黨贏得了 42% 的席位，組建了少數政府。➤caretaker, interim, provisional, transitional看守政府；臨時政府；過渡政府◇The president dissolved the assembly and swore in an interim government.總統解散了議會，宣佈成立臨時政府。➤military軍政府▸➤puppet傀儡政府▸➤foreign外國政府▸➤French, Western, etc.法國、西方等政府◇The report on world poverty calls for urgent action from Western governments.關於世界貧困狀況的報告呼籲西方政府採取緊急行動。➤current, future, new現政府；將來的政府；新政府VERB + GOVERNMENT➤elect選舉政府◇The present government was elected last year.現政府是去年選出的。➤establish, form建立／組建政府◇A new government was formed in September of that year.新政府是那年 9 月成立的。➤install使政府上任◇A puppet government was installed as the occupying forces withdrew.佔領軍撤退時安插了一個傀儡政府。➤swear in使政府宣誓就職▸➤head, run領導政府；執掌國務◇a new government headed by a former military leader由前軍隊首腦領導的新政府➤bring down, destabilize, oust, overthrow, topple使政府垮台；動搖政府；罷黜政府；推翻政府；顛覆政府◇This crisis could bring down the British government.這次危機可能會使英國現政府下台。◇The group aims to overthrow the military government.這個團體以推翻軍政府為目標。➤support支持政府GOVERNMENT + VERB➤come to power政府上台▸➤take office政府就任◇On May 23 a coalition government took office.5 月 23 日聯合政府就任。➤fall, resign政府垮台／辭職◇a national emergency that could cause the government to fall可能導致政府垮台的全國性緊急狀態➤announce sth政府宣佈⋯◇The government announced the cancellation of the dam project.政府宣佈取消大壩工程。➤introduce sth, launch sth政府實施⋯／啟動⋯GOVERNMENT + NOUN➤agency, body, department政府機構／機關／部門▸➤building, offices政府大樓／辦公樓▸➤funds, money政府基金／資金▸➤aid, assistance, backing, funding, grant, subsidy, support政府援助／扶助／支持／撥款／資助／津貼／扶持▸➤expenditure, spending政府開支▸➤cuts政府開支削減◇The hospital has been hit by government cuts.醫院受到政府削減開支的衝擊。➤control, regulation政府控制／調控▸➤intervention, involvement政府干涉／介入◇calls for government intervention in the dispute要求政府介入糾紛的呼籲➤employee, minister, official, representative, spokesman, spokesperson政府雇員／部長／官員／代表／發言人▸➤sources官方消息◇According to government sources, two people died in the incident.據官方報道，這起事件中有兩人死亡。➤figures, statistics政府數字；官方統計▸➤post政府公告▸➤reshuffle (especially BrE) 政府改組◇The former minister was relieved of his post in last month's extensive government reshuffle.在上個月的政府全面改組中，前任部長被解職了。➤decisions, legislation, measures, plans, policy, programme/program, proposals政府決議／立法／措施／計劃／政策／綱要／提案▸➤service公職；政府服務▸➤report政府報道▸➤propaganda政府宣傳PREPOSITION➤in government執政◇a problem facing whichever party is in government任何黨派執政均需面對的問題➤under a/the government在政府領導下◇measures that were introduced under the last government上屆政府採取的措施PHRASES➤a change in government, a change of government政府的更迭◇It is time we had a change of government.該是換個政府的時候了。➤the government of the day時任政府◇This was a decision taken by the government of the day.這一決定是當時的政府作出的。➤a member of a government政府成員◇The president has been meeting members of the French government.總統一直在會見法國政府官員。
government

noun²

 2act of governing管治ADJECTIVE➤democratic, representative民主統治；代議政體▸➤firm, good, strong嚴格的治理；完善的管理；強有力的管理◇We need strong government to take the country through this crisis.我們需要靠強有力的政府管理使國家渡過這次危機。➤weak無力的統治➤big, small大政府；小政府◇The era of big government may be over.大政府時代或許結束了。◇We believe in low taxation and small government.我們支持低稅收和小政府。
IELTS BNC: 124 COCA: 201
government noun
⇨ government 1 (the British government) ⇨ government 2 (strong government)government1

