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BNC: 158 COCA: 225
under
adverb, preposition /ˈʌndə(r)/
Under can be used in the following ways: under有以下用法:
as a preposition (followed by a noun or number): 用作介词(后接名词或数字): There are piles of books under my desk. 我书桌下有成堆的书。 The total cost of the project is just under £2.2 million. 这个项目的总费用刚好在220万英镑以下。 The technology has been under development since the early 1980s. 自20世纪80年代初以来该技术一直在发展。
as an adverb (without a following noun): 用作副词(后不接名词): Jump into the water and see how long you can stay under. 跳进水里,看看你能在水下呆多久。 Children aged five and under can get in for half-price. 5岁和5岁以下的儿童可半票入场。
  1. 1
    below or covered by something
    1. a.
      directly below or at a lower level than something 在…正下方;在…下面

      We took shelter under an oak tree. 我们在一棵橡树下避雨。

      What are you kids doing under the table? 你们这些孩子在桌子底下干什么?

      You might like to place the dish under a hot grill just before serving. 你在上菜之前可以把菜放在热的烤架下。

      from under :

      Charlotte saw a light coming from under the door. 夏洛特看见一束光线从门下面射进来。

       Synonyms and related words
      Under or below: under, below, lower...
    2. b.
      covered by something 在…的里面;在…的底下

      She was wearing a money belt under her sweater. 她毛衣里面系着一条带钱包的腰带。

      I found the letter under a pile of books. 我在一堆书底下发现了这封信。

      plants growing under plastic sheeting 生长在塑料膜底下的植物

       Synonyms and related words
      To be covered with something: clothed, encrusted, crusted...
    3. c.
      moving to a place that is below something or that is covered by it 移到…的下面;移到…的底下

      I think the ball rolled under the sofa. 我觉得球滚到沙发下面去了。

      Everyone ran under the trees when it started to rain. 开始下雨时,大家都跑到了树底下。

      She slid under the quilt and closed her eyes. 她偷偷溜进被窝里,闭上了眼睛。

       Synonyms and related words
      Describing movement up or down: upward, downward, ascending...
    4. d.
      passing below something from one side to the other 经由…的底下

      We drove under the bridge and came out into the High Street. 我们开车从桥下经过,来到商业大街上。

      The cord will have to go under the table and behind the couch. 这根电线必须从桌子下面和长沙发的后面穿过。

       Synonyms and related words
      Under or below: under, below, lower...
    5. e.
      below the surface of water 在水里;在水面以下

      The ducks kept diving under the water to catch fish. 鸭子不停地潜入水中抓鱼。

      He was the first person to claim there was oil under the North Sea. 他是第一个声称北海海底有石油的人。

      She jumped in the pool and went under. 她跳进水池,潜入水下。

       Synonyms and related words
      Under or below: under, below, lower...
  2. 2
    less than a particular amount, or younger than a particular age 少于;小于;低于;比(年龄)小

    There is a working holiday scheme for British citizens, but you have to be under 26. 有一个面向英国公民的工作休假制度,但只有26岁以下的人才能享受。

    Together they control just under 50% of the company. 他们总共控制了公司将将不到50%的份额。

    A visa is not required for a stay of under three months. 停留3个月以下不需要签证。

    The car can get from standstill up to 60 miles per hour in under six seconds. 这辆车能在不到6秒的时间内从静止提速到每小时60英里。

    The nursery is open for children aged four and under. 这家托儿所接收4岁和4岁以下的儿童。

     Synonyms and related words
     Synonyms and related words
    Less and not as much: less, under, least...
    See also underage
  3. 3
    in the process of being affected or controlled by a particular action, situation, or state 在…的影响下;在…的控制下

    The ship came under attack from enemy aircraft. 轮船遭到敌机的袭击。

    A number of proposals are under consideration. 许多建议正在考虑之中。

    The building is still under construction. 这栋建筑物尚在建造中。

    Costello's business dealings have been under investigation by the FBI for months. 科斯特洛的商业交易已被联邦调查局调查了好几个月。

