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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 5023 COCA: 4644
scratch
verb /skrætʃ/
present tense
I/you/we/theyscratch
he/she/itscratches
present participlescratching
past tensescratched
past participlescratched
  1. 1
    [I/T] to pull your nails along your skin, especially because you have an itch that makes you want to do this (尤指因皮肤发痒)抓,挠

    Stop scratching! 别抓了!

    Scratch my back for me, will you. 帮我挠挠背,好吗?

     Synonyms and related words
    To rub and rubbing: rub, knead, scratch...
  2. 2
    [T] to cut someone's skin slightly with something sharp 擦伤,刮伤,抓伤(皮肤)

    Don't worry: the cat won't scratch you. 别担心,这猫不会抓伤你。

    The tree's branches had scratched his hands and they were bleeding. 树枝刮伤了他的手,伤口在流血。

     Synonyms and related words
    To injure yourself or someone else: injure, harm, wound...
    1. a.
      to damage a surface by marking it with something sharp or rough 划破;刻破

      Someone's scratched my car door. 有人把我的车门刮花了。

       Synonyms and related words
      To damage or spoil something: damage, spoil, mark...
  3. 3
    [I/T] to move something sharp against a hard surface and make a noise 刮擦使发出刺耳声
    scratch at :

    I could hear the dog scratching at the back door. 我能听见狗在抓后门。

     Synonyms and related words
    1. a.
      [I] to produce new sounds by moving a record backwards and forwards quickly with your hand while the stylus is resting on the record 摩擦音带;做出擦音效果
       Synonyms and related words
      To make miscellaneous sounds: babble, blow, burble...
  4. 4
    [T] to remove something, for example a word from a sentence or something from a list 划掉;删除
     Synonyms and related words
    Editing, adapting and proofreading: abridge, adapt, append...
     Synonyms and related words
    1. a.
      to remove someone from a race before it begins 使退出比赛;使弃权
       Synonyms and related words
  5. 5
    [T] informal to decide not to continue with something such as a plan or a project 终止(计划)
     Synonyms and related words
  6. 6
    [T] informal to write something very quickly and carelessly 仓促写下
     Synonyms and related words
    To write something: write, set down, compose...
  7. 7
    [I/T] especially in rap music, to produce rhythmic scratching sounds by moving a disc backwards and forwards with your hand

    The turntable allows the DJ to mix and scratch the music that is being played.

    From beat mixing, to scratching, to tone play – he does it all.

     Synonyms and related words
    Playing, performing and arranging music: accompany, arrange, articulation...

derived word

scratched

adjective

a badly scratched CD 严重刮伤的CD

 Synonyms and related words
Broken, torn or damaged: broken, battered, faulty...
scratch
noun /skrætʃ/
singularscratch
pluralscratches
  1. 1
    [C] a cut on the surface of your skin (皮肤上的)刮痕,擦痕

    Don't worry. It's just a scratch. 别担心,这只是个抓痕。

     Synonyms and related words
    1. a.
      [C] a thin mark on a surface 刻痕

      There were some nasty scratches on the paintwork. 涂好的油漆上面有一些讨厌的划痕。

       Synonyms and related words
    2. b.
      [singular] used for emphasizing that someone is not hurt at all or that something is not damaged at all 安然无恙

      Fortunately I walked away from the accident without a scratch. 幸运的是我在事故中竟然安然无恙。

      a used car that doesn't have a scratch on it 没有一丝刮痕的二手车

       Synonyms and related words
      Not injured, wounded or hurt: unharmed, unhurt, unscathed...
  2. 2
    [C] [usually singular] the action of pulling your nails along your skin 抓;搔
    have a scratch :

    The dog was having a good scratch against the furniture. 狗正在家具上舒服地蹭痒。

     Synonyms and related words
  3. 3
    [C] a sound made by moving something sharp or rough against a hard surface 刮擦声

    We heard the scratch of a cat's claws against a tree. 我们听见猫爪子抓树的嚓嚓声。

     Synonyms and related words
scratch
adjective /skrætʃ/
  1. 1
    a scratch team or game is one that is organized quickly using any players who are available (体育队或比赛)仓促拼凑的
     Synonyms and related words
  2. 2
    a scratch player is one who does not have a handicap (体育比赛)无让先的,平等竞赛的
     Synonyms and related words
    Golf: ace, backswing, birdie...

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