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IELTS BNC: 1454 COCA: 2213
existence
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noun /ɪɡˈzɪst(ə)ns/
singularexistence
pluralexistences
  1. 1
    [U] the state of being a real or living thing, or of being present in a particular place, time, or situation 存在；实有

    The tests confirm the existence of a brain tumour. 这些检测证实了脑瘤的存在。

    in existence :

    the only copy of the book that is still in existence 该书现存的孤本

    come into existence/go out of existence :

    The company came into existence at the end of the 1980s. 这家公司在80年代末成立。

     Synonyms and related words
    Existence and the length of time that something exists: existence, lifetime, life...
  2. 2
    [C] [usually singular] the way that someone lives their life, especially when their life is difficult 生存；（尤指在困境中的）生活；生活方式

    Jones led a miserable existence in an isolated village for several years. 琼斯在一个闭塞的乡村过了几年悲惨的生活。

    a hand-to-mouth existence (=having hardly enough food or money to live on) 勉强糊口的生活 :

    He lived a hand-to-mouth existence in a poor area of London. 他在伦敦的贫民区过着勉强糊口的生活。

    eke out an existence (=manage to live under difficult conditions) 勉强维持生计 :

    Families struggle to eke out an existence in this harsh environment. 在这种艰难的环境中每家每户都在为维持生计而挣扎。

     Synonyms and related words
    Ways of life: life, lifestyle, existence...
IELTS BNC: 1454 COCA: 2213
existence

noun¹

 1state of existing存在ADJECTIVE | VERB + EXISTENCE | EXISTENCE + VERB | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤actual, real實際存在；真實的存在◇El Cid's actual existence is not in doubt.民族英雄埃爾•熙德的確存在，這毫無疑問。◇Since her illness, other people had no real existence for her.自從她生病後，其他人在她眼中都不存在了。➤possible可能存在◇the possible existence of life beyond Earth地球之外可能有生命存在➤brief短暫存在▸➤continued, continuing, future持續的／繼續的／未來的存在➤10-year, 50-year, etc.存在 10 年、50 年等◇over the course of his company's 20-year existence在他公司 20 年的發展歷程中➤very基本生存◇The peasants depend on a good harvest for their very existence (= in order to continue to live).農民要依靠好收成才能勉強維持生活。➤mere存在本身◇The mere existence of these strange creatures fascinated him.這些奇特生物的存在本身就使他着迷。➤entire, whole全部／整個存續期間◇Throughout its entire existence, it has been a deeply contested concept.這一概念在其整個存在期間一直極受爭議。➤autonomous, independent, separate獨立存在；單獨存在◇any organism capable of independent existence能夠獨立存在的任何生物體➤human人類存在◇the mystery of human existence人類存在的奧秘➤material, physical物質存在；實體存在▸➤social社會存在➤earthly, mortal現世的／世俗的存在◇Christianity taught that our earthly existence was merely a preparation for life after death.基督教義說，我們現世的存在，只不過是為死後的來生做準備。VERB + EXISTENCE➤be in存在◇The idea has been in existence for centuries.這種觀念已經存在了好幾個世紀。➤have存在◇a virtual world that has no real existence並不真正存在的虛擬世界➤come into, pop into (NAmE, informal) , spring into開始存在；產生◇The organization came into existence ten years ago.這個組織成立於 10 年前。◇What are the chances of these molecules springing spontaneously into existence?這些分子自然形成的可能性有多大 ?➤fade from, fade out of, go out of消失；漸退；不再存在◇There was a fear that the club might go out of existence for lack of support.有人擔憂，這家俱樂部可能會因缺乏支持而倒閉。➤bring sth into, call sth into使⋯存在；使⋯出現◇They are striving to bring into existence a new kind of society.他們正努力創造一個新型社會。➤be aware of, know of意識到存在；知道存在▸➤be unaware of沒有意識到存在▸➤affirm, assert確認存在；斷言存在▸➤assume, posit, postulate, presuppose假想存在；假定存在◇The theory assumes the existence of a 'meritocracy'－that there is equal opportunity for all.這一理論假定“任人唯賢”的存在，即人人機會均等。➤accept, acknowledge, admit, admit to, believe in, recognize接受存在；承認存在；相信存在；意識到存在◇He didn't believe in the existence of God.他不相信上帝的存在。➤deny否認存在▸➤doubt懷疑存在▸➤question質疑存在◇She questioned the existence of God.她質疑上帝的存在。➤imply, indicate, suggest, support暗指／表明／暗示／支持存在◇There is research that strongly supports the existence of repressed memories.有研究充分表明，確實存在着受壓抑的記憶。➤discover, reveal發現存在；揭示存在▸➤confirm, demonstrate, establish, prove, validate, verify確認存在；證明存在；證實存在◇Scientists were able to verify the existence of this particle.科學家能夠證實這種粒子的存在。➤disprove反駁存在▸➤explain解釋存在◇How do you explain the existence of closely related species in widely separated locations?你如何解釋近親物種分佈在相距很遠的地方這一現象 ?➤justify證明存在的合理性▸➤forget, ignore忘記存在；漠視存在◇The girl's parents continued to ignore her very existence.女孩的父母繼續無視她的存在。➤endanger, jeopardize, threaten危及存在；威脅存在◇Climate changes threaten the continued existence of the species.氣候變化對這些物種的繼續生存構成了威脅。➤end終結存在◇He wanted to end his existence once and for all.他想以死一了百了。➤owe把存在歸因於◇The school owed its existence to the generosity of one man.學校得以存在歸功於一個人的慷慨。➤ensure, guarantee確保存在；保證存在➤maintain維持存在◇Let's battle on to maintain our existence.讓我們為生存而戰。➤be vital to對生存至關重要◇A super-efficient sense of smell is no longer vital to our existence.高度靈敏的嗅覺對我們的生存已不再必不可少。EXISTENCE + VERB➤depend on sth, depend upon sth存在依賴於⋯◇The company's existence depends on continued growth.公司的生存依靠持續的發展。PREPOSITION➤in existence存在◇the only instrument of its kind in existence這種工具現存的唯一一件PHRASES➤the struggle for existence生存競爭◇Darwin viewed the struggle for existence as being the major promoter of evolution.達爾文認為生存競爭是進化的主要推動力。
existence

