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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 4540 COCA: 5741
excess
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noun /ɪkˈses/
singularexcess
pluralexcesses
  1. 1
    [singular/uncountable] a larger amount of something than is usual or necessary 过量；过多；过度

    Cover both sides of the meat with flour, shaking off any excess. 将肉的两面都覆上面粉，再把多余的抖去。

    excess of :

    Tests subsequently revealed an excess of alcohol in the driver's blood. 检测随后显示该司机的血液中酒精含量超标。

     Synonyms and related words
    Excess, extra amounts and things added: addition, spare, supplement...
  2. 2

    excesses

    [plural] formal cruel or violent actions, especially when committed by a government, army, or police force （尤指政府、军队或警察犯下的）不人道行为，暴行

    the worst excesses of the regime 该政权最恶劣的暴行

     Synonyms and related words
    Cruel, selfish and unkind behaviour or actions: cruelty, evil, abuse...
    1. a.
      behaviour that you consider to be wrong because it is too extreme 过火的行为；过分的行为；放肆的行为

      the usual excesses of the rock-star lifestyle 这位摇滚明星生活中屡见不鲜的放纵行为

       Synonyms and related words
      Morally bad or wrong behaviour: evil, sin, wrong...
  3. 3
    [singular] business British an amount of money that someone has to pay towards the cost of something, when an insurance company is going to pay the rest of the cost. The usual American word is deductible （保险中的）免赔额

    Most policies carry a £50 excess. 许多保险单都有50英镑的免赔额。

     Synonyms and related words
    Insuring and insurance: actuarial, actuary, a good/bad risk...
  4. 4
    [U] formal a way of behaving in which you do dangerous or extreme things 过激；无节制；放纵

    The rest of the family led a life of excess. 家里其他人过着放荡的生活。

     Synonyms and related words
    General words for behaviour and attitudes: default setting, behaviour, instinct...
excess
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adjective [only before noun] /ˈekses/
  1. 1
    more than is usual or necessary 过量的；过多的

    Drain off any excess liquid. 排去所有多余的液体。

     Synonyms and related words
    Too much, extra and more: too, exceptional, surplus...
  2. 2
    an excess amount of money is an extra amount that you pay 额外的；附加的

    Passengers travelling on to Buffalo will be required to pay an excess fare of $30. 去布法罗的乘客将被要求额外再缴纳30美元的费用。

     Synonyms and related words
    Too much, extra and more: too, exceptional, surplus...
excess
verb [T] American formal /ɪkˈses/ /ˈekˌses/
present tense
I/you/we/theyexcess
he/she/itexcesses
present participleexcessing
past tenseexcessed
past participleexcessed
  1. to get rid of some workers in order to make a company more effective
     Synonyms and related words
    Forcing someone and being forced to leave a job: fire, lay off, retire...
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 4540 COCA: 5741
excess

noun¹

 1too much of sth過量ADJECTIVE | VERB + EXCESS | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤rhetorical, stylistic, verbal誇大之辭；華而不實的風格；話語囉嗦◇His statements cannot be simply dismissed as rhetorical excess.不能簡單地把他的陳述斥之為誇大之辭。➤financial金融過度➤scandalous, wretched (NAmE) 駭人聽聞的過度放縱◇Washington has always been a city of wretched excesses.華盛頓一直都是一個極度放縱的城市。➤alcoholic (BrE) 過量飲酒▸➤worst excesses最惡劣的過激行為◇the worst excesses of the 1980s20 世紀 80 年代最惡劣的暴行VERB + EXCESS➤avoid, contain, curb避免／控制／抑制過激◇'Avoid excess' is the golden rule for a healthy life.健康生活的一條黃金定律就是“避免過度”。➤commit excesses, perpetrate excesses施以暴行；犯有暴行◇the worst excesses committed by the occupying army佔領軍犯下的殘忍暴行PREPOSITION➤in excess過量◇The drug can be harmful if taken in excess.過量服用該藥是有害的。➤to excess過度◇They never smoked or drank to excess.他們從不過量吸煙或飲酒。
excess