noun

 the British government 英国政府strong government 严厉的统治government ♦︎ administration ♦︎ regime ♦︎ cabinet ♦︎ reign ♦︎ parliament ♦︎ the executiveThese are all words for a group of people who govern a country or the period for which they govern. 这些词均表示政府、内阁或其任期。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆under a government / an administration / a regime / sb's reign◆the former / previous / current government / administration / regime◆the central / local / national government / administration◆a left-wing / right-wing / communist / fascist government / administration / regime◆a / an authoritarian / totalitarian / repressive / military / revolutionary government / regime◆to elect a government / an administration◆to form a government / an administration / a cabinet◆to bring down / overthrow a government / an administration / a regime◆a government / an administration / a regime comes to power◆a government / an administration takes office / is in office■ government [countable + singular or plural verb] ( often 常作 the government [singular]) the group of people who are responsible for controlling a country or state 政府；内阁◆The government has been considering further tax cuts.政府一直在考虑进一步减税的问题。◆She has resigned from the government.她已辞去内阁职位。◆The interests of the state should not be confused with the interests of the government of the day (= the people in government at a particular time).不应混淆国家利益和当时政府的利益。  see also govern ⇨ rule verb 1 ■ administration [countable + singular or plural verb] the government of a country; the period for which it governs 政府；政府的任期◆The current administration will remain in office until elections in November.现任政府仍将执政，直至11月的选举为止。◆He was Secretary of Education in Bush's first administration (= first period as president).他是布什政府第一任期的教育部长。NOTE 辨析 Government or administration? Administration is used especially about a government that is led by a president, and especially the US government. It usually refers to the government of a particular president or the period for which this lasts. * administration尤指总统领导的政府，尤其是美国政府，常指某总统领导的政府或其任期◆during / under the Reagan / Clinton / Bush Administration里根／克林顿／布什执政时期◆during/under the Reagan/Clinton/Bush government It is not usually used to refer to the institution or process of government which remains the same while presidents and administrations change. * administration通常不指政府机构或办事程序，因为机构或程序不随总统及政权的更迭而改变◆Approximately 2.7 million people are employed by the federal government.联邦政府雇用了大约2 700万人。◆employed by the federal administration In countries where the government is led by a prime minister, with more limited powers than a president－especially the United Kingdom－the word government is usually preferred. * government较常指首相领导的政府，尤其是英国政府。这些政府里，首相的权力比总统小◆the Thatcher / Major / Blair / Brown government撒切尔／梅杰／布莱尔／布朗政府◆government employees政府职员To use the word administration after the name of the prime minister can sometimes suggest disapproval of the prime minister for trying to act like a president. 在首相名字后使用administration有时具有贬义，暗指其欲像总统般行事。 ■ regime reɪˈʒiːm [countable] the government of a country, especially one that has not been elected in a fair way （尤指未通过公正选举的）政权，政体◆She was imprisoned because of her opposition to the regime.她因反对该政权而入狱。◆They are investigating human rights abuses under the previous military regime.他们正在调查前军事政权侵犯人权的情况。  see also leadership ⇨ management ■ cabinet ( Cabinet) ˈkæbɪnət [countable + singular or plural verb] a group of the most important government ministers, or advisers to a president, responsible for advising and deciding on government policy 内阁◆Several cabinet ministers have been implicated in the scandal.几个内阁部长卷入了丑闻之中。◆The issue was discussed at yesterday's cabinet meeting.昨天的内阁会议讨论了这个问题。◆She lost her position as Health Minister in a recent cabinet reshuffle (= change).在最近的内阁改组中，她丢掉了卫生部长的位子。◆He is a member of the Shadow Cabinet (= senior politicians of the party not in government).他是影子内阁的成员。■ reign reɪn [countable] the period during which a king, queen, emperor, etc. rules 君主统治时期◆The house was built during the reign of Henry VIII.那栋房子是亨利八世统治时期建造的。◆By the end of his reign, the vast empire was in decline.在他统治末期，庞大的帝国走向衰落。   see also reign ⇨ rule verb 1 ■ parliament [countable, uncountable] a period during which a parliament is working; parliament as it exists between one general election and the next 一届议会的任期；（两次大选之间的）一届议会◆We are now into the second half of the parliament.我们现已进入本届议会的后半任期。◆The prime minister unexpectedly dissolved parliament (= formally ended its activities) and called a general election.首相突然解散了议会并下令举行大选。◆The legislation is expected to be introduced early in the next session of parliament.那部法规预计会在议会的下次会期早些时候提交讨论。   see also parliament ⇨ assembly ■ the executive the part of a government responsible for putting laws into effect （政府的）行政部门◆The constitution calls for a separation of the powers of the executive, the legislature and the judiciary.宪法要求行政机关、立法机关和司法机关权力分离。   see also legislature ⇨ assembly government2

