play verb ⇨play1 (children playing)⇨play2 (play football)⇨play3 (play the piano)⇨play a part⇨joinplay noun ⇨play (a play by Shakespeare)⇨entertainment (children at play)play
noun
play ♦︎ drama ♦︎ comedy ♦︎ tragedy ♦︎ sketch ♦︎ farceThese are all words for a piece of writing that is intended to be performed as entertainment.这些词均表示戏剧、剧本。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a play / drama / comedy / tragedy / sketch / farce by sb◆a play / drama / comedy / tragedy / sketch / farce about sth◆a Shakespearean play / drama / comedy / tragedy◆a television / radio play / drama / comedy◆a historical play / drama◆to write a play / drama / comedy / tragedy / sketch / farce◆to perform a play / drama / sketch◆to do a play / sketch◆to see a play / drama / comedy / sketch■play [countable] a piece of writing that is intended to be performed by actors in a theatre or on television or radio戏剧;剧本◆Kate's class decided to put on(= organize and perform) a play for the school.凯特的班打算为学校演出排演一个剧目。◆The theatre was refused permission to stage the play.剧场未获准上演这个剧。 see also playwright ⇨ writer■drama ˈdrɑːmə [countable] a play, especially one that has a very exciting or emotional story(尤指剧情令人兴奋或激动的)戏,剧◆The story easily fits into the standard mould of a courtroom drama.这个故事很符合法庭戏的常规模式。◆It is a lavish costume drama(= a film, especially on television, about a period in the past) set in the early twentieth century.这是一部耗资巨大的古装戏,背景设定在20世纪初。 see also drama ⇨ drama, dramatist ⇨ writer■comedy ˈkɒmədi; NAmEˈkɑːmədi [countable, uncountable] a play or film that is intended to be funny, usually with a happy ending; plays and films of this type喜剧;喜剧片◆It's a romantic comedy starring Meg Ryan and Tom Hanks.这是由梅格•瑞安和汤姆•汉克斯主演的浪漫喜剧。◆They spent hours watching comedy on television.他们看了几个小时的电视喜剧片。■tragedyˈtrædʒədi [countable, uncountable] a serious play with a sad ending, especially one in which the main character dies; plays of this type悲剧;悲剧作品◆Revenge tragedies were very popular in Elizabethan England.复仇悲剧在伊丽莎白一世时代的英格兰非常受欢迎。◆In Greek tragedy the main character usually identifies himself upon entering the stage.在希腊悲剧中,主要人物上场后通常要表明身份。■sketch sketʃ [countable] a short funny scene that is part of a longer show in a theatre or on television or radio幽默短剧;小品◆The drama group did a sketch about a couple buying a new car.剧社上演了一出夫妻二人买新车的短剧。■farcefɑːs; NAmEfɑːrs [countable, uncountable] a funny play for the theatre based on ridiculous and unlikely situations and events; this type of writing or performance滑稽戏;闹剧;滑稽戏剧本◆Feydeau's classic bedroom farce(= a funny play about sex) is set in turn-of-the-century Paris.费多的经典床上笑剧以世纪之交的巴黎为背景。◆Farce is often looked down upon by serious theatre goers.以严肃的态度去戏院看戏的人常常看不起滑稽剧。play1
verb
children playing孩子们在玩耍play football/for England/against France踢足球;代表英格兰参赛;跟法国队比赛play the piano/the role of Hamlet弹钢琴;扮演哈姆雷特play ♦︎ celebrate ♦︎ have fun ♦︎ enjoy yourself ♦︎ have a good/great time ♦︎ party ♦︎ live it upThese words all mean to do things for pleasure and/or get enjoyment from sth.这些词均表示玩乐。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆Let's play / celebrate / have fun / enjoy ourselves / have a good time / party / live it up■play [intransitive, transitive] to do things for pleasure, as children do, instead of working玩耍;游戏;玩乐◆A group of kids were playing with a ball in the street.一群孩子在街上玩球。◆You'll have to play inside today.你们今天只能在屋里玩了。◆I haven't got anybody to play with!没有人跟我玩!◆There's a time to work and a time to play.工作、玩耍皆有时。◆Let's play a different game.我们玩点别的吧。 see also play ⇨ entertainmentnoun■celebrate [intransitive, transitive] to show that a day or event is important by doing sth special on it庆祝;庆贺◆Jake's passed his exams. We're going out to celebrate.杰克考试通过了,我们出去庆祝一下。◆We celebrated our 25th wedding anniversary in Florence.我们在佛罗伦萨庆祝25周年结婚纪念日。◆How do people celebrate New Year in your country?在你们国家,人们怎么庆祝新年?▸celebration
noun
[uncountable] ◆Her triumph was a cause for celebration.她的胜利是庆祝的理由。 see also celebration ⇨ event2■have ˈfun
phrase