    I've been under a lot of stress at work lately. 最近我的工作压力非常大。

    Police claim the situation is now under control. 警方声称局势现在已得到控制。

    Evidence suggests that the driver of the car was under the influence of drugs. 证据表明汽车司机吸食过毒品。

  4. 4
    used for saying that something happens when particular conditions exist 在…情况下

    His older brother was forced to leave Hong Kong the year before under similar circumstances. 他哥哥前一年在类似情况下被迫离开香港。

    The UN inspectors would be allowed access to the eight sites, but only under certain conditions. 联合国调查人员只是在某些条件下才获准进入这8个场所。

    under the circumstances :

    Under the circumstances, Kane felt he had no option but to resign. 在这种情况下,凯恩觉得他除了辞职别无选择。

  5. 5
    according to a particular law, agreement, or system 按照,依据(法律、协议或制度)

    Under the terms of the agreement, our company will receive 40% of the profits. 根据协议的条款,我们公司将得到40%的利润。

    The boy is considered a minor under British law. 依据英国法律,这个男孩被看作未成年人。

    All individuals have basic human rights, that are recognized under international law. 所有的人都享有国际法认可的基本人权。

     Synonyms and related words
  6. 6
    used for stating that something happens when a particular person or government is in power 在…的统治下

    The book describes life in Russia under the Soviet regime. 这本书描写了纳粹统治下德国的生活。

    Dr Owen had served as Foreign Secretary under the previous government. 欧文博士担任过前一届政府的外交大臣。

    Some former conservatives are returning to the party under the new leader. 一些过去的保守党人在新领导人执政时重返该党。

  7. 7
    using a particular name in official situations, often a name that is not your own 使用…之名

    Carson had been travelling under a false name. 卡森一直以假名旅行。

    Wight's books, published under the pen name James Herriot, became best-sellers. 怀特的书以笔名詹姆斯·赫里奥特出版,成了畅销书。

    Ms Hay has continued to work under her maiden name since her marriage. 海女士婚后继续用未婚时的名字工作。

     Synonyms and related words
  8. 8
    if you work or study under a particular person, they are your employer or teacher 在…的手下;在…的指导下

    I've worked under a few managers in my time, and Mr Laurie is undoubtedly the best. 我在好几位经理手下工作过,但劳里先生无疑是最好的一位。

    He studied under Chomsky in the 1960s. 他于20世纪60年代在乔姆斯基的指导下学习。

     Synonyms and related words
    Describing or relating to teaching or learning: academic, advanced, applied...
  9. 9
    if something is under a particular section, word, letter etc, this is where it can be found 列在…之下;属于

    Look under Section Q and you'll find all the details. 在Q部分查一查,你会找到全部细节。

    Those forms are in the filing cabinet under ‘Miscellaneous'. 那些表格在“杂项类”的文件柜里。

    The tickets should be under the name ‘Carlson'. 这些票应属于“卡尔森”名下的。

  10. 10
    unconscious after being given a drug to prevent you from feeling pain (服麻醉药后)失去知觉

    The nurse was still speaking as I felt myself going under. 护士仍在说话,而我感到自己渐渐失去了知觉。

     Synonyms and related words
    Asleep and unconscious: asleep, unconscious, comatose...
  11. 11
    believing that something is happening or is true, especially when you are wrong about this (尤指看法不正确时)以为…
    be under the impression/delusion :

    I was under the impression that Faye had paid for the trip herself – but it seems I was wrong. 我以为费伊已经自己支付了旅行费,但好像我错了。

  12. 12
    receiving some type of medical treatment 在(治疗)中

    Several players are under treatment for injuries. 好几个运动员正在疗伤。

    under the doctor :

    She's been under the doctor for her skin problems. 她一直在接受皮肤病治疗。

    under sedation/anaesthetic :

    Many of the victims were under sedation after the attack. 其中许多受害人在袭击发生后处于镇静剂的作用之下。

  13. 13
    during a particular period of the Zodiac 在(某个星座)期间

    I was born under the sign of Taurus, the bull. 我属于金牛星座。

     Synonyms and related words
    Astrology: Aquarius, Aries, astrologer...
See also

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