noun

 the British government 英国政府strong government 严厉的统治government ♦︎ management ♦︎ leadership ♦︎ regulation ♦︎ administration ♦︎ supervision ♦︎ directionThese are all words for the activity of running or controlling a business or organization, or of governing a country. 这些词均表示对企业、机构或国家的管理、管治。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆leadership / supervision / direction from sb◆regulation / supervision by sb◆under the management / leadership / administration / supervision / direction of sb◆(to be / work, etc.) in government / management / administration◆good government / management / leadership / administration◆firm / strong government / management / leadership / direction◆effective government / management / leadership / regulation / administration / supervision / direction◆weak government / management / leadership◆poor management / leadership / regulation / administration / supervision◆day-to-day government / management / administration / supervision◆general management / regulation / administration / supervision◆government regulation / administration / supervision / direction◆to be responsible for the management / regulation / administration / supervision of sth◆to take over the management / leadership / administration■ government [uncountable] the activity of controlling a country; the way in which a country is controlled （一国的）统治，治理；统治方式；管理方式◆The Nationalists had been in government for most of the 1980s.20世纪80年代的大部分时间都是民族主义者执政。◆Democratic government has now replaced military rule.民主政府现已取代军事统治。  see also govern ⇨ rule verb 1 ■ management [uncountable] the activity of running and controlling a business or other organization; the way in which it is run 经营；管理；管理方式◆She studied hotel management in Munich.她在慕尼黑学过酒店管理。◆The report blames bad management.那份报告将问题归咎于管理不善。◆The company's top-down management style made decision-making slow.该公司最高层决策一切的管理风格致使决策缓慢。  see also management ⇨ management , manage ⇨ run 2 , manager ⇨ manager ■ leadership [uncountable] the activity or position of being a leader; the abilities or qualities needed to be a leader 领导；领导地位；领导才能；领导应有的特质◆The party thrived under her leadership.该党在她的领导下壮大起来。◆In the crisis he showed real leadership.危机中，他展现出真正的领导才能。  see also lead ⇨ lead verb 2 , leader ⇨ leader 1 ■ regulation ˌregjuˈleɪʃn the practice of controlling sth by means of rules （运用条规的）管理，控制◆There are calls for tighter regulation of the industry.人们呼吁对这个行业进行更严格的管理。◆Theatre, cinema and broadcasting are all subject to regulation by local authorities.剧院、电影院和广播机构均由地方政府管理。  see also regulation ⇨ rule noun , regulate ⇨ regulate ■ administration [uncountable] the activities that are done in order to plan, organize and run a business or other organization （企业或机构的）管理，行政◆A large part of his job involves routine administration.他的大部分工作涉及日常管理。◆Administration costs are passed on to the customer.行政成本转嫁给了顾客。ⓘ Although administration refers to all the activities needed to organize and run a company which are not the actual business of the company (such as producing or selling a product), it is often used especially to refer to the paperwork necessary, such as filling in forms, writing letters or emails and filing. * administration可指经营公司所需的所有非实际业务（即不属于生产或销售等）的活动，但尤指必要的文书工作，如填表、写信、发电子邮件和文件归档等。   see also administer ⇨ run 2 , administrator ⇨ organizer ■ supervision ˌsuːpəˈvɪʒn, ˌsjuːpəˈvɪʒn; NAmE ˌsuːpərˈvɪʒn [uncountable] the activity of being in charge of sb/sth and making sure that everything is done correctly or safely 监督；管理；主管◆New employees are trained to work without direct supervision.新员工要接受培训，学会在没有直接监督的情况下工作。◆There was inadequate supervision of children in the swimming pool.对游泳池中的儿童照看不足。  see also supervise ⇨ regulate , supervisor ⇨ manager ■ direction [uncountable] (rather formal) the activity of managing or guiding sb/sth 管理；指导◆All the work was produced by the students under the direction of John Williams.所有作品都是在约翰•威廉斯的指导下由学生创作完成的。◆The teacher provided clear direction, but allowed children some autonomy.老师提供了明确的指导，但允许孩子们有一些自主权。  see also direct ⇨ run 2 , director ⇨ manager

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