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TOEFL BNC: 6378 COCA: 6922
hardship

noun

ADJECTIVE | VERB + HARDSHIP | HARDSHIP + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVEappalling, considerable, extreme, genuine, great, real, severe極度貧困;真正的艱苦;嚴重困難undue, unnecessary (especially BrE) 不應有的窮困;不必要的艱苦economic, financial, material, personal, physical經濟困難;財政困難;物質貧乏;個人磨難;身體上的磨難VERB + HARDSHIPcause導致貧困impose強加困難bear, endure, experience, face, suffer, survive忍受苦難;經歷艱辛;面臨困苦;熬過困苦a close community which makes these hardships easier to bear使得這些艱難困苦比較易於承受的緊密團結的群體Students may suffer severe financial hardship as a result of the government's decision.政府的這一決定可能會使學生經受嚴重的經濟困難。They have already survived considerable hardship.他們已經熬過了極其艱苦的時期。HARDSHIP + NOUNfund (BrE) 困難基金payment (BrE) 困難補助The union made hardship payments to some of the sacked workers.工會給一些遭解雇的工人發放了困難補助。PREPOSITIONin hardship在困苦之中They are living in genuine hardship.他們確實生活困難。without hardship沒有困難They could improve our conditions without undue hardship for themselves.他們可以改善我們的生活條件而對他們自己也不會造成太大的困難。hardship among⋯中的貧困widespread hardship among students學生中普遍存在的貧困hardship to對⋯是苦難The cold was no real hardship to me.我並不覺得寒冷到難熬的地步。PHRASEStimes of hardship困難時期In times of economic hardship, companies cut back on training.在經濟困難時期,公司紛紛削減培訓支出。

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