represent verb ⇨represent1 (represent a major breakthrough in AIDS research)⇨represent2 (represent sb's views/the idea of peace)⇨present2 (a diagram represents sth)represent1
verb
represent a major breakthrough in AIDS research是艾滋病研究的重大突破represent sb's views/good qualities/the idea of peace代表某人的看法/优良品质/和平理念represent ♦︎ constitute ♦︎ pose ♦︎ amount to sth ♦︎ come down to sth ♦︎ add up to sthThese words all mean to be considered to be sth or to result in sth.这些词均表示相当于、意味着、导致。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to represent / constitute / pose / amount to a challenge / threat◆to represent / constitute / pose a problem / danger / risk◆to represent / constitute / amount to a / an failure / increase / breach◆to represent / constitute an achievement / improvement◆a / an result / activity / action represents / constitutes sth◆It all amounts to / comes down to / adds up to sth.■represent
linking verb
(not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) (ratherformal, written) to be sth; to be the result of sth相当于;意味着;是⋯的结果◆This contract represents 20% of the company's annual revenue.这份合同相当于公司20%的年收入。◆These results represent a major breakthrough in AIDS research.这些结果是艾滋病研究的重大突破。◆The peace plan represents(= is the result of) weeks of negotiation.这个和平计划是数周谈判的成果。■constituteˈkɒnstɪtjuːt; NAmEˈkɑːnstətuːt
linking verb
(not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) (formal) to be sth; to be considered to be sth相当于;意味着;被算作◆Does such an activity constitute a criminal offence?这样的活动也算刑事犯罪吗?◆The increase in racial tension constitutes a threat to our society.种族间紧张状态的升级是对我们社会的一种威胁。NOTE辨析 Represent or constitute?Represent is used especially with words relating to change. * represent尤与变化有关的词连用◆This represents a change / a break / a shift / a departure / a turning point / an improvement / an increase / a reduction / a decline.这是一个变化/一个中断/一个转变/一种背离/一个转折点/一种进步;这表示增加/减少/下降。Constitute is used more to talk about dangerous or negative situations or acts. * constitute尤用于谈论危险或负面的情况或行为◆This constitutes a threat / danger / crime / breach / nuisance / weakness / refusal.这构成了威胁/危险/犯罪/违反/妨害;这被视为一种缺点/拒绝。■pose [transitive] to be or create a problem or threat that has to be dealt with造成,引起,产生(问题或威胁)◆The task poses no special problems.这项任务不会造成特别的问题。◆Pollutants in the river pose a real risk to the fish.河里的污染物对鱼类构成了真正威胁。■aˈmount to sth
phrasal verb
[no passive] (not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) (ratherformal) to be equal to or the same as sth等于;相当于◆Her answer amounted to a complete refusal.她的答复等于一口拒绝。◆Their actions amount to a breach of contract.他们的行为已属违反合同。◆We were jailed for a week-well, confined to quarters, but it amounted to the same thing.我们坐了一个星期的牢,哦,是被关了禁闭,不过反正都是一回事。ⓘ Amount to sth is often used in relation to offences in law. * amount to sth常用于与违法有关的语境◆This amounts to dismissal / contempt of court / abuse / discrimination / obstruction / assault.这等同于解雇/藐视法庭/虐待/歧视/阻碍/袭击。■ˌcome ˈdown to sth
phrasal verb
(came, come) [no passive] (not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) (ratherinformal) to be able to be explained by a single important point可归结为;可归纳为◆What it comes down to is, either I get more money or I leave.归结起来就是:不给我加薪,我就辞职。■ˌadd ˈup to sth
phrasal verb
[no passive] (not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) to lead to a particular result; to show sth结果是;表示◆These clues don't really add up to very much(= give us very little information).这些线索实际上说明不了什么问题。represent2
verb
