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BNC: 40 COCA: 40
if
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conjunction /ɪf/
  1. 1
    in a possible or imagined situation
    1. a.
      used for introducing a situation that may happen or may be real, especially when talking about its results （尤用于谈论可能发生或可能存在的情况的结果）如果，若

      If we miss the last bus, we'll have to walk home. 如果我们错过末班车，就得步行回家。

      If anyone has found a bunch of keys, would they please leave them on my desk. 若有人拾到一串钥匙，请放在我桌上。

      if you want/like :

      You can come and stay with us if you want. 如果你愿意，可以过来和我们呆在一起。

      if so (=if this is true) 如果是的话 :

      Are you planning to return to work, and if so, who is going to look after the baby? 你是否打算回去工作，如果是的话，谁来照顾孩子？

      if not (=if this is not true) 如果不是的话 :

      Has anyone dealt with the technical problems? And if not, why not? 有人来解决这些技术问题了吗？如果没有，那是为什么？

      if necessary/if possible (=if it is necessary/possible) 如果必要/可能的话 :

      We are ready to fight for our rights if necessary. 我们已经准备好必要时为自己的权利而战。

      I should like to be back here by 10.30 if possible. 如果可能的话，我会在 10∶30 前返回。

       Synonyms and related words
      Conjunctions: albeit, although, and...
    2. b.
      used for introducing a situation or condition that must exist before something else happens （用于引出某事发生的条件）如果，前提是

      Okay I'll come with you if you'll promise not to go too fast. 行，我和你一块来，前提是你保证不要走得太快。

      only if :

      The rebels say they are ready to stop fighting, but only if the prisoners are released. 叛乱者声称只有释放那些罪犯，他们才准备停止战斗。

       Synonyms and related words
      Conjunctions: albeit, although, and...
    3. c.
      used for introducing a situation that does not exist now and is unlikely or impossible, especially when talking about its imaginary results （尤用于谈论不可能或不存在的情况的假想的结果）如果，假使

      If Luke paid more attention in class, he would achieve better results. 如果卢克上课时再专心些，他会取得更好的成绩。

      If Freud were alive today, he would approve of our methods. 假使弗洛伊德今天还活着，他会赞成我们的方法。

      If you should happen to meet Diane, would you give her a message. 如果你真碰见黛安娜，帮我给她捎个信儿好吗？

      If anyone were to complain, I should merely tell them to write to the manager. 如果有人投诉，我只会告诉他们写信给经理。

      even if :

      I'd never sell this painting, even if they offered me a million dollars. 我决不会卖这幅画，即使他们出100万美元。

       Synonyms and related words
      Conjunctions: albeit, although, and...
    4. d.
      used for introducing a situation that might have existed in the past but did not exist, especially when talking about what its results might have been （尤用于谈论过去本来可能存在却并不存在的情况的可能的结果）如果，要是

      If I'd known you were coming, I would have had a meal ready for you. 如果我早知你会来，我就会为你准备好饭了。

      If the new safety system had been in use, the accident would never have happened. 要是新的保安系统已投入使用，这场事故决不会发生。

       Synonyms and related words
      Conjunctions: albeit, although, and...
  2. 2
    used for introducing a situation that always has the same result, meaning, or effect （用于引出总是拥有同一结果、意义或效果的情况）只要，如果

    I always get a headache if I watch too much television. 只要看电视时间过长，我就会头痛。

    If you drive without insurance, you're breaking the law. 如果没有投保就开车，你就违法了。

     Synonyms and related words
    Conjunctions: albeit, although, and...
  3. 3
    whether
    1. a.
      used in indirect questions that ask whether something is true （用于间接疑问句中）是否

      She asked me if I was fond of music. 她问我是否喜欢音乐。

      Can you tell me if they're planning to come? 你能告诉我他们是否打算过来吗？

       Synonyms and related words
      Conjunctions: albeit, although, and...
    2. b.
      used when talking about something that is not certain （用于表示对某事不确定）是否

      I doubt if anyone will be interested in the programme. 我怀疑是否有人会对这个计划感兴趣。

      Palmer still hasn't decided if he's going to play in Saturday's match. 帕尔默还没有决定是否要参加星期六的比赛。

       Synonyms and related words
      Conjunctions: albeit, although, and...
  4. 4
    used for introducing the reason that you think someone may want to know something （用于引出自己认为某人想要知道某事的原因）如果