(has, had, had) (informal, especiallyspoken) to get enjoyment from what you are doing得到快乐;玩得开心◆Have fun!尽情地玩吧!◆The kids were having fun in the water.孩子们在水里玩得正高兴呢。◆You can have a lot of fun with a cheap digital camera.一部廉价的数码相机就能带来很多乐趣。 see also fun ⇨ fun, fun ⇨ entertainment■enˈjoy yourself
phrase
to get enjoyment from what you are doing得到快乐;玩得开心◆Enjoy yourselves!尽情地玩吧!◆The kids all seemed to enjoy themselves at the party.孩子们在聚会上好像都玩得很痛快。 see also enjoyment ⇨ fun■have a good ˈtime■have a ˈgreat time
phrase
(has, had, had) (informal, especiallyspoken) to get (great) enjoyment from what you are doing得到(极大的)快乐;玩得(非常)开心◆Did you have a good time in Spain?你们在西班牙玩得高兴吗?◆Yes, we had a great time.是的,我们玩得非常开心。ⓘ Have a great time is not used in questions. * have a great time不用于疑问句◆Did you have a great time?NOTE辨析 Have fun, enjoy yourself or have a good time?Have fun and have a good time are more informal than enjoy yourself and used especially in spoken English. Have fun can be used ironically as an instruction to sb who is going to do sth that they do not expect to enjoy. * have fun和have a good time比enjoy yourself较非正式,尤用于口语。have fun可以是反语,用于告诉对方他们要做的事不会很令人愉快◆ (ironic) Oh, is it your exam today? Have fun!哦,你今天考试吧?好好享受吧!■party [intransitive] (informal) to enjoy yourself, especially by eating, drinking alcohol and dancing寻欢作乐;吃喝玩乐◆They were out partying every night.他们每晚都外出寻欢作乐。 see also party ⇨ partynoun2■live it ˈup
idiom
(informal) to enjoy yourself in an exciting way, usually spending a lot of money尽情欢乐;纵情挥霍享乐◆They had this great win on the lottery and now they're living it up in Hawaii.他们买彩票得了这大奖,现在正在夏威夷尽情享乐呢。play2
verb
children playing孩子们在玩耍play football/for England/against France踢足球;代表英格兰参赛;跟法国队比赛play the piano/the role of Hamlet弹钢琴;扮演哈姆雷特play ♦︎ go in for sth ♦︎ compete ♦︎ enterThese words all mean to be involved in an activity, especially a game, race or competition.这些词均表示参加比赛。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to play / compete in a competition, etc.◆to play / compete against sb◆to go in for / compete in / enter a competition / contest / race◆to compete in / enter a tournament◆to play / compete well■play [transitive, intransitive] to be involved in a game; to compete against sb in a game; to take a particular position in a sports team参加比赛;同⋯比赛;(在运动队中)担任◆They play football on Saturday mornings.他们每周六上午都踢足球。◆Do you want to play cards with me?想跟我玩纸牌吗?◆Have you ever played her at chess?你跟她下过国际象棋吗?◆France are playing Wales tomorrow.明天法国队迎战威尔士队。◆France are playing against Wales on Saturday.星期六法国队迎战威尔士队。◆He plays for Cleveland.他加入克利夫兰队参赛。◆Evans played very well.埃文斯比赛很出色。◆Who's playing on the wing?谁担任边锋?◆I've never played right back before.我过去从未打过右后卫。■ˌgo ˈin for sth
phrasal verb
(goes, went, gone) (usually used in negative statements通常用于否定陈述) to enjoy and take part in sth as an interest or hobby对⋯有兴趣;爱好◆She doesn't go in for team games.她对团体比赛项目不感兴趣。ⓘ In British English go in for sth also means to put your name on the list for an exam or competition.在英式英语中,go in for sth还指报名参加考试或竞赛◆She's going in for the Cambridge First Certificate.她准备参加剑桥初级证书考试。■compete [intransitive] to take part in a contest or game参加比赛(或竞赛)◆He's hoping to compete in the London marathon.他希望参加伦敦马拉松比赛。ⓘ Compete is often followed by in with names of sports events like the marathon, the Olympic Games, the Grand Prix and the British Open. * compete常后接in及运动赛事名称如the marathon、the Olympic Games、the Grand Prix和the British Open。 see also competitor ⇨ participant■enter [transitive, intransitive] to put your name on the list for an exam or competition; to do this for sb报名参加,为(某人)报名参加(考试或比赛)◆1 000 children entered the competition.1 000个孩子报名参加比赛。◆ (BrE) Only four British players have entered for the championship.只有四名英国选手参加了锦标赛。◆ (BrE) How many students have been entered for the exam?让多少学生参加了考试? see also entrant ⇨ candidateplay3
verb