represent a major breakthrough in AIDS research是艾滋病研究的重大突破represent sb's views/good qualities/the idea of peace代表某人的看法/优良品质/和平理念represent ♦︎ embody ♦︎ symbolize ♦︎ exemplify ♦︎ typify ♦︎ epitomizeThese words all mean to be an example or expression of sth.这些词均表示代表着、体现。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to be embodied / exemplified / typified / epitomized in sth◆to represent / embody / symbolize / epitomize the spirit / essence of sth◆to represent / embody / exemplify an idea / ideal◆to represent / embody / exemplify a principle◆to exemplify / typify / epitomize a / an problem / approach◆to clearly represent / embody / symbolize / exemplify / typify sth■represent [transitive, no passive] (ratherformal) to be an example or expression of an idea, quality or opinion代表着,体现(理念、品质或观点)◆The project represents all that is good in the community.这项工程充分体现了社区的美好。◆Those comments do not represent the views of us all.那些言论并不代表我们所有人的看法。◆The artist uses doves to represent peace.艺术家用鸽子代表和平。 see also representation ⇨ description■embody ɪmˈbɒdi; NAmEɪmˈbɑːdi [transitive] (not usually used in the progressive tenses通常不用于进行时) (ratherformal) (especially of a person) to give a visible form to an idea, quality or feeling(尤指人)具体表现,体现,代表(观念、品质或感情)◆a politician who embodied the hopes of black youth代表黑人青年希望的政治家◆We want to build a national team that embodies competitive spirit and skill.我们想创建一支能体现竞争精神和高竞技水平的国家队。 see also embodiment ⇨ example2■symbolize (BrE alsosymbolise) [transitive] (not usually used in the progressive tenses通常不用于进行时) (of a person, object, quality, event or action) to represent a more general quality or situation(人、物品、品质、事件或行动)象征,代表◆The use of light and dark symbolizes good and evil.用光明与黑暗来象征善与恶。◆He came to symbolize his country's struggle for independence.他逐渐成为祖国独立运动的象征。 see also symbol ⇨ sign1NOTE辨析 Represent, embody or symbolize?Sometimes you can use any of these words, especially when you are talking about a person.这些词有时可通用,尤其是谈论人时◆He came to represent / embody / symbolize his country's struggle for independence.他逐渐成为祖国独立运动的象征。Embody is the most physical and visual of these words and is used to talk about real people becoming the basis for other people's hopes: the qualities that sb embodies are always good qualities. Symbolize is often more abstract(= existing as an idea rather than as a physical reality), and can be used to talk about objects or things, such as a dove(= a type of bird)being used to give the idea of peace, but it is a picture or idea of a dove, not a particular dove that really exists. Represent is the most general of these words: it can be used to mean embody or symbolize or it can simply mean 'express'.这些词中embody最为具体和形象,指真实的人肩负他人的希望。embody总是指体现某些优良品质。symbolize往往指体现较为抽象的理念,可用于谈论物品或事物,如用鸽子代表和平的理念,但象征物是鸽子的图片或概念,而非特指某只真实的鸽子。represent在这些词中含义最宽泛,可表示embody或symbolize的意思,或指“表达”◆The comments represent the views of the majority.这些意见表达了大多数人的看法。■exemplifyɪgˈzemplɪfaɪ [transitive, often passive] (not usually used in the progressive tenses通常不用于进行时) (formal) to be a good example of sth是⋯的典型(或典范、榜样)◆Her early work is exemplified in her book, 'A Study of Children's Minds'.《儿童思维研究》一书是她早期的代表作。◆His food exemplifies Italian cooking at its best.他的菜肴体现了意大利烹饪的精髓。 see also example ⇨ example2■typify ˈtɪpɪfaɪ [transitive] (not usually used in the progressive tenses通常不用于进行时) (ratherformal) to be a typical example of sth; to be a typical feature of sth是⋯的典型(或典范);是⋯的典型特征◆These are clothes that typify the 1960s.这些是20世纪60年代的典型服装。◆There's a new style of politician, typified by the Prime Minister.出现了一种以首相为代表的新型政治家。■epitomize (BrE alsoepitomise) ɪˈpɪtəmaɪz [transitive] (not usually used in the progressive tenses通常不用于进行时) (ratherformal) to be a perfect example of sth是⋯的典范(或典型)◆The fighting qualities of the team are epitomized by the captain.这个队的拼搏品质集中体现在队长身上。◆These movies seem to epitomize the 1950s.这些影片似乎是20世纪50年代的缩影。 see also epitome ⇨ example2NOTE辨析 Exemplify, typify or epitomize?Something can exemplify an idea or sb's work. Something can typify or epitomize a mood, style or atmosphere, especially of a particular time or place. Epitomize suggests that you cannot imagine a more typical example of sth. Typify is more neutral, and suggests that the example you are giving has all the usual qualities or features of a particular time, place or type of person or thing. * exemplify指体现某种观念或某人的工作。typify或epitomize尤指体现某段时期或某地的情绪、风格或氛围。epitomize意味着最为典型,是最佳体现。typify较为中性,意味着给出的例子非常典型。
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