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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1369 COCA: 1402
background noun
⇨ background (sb's family background) ⇨ context (the historical background) ⇨ environment (the mountains in the background) background

noun

  ➡ See also the entry for family 3 另见family条第3义background ♦︎ record ♦︎ past ♦︎ history ♦︎ upbringing ♦︎ track record ♦︎ life historyThese are all words for the things that sb has done or the things that have happened to sb before now. 这些词均表示曾经做过或经历过的事。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆sb has a background / record / history / track record of sth◆sb has a background / record / track record in sth◆a / an proven / impressive / excellent / poor record / track record◆a religious / working class / middle class background / upbringing◆a colourful / chequered history / past◆sb's criminal background / record / past / history◆sb's medical record / history◆your background / upbringing prepares you for / gives you sth■ background [countable] the details of a person's life before now, especially concerning their family, education and experience 出身背景；学历；经历◆sb's family / social / cultural / educational / class background某人的家庭／社会／文化／教育／阶级背景◆The classes are designed for students with a background in history or theology.这些课程是为有历史或神学知识的学生设计的。◆The job would suit someone with a business background.这项工作适合有商务经验的人。◆We are from very different backgrounds but we get on very well.我们的出身很不一样，但相处融洽。ⓘ You can also talk about the background to an event or situation. * background也可表示事件或事态的背景。   see also background ⇨ context ■ record [singular] the facts that are known about sb/sth's past behaviour, character or achievements （有关过去的）事实；记录；功过◆The report criticizes the government's record on housing.报告批评政府在住房问题上的所作所为。◆The airline has a good safety record.这家航空公司的安全情况一向很好。◆He has an impressive record of achievement.他所取得的各项成就令人赞叹。■ past [countable, usually singular] a person's life or career before now （某人）过去的经历（或事业）◆We don't know anything about his past.我们对他的过去一无所知。◆She didn't tell them about her boyfriend's criminal past.她没跟他们提起男友犯过罪。ⓘ Past can also be used to talk about an aspect of a place before now. * past也可表示某个地方昔日的一个侧面◆The country still suffers as a result of its colonial past.该国昔日曾为殖民地，至今仍深受其害。 ■ history [singular] a record of sth happening frequently in the past of a person, family or place; the set of facts that are known about sb's past （某人的）经历；家族史；（某地的）沿革◆He has a history of violent crime.他有暴力犯罪的前科。◆There is a history of heart disease in my family.我家有家族心脏病史。◆The area has a history of subsidence problems.该地区的地面沉降是个老问题。■ upbringing ˈʌpbrɪŋɪŋ [singular, uncountable] the way in which a child is cared for and taught how to behave while it is growing up 抚育；养育；培养◆She had had a very sheltered upbringing.她在备受呵护中长大。◆He was a Catholic by upbringing.他受家庭熏陶，从小就是个天主教徒。■ ˈtrack record [singular] all the past achievements, successes or failures of a person or organization （个人或组织的）业绩记录◆As a company we have a proven track record in catering.我们公司有令人信赖的宴席承办业绩记录。◆Britain has a poor track record in foreign language teaching.英国外语教学的成绩乏善可陈。■ ˌlife ˈhistory [countable] all the events that happen in the life of a person, animal or plant 生平；（生物的）生活史◆He sat at the bar and told me his whole life history.他坐在吧台旁，对我谈起自己一生的经历。◆The aim of the project is to study the life histories of insects.该项目旨在研究昆虫的生活史。

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