noun²

 2an amount by which sth is larger than sth else超過部份ADJECTIVE | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤large大大超出➤slight稍微超出PREPOSITION➤in excess of超過◇The car can travel at speeds in excess of 150 miles per hour.該車的車速能達到每小時 150 英里以上。➤excess of過量的⋯◇a large excess of gas嚴重過量的煤氣
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 4540 COCA: 5741
excess noun
⇨ rest 1 excess

adjective

excess ♦︎ spare ♦︎ surplus ♦︎ superfluous ♦︎ leftoverThese words all describe an amount or number that is more than you want or need. 这些词均表示过剩的、多余的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆an excess / a surplus amount◆excess / surplus demand / supply◆excess / spare / surplus cash / capacity / energy◆excess / surplus / leftover food ■ excess ˈekses [only before noun] more than is necessary, usual or legal 超额的；超出的；过度的◆Excess food is stored as fat.多余的食物化作脂肪贮存起来。◆Driving with excess alcohol in the blood is a serious offence.驾车时血液里酒精含量过高是严重的违法行为。▸ excess

noun

 [uncountable, singular] ◆The drug can be harmful if taken in excess.过量服用这种药可能有害。◆He started drinking to excess after losing his job.他失业后便开始酗酒。◆The increase will not be in excess of (= more than) two per cent.增幅不会超过百分之二。◆Are you suffering from an excess of stress in your life?你生活中的压力是否太大？■ spare [usually before noun] that is not being used or is not needed at the present time; kept in case you need to replace the one you usually use 不用的；闲置的；备用的◆We've got a spare bedroom, if you'd like to stay.要是愿意你就住下，我们有一间空卧室。◆I'm afraid I haven't got any spare cash.抱歉，我手头没有闲钱。◆Take some spare clothes in case you get wet.多带几件衣服，身上弄湿了可以换。■ surplus ˈsɜːpləs; NAmE ˈsɜːrpləsmore than is needed or used 过剩的；多余的◆Surplus grain is being sold for export.过剩的谷物正销往国外。◆These items are surplus to requirements (= not needed).这几项不需要。▸ surplus

noun

 [countable, uncountable] ◆ (rather formal) Agricultural surpluses lead to the disposal of thousands of tonnes of food every year.农产品过剩造成每年有数千吨食物被丢弃。◆After meeting domestic needs any surplus will be exported.满足国内需求后所有的剩余产品都销往国外。OPP deficit , shortage ⇨ lack NOTE 辨析 Excess, spare or surplus? Spare is the most informal of these words, and is the one that is most likely to be used in spoken language and everyday contexts. Surplus is often used in business contexts to refer to extra goods or money. 这些词中spare最不正式，最常用于口语和日常语境。surplus常用于商务语境，指剩余商品或资金◆surplus stock / material / products, surplus capital / funds / income / profits剩余库存／材料／产品；剩余资本／资金／收入／利润To talk about an extra amount that is seen as a bad thing, excess is often used. * excess常指不好的事物过多的◆excess body fat / carbon dioxide / baggage过多的体内脂肪／二氧化碳；超重行李 ■ superfluous suːˈpɜːfluəs, sjuːˈpɜːfluəs; NAmE suːˈpɜːrfluəs [not usually before noun] (rather formal) more than you need or want 过多；多余◆She gave him a look that made words superfluous.她看了他一眼，这已表明一切，无须多言了。■ leftover ˈleftəʊvə(r); NAmE ˈleftoʊvər [only before noun] still remaining after you have eaten, drunk or used what you want or need 吃剩的；过剩的；多余的◆Use any leftover meat to make a curry.要是有剩肉就把它做成咖喱菜。ⓘ Leftover is used especially to talk about food, but it can also be used to talk about a supply of other things. * leftover尤用来修饰食物，但也可修饰其他东西◆leftover vegetables / porridge吃剩的蔬菜／粥◆leftover paper / paint / wool剩余的纸张／油漆／毛线   see also leftover ⇨ remains noun 2

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