children playing孩子们在玩耍play football/for England/against France踢足球;代表英格兰参赛;跟法国队比赛play the piano/the role of Hamlet弹钢琴;扮演哈姆雷特play ♦︎ perform ♦︎ stage ♦︎ do ♦︎ produce ♦︎ act ♦︎ put sth on ♦︎ presentThese words all mean to play a musical instrument, sing, act in a play, etc., especially to entertain an audience.这些词均表示演奏、演唱或扮演。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to play / perform / do a piece◆to play / act a role / part◆to perform / stage / do / produce / act in / put on / present a play / show◆to perform / stage / do / act in / put on a production◆to stage / do / put on / present a / an performance / concert / exhibition◆a band / musician plays / performs / does sth◆a company stages / does / produces / puts on / presents a play / show◆to play / perform / stage / act / present sth well◆to play / perform / stage / present sth brilliantly◆to play / perform / act sth together◆to play / perform / do sth live / in public■play [transitive, intransitive] to make music on a musical instrument; to take a part in a play or film演奏(乐器);(在戏剧或电影中)扮演◆I'm learning to play the piano.我正学弹钢琴。◆Play us that new piece.给我们演奏那首新曲子吧。◆In the distance a band was playing.远处有个乐队在演奏。◆The part of the Queen was played by Helen Mirren.女王这一角色由海伦•米伦扮演。◆He had always wanted to play Othello.他一直想扮演奥赛罗。■perform [transitive, intransitive] to entertain an audience by playing a piece of music, acting in a play, etc.演出;表演◆The play was first performed in 1987.该剧于1987年首演。◆I'd like to hear it performed live.我希望能听现场演出。◆I'm looking forward to seeing you perform.我期待着看你演出。 see also performance ⇨ performance, performer ⇨ actor■stage [transitive] (especiallywritten) to organize a play or event for people to see上演;举办;举行◆The local theatre group is staging a production of 'Hamlet'.当地剧团在上演《哈姆雷特》。◆They're staging an exhibition in the church hall.他们正在教堂大厅里办展览。◆Birmingham has bid to stage the next national athletics championships.伯明翰申办了下届全国田径锦标赛。 see also stage ⇨ drama■do(does, did, done) [transitive] (ratherinformal, especiallyspoken) to perform or organize a performance of a play, opera, concert, etc.演出,编排(戏剧、歌剧、音乐会等)◆The local dramatic society is doing 'Hamlet' next month.当地剧社下月上演《哈姆雷特》。■produce [transitive] to be in charge of preparing a play, film or television programme for the public to see制作,拍摄(戏剧、电影或电视节目)◆She produced a TV series about adopted children.她拍摄了一部描写被收养儿童的电视系列片。 see also production ⇨ performance■act [intransitive, transitive] to perform a part in a play or film扮演(戏剧或电影中的角色)◆Most of the cast act well.这出戏大多数演员演得不错。◆He just can't act(= acts very badly).他根本不会演戏。◆The play was well acted.这出戏演得不错。◆She is acting the role of Juliet.她在演朱丽叶这一角色。 see also acting ⇨ drama, actor ⇨ actorNOTE辨析 Play or act?In this meaning, act can be used with an object (act a part/role) as well as without (He just can't act.); play can only be used with an object. It is more common to talk about a person playing rather than acting a role or part. People usually talk about acting a part when they are talking about sb pretending to be a particular type of person in everyday life.表达此义时,act可以带宾语,如act a part/role,也可以不带,如He just can't act。play必须带宾语。表示扮演某个角色较常用play,而不用act。表示在日常生活中装成某类人时通常用act◆I found myself acting the part of the happy newly-married wife.我发现自己正假扮成一个幸福的新婚妻子。A play or film as a whole is acted, notplayed.谈论戏剧或电影的整体表演,用act而不用play。◆The play/film was well played. see also act ⇨ pretend■ˌput sth ˈon
phrasal verb
(putting, put, put)to organize or produce a play or event for people to see举办;上演;展出◆The local drama club is putting on 'Macbeth' at the Playhouse.当地的剧社正在剧场演出《麦克白》。■present [transitive] (written) to organize or produce a play or event for people to see举办;上演;展出◆Compass Theatre Company presents a new production of 'King Lear'.罗经剧团推出了全新制作的《李尔王》。◆We plan to present the film uncensored and without commercial breaks.我们计划推出这部影片的未经删剪版,且不插入任何广告。NOTE辨析 Stage, put sth on or present?You can stage, put on or present a live performance, show, play, concert or exhibition. You can present a film or a programme that has been recorded, but you cannot stage or put on a film. Put on is used especially to talk about amateur(= not professional)performances. * stage、put on或present可以与现场演出如performance、show、play、concert搭配,或与exhibition搭配。present与film或录制好的节目搭配,但是stage或put on不能与film搭配。put on尤指业余演出。
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