ADJECTIVE | VERB + HARDSHIP | HARDSHIP + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASESADJECTIVE➤appalling, considerable, extreme, genuine, great, real, severe極度貧困;真正的艱苦;嚴重困難▸➤undue, unnecessary (especially BrE) 不應有的窮困;不必要的艱苦▸➤economic, financial, material, personal, physical經濟困難;財政困難;物質貧乏;個人磨難;身體上的磨難VERB + HARDSHIP➤cause導致貧困➤impose強加困難▸➤bear, endure, experience, face, suffer, survive忍受苦難;經歷艱辛;面臨困苦;熬過困苦◇a close community which makes these hardships easier to bear使得這些艱難困苦比較易於承受的緊密團結的群體◇Students may suffer severe financial hardship as a result of the government's decision.政府的這一決定可能會使學生經受嚴重的經濟困難。◇They have already survived considerable hardship.他們已經熬過了極其艱苦的時期。HARDSHIP + NOUN➤fund (BrE) 困難基金▸➤payment (BrE) 困難補助◇The union made hardship payments to some of the sacked workers.工會給一些遭解雇的工人發放了困難補助。PREPOSITION➤in hardship在困苦之中◇They are living in genuine hardship.他們確實生活困難。➤without hardship沒有困難◇They could improve our conditions without undue hardship for themselves.他們可以改善我們的生活條件而對他們自己也不會造成太大的困難。➤hardship among⋯中的貧困◇widespread hardship among students學生中普遍存在的貧困➤hardship to對⋯是苦難◇The cold was no real hardship to me.我並不覺得寒冷到難熬的地步。PHRASES➤times of hardship困難時期◇In times of economic hardship, companies cut back on training.在經濟困難時期,公司紛紛削減培訓支出。
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