    There are plenty of taxis if you're in a hurry. 如果你要赶时间，这儿有许多出租车。

    If you really want to know, I'm fed up with this stupid job. 如果你真想知道的话，那就是我受够了这愚蠢的工作。

    If anyone asks you where I am, I'll be in the library. 如果有人问起你我在哪里，说我会在图书馆。

     Synonyms and related words
    Conjunctions: albeit, although, and...
  5. 5
    used for saying how you feel about a possibility
    1. a.
      used for saying how you feel about the possibility that something may happen or be true （用于表示对可能发生或存在的事情的感觉）如果

      I'm sorry if I've said anything that has caused offence. 如果我说的话有冒犯之处，我表示抱歉。

      I don't care if I never see her again. 如果再也见不到她，我也不在乎。

       Synonyms and related words
      Conjunctions: albeit, although, and...
    2. b.
      used when expressing an opinion about an imagined situation （用于表示对设想之情况的看法）要是，如果

      It would be a pity if they had to cancel the show. 如果他们不得不取消这场表演，那真是遗憾。

      Wouldn't it be nice if we could spend more time with the children? 要是我们能和孩子们多呆一些时间不是很好吗？

       Synonyms and related words
      Conjunctions: albeit, although, and...
  6. 6
    used in requests spoken
    1. a.
      used when politely asking someone to do something or when asking for permission to do something （用于表示礼貌地请某人做某事或请求某人的同意）如果

      I would be grateful if you would send me further details of the programme. 如果您能给我寄些有关该计划的更详细的资料我将不胜感激。

      if you don't mind/if it's all right with you :

      If you don't mind, I'd like to sit at the back. 如果你不介意，我想坐在后排。

       Synonyms and related words
      Conjunctions: albeit, although, and...
    2. b.
      used when politely trying to add something to a conversation or discussion （用于表示试图在谈话或讨论中礼貌地补充某事物）如果

      If I could just make a suggestion – why don't we invite Andrew to our next meeting? 如果我可以提个建议的话，我们何不邀请安德鲁参加我们的下一次会议？

       Synonyms and related words
      Conjunctions: albeit, although, and...
  7. 7
    used for introducing a remark that makes your description seem slightly less positive or certain （用于引出使自己的描述稍显不太肯定的评论）尽管

    The stories are basically true, if a little exaggerated. 这些故事基本属实，尽管有一点儿夸张。

    Donald's essays are always interesting, if sometimes rather careless. 唐纳德的文章总是很有趣，尽管有时候相当草率马虎。

     Synonyms and related words
    Conjunctions: albeit, although, and...
  8. 8
    used for referring to something that someone may have noticed, before explaining the reason for it （用于表示某人可能已经注意到某事物，然后进行解释）如果，要是

    If I seem angry sometimes, it's usually because I'm very tired. 如果我有时看上去有些生气，通常是因为太累。

     Synonyms and related words
    Conjunctions: albeit, although, and...
  9. 9
    used for suggesting that something may possibly be more or less, better or worse etc than you have stated （用于表示某事物可能与所陈述的有出入）

    Fodor's predictions have seldom if ever been proved wrong. 福多尔的预言很少被证明是错的。

    if not :

    The changes will affect thousands, if not millions, of ordinary people. 这些变化即使不会影响到数百万普通民众，至少也会影响到几千人。

     Synonyms and related words
    Conjunctions: albeit, although, and...
  10. 10
    spoken used for introducing a negative expression to emphasize that you think something is very surprising or shocking （用于引出否定表达方式，强调某事物令人吃惊或震惊）

    Well, if that isn't the stupidest thing I ever heard! 啊，这简直是我听过的最愚蠢的事！

     Synonyms and related words
    Conjunctions: albeit, although, and...
See also
if
noun /ɪf/

phrases

  • ifs and buts

    attempts to argue against doing something or to suggest difficulties 托词；借口

    Let's have no ifs and buts, I'm determined to proceed with the plan. 我们别再找托词了，我决心要将计划进行下去。

     Synonyms and related words
    Arguments: argument, disagreement, conflict...

  • it's/that's a big if

    used for emphasizing that something is not certain at all （用于强调某事的不确定性）这仅仅是个假设而已

    If we move – and that's a big if – I'll have to find a new job. 如果我们搬走——这仅仅是个假设而已——我就得去找份新工作。

     Synonyms and related words
    Not likely to happen: unlikely, doubtful, remote...
BNC: 40 COCA: 40
BNC: 40 COCA: 40

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