noun²

 2way of living生存方式ADJECTIVE | VERB + EXISTENCE | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤bare, hand-to-mouth, meagre/meager, miserable, precarious勉強的／僅能餬口的／節儉的／悲慘的／朝不保夕的生活◇He lived a hand-to-mouth existence in the less attractive areas of London.他在倫敦的貧困區過着僅夠餬口的生活。➤comfortable, peaceful, quiet舒適的／平靜的／安寧的生活➤sheltered備受呵護的生活◇She had lived such a sheltered existence.她過着備受呵護的生活。➤middle-class中產階級的生活◇a comfortable middle-class existence中產階級的舒適生活➤meaningful有意義的生活◇his yearning for a more meaningful existence他對更加有意義的生活的向往➤boring, dull, humdrum, mundane無趣的／單調的／乏味的／平淡的生活➤pathetic, pitiful, wretched悲慘的／可憐的／不幸的生活➤meaningless沒有意義的生活▸➤empty, isolated, lonely, solitary空虛的／與世隔絕的／孤單的／獨居的生活▸➤nomadic遊牧生活▸➤rural, suburban, urban鄉村／郊區／城市生活▸➤daily, day-to-day, everyday日常生活；每日生活▸➤previous, prior前世◇He claimed to be able to remember a previous existence.他聲稱能記起上輩子的事。VERB + EXISTENCE➤enjoy, have, lead, live享受生活；過活▸➤eke out, endure勉強餬口；忍受生活◇They eke out a precarious existence foraging in the forest.他們靠在森林中搜尋食物維持着朝不保夕的生活。PHRASES➤a mode of existence生存方式◇the transition from one mode of existence to another從一種生存方式過渡到另一種生存方式
IELTS BNC: 1454 COCA: 2213
existence noun
⇨ life 1 (come into existence) ⇨ life 3 (a miserable existence)

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