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TOEFL BNC: 1671 COCA: 3843
sum
noun [C] /sʌm/
singularsum
pluralsums
  1. 1
    an amount of money 金额;款项

    He was fined a sum of £1,000. 他被处以1,000英镑的罚金。

    a large/substantial/considerable/huge sum :

    Companies are prepared to pay substantial sums for the use of our facilities. 多家公司愿意花巨资使用我们的设备。

    a sum of money :

    We already spend large sums of money on advertising. 我们已在广告上投了大把大把的钱。

     Synonyms and related words
  2. 2
    [often plural] British a simple calculation. To do a sum is to calculate something. 简单的计算
     Synonyms and related words
  3. 3
    a total amount made by adding several numbers or amounts together 总数;总和
    sum of :

    The total area was calculated as the sum of all the individual areas in the plan. 总面积计为平面图上所有的单个面积之和。

     Synonyms and related words
sum
verb /sʌm/
present tense
I/you/we/theysum
he/she/itsums
present participlesumming
past tensesummed
past participlesummed

phrasal verb

sum up

present tense
I/you/we/theysum up
he/she/itsums up
present participlesumming up
past tensesummed up
past participlesummed up
  1. 1
    [I/T] to give a summary of something 总结,归纳,概括(要点)

    I'll sum up briefly and then we'll take questions. 我先简单做个总结,然后我们会接受提问。

    Summing up the discussion, he said that all parties would consider how best to resolve the problem. 总结这次讨论时,他说各方将考虑以最佳方式来解决这个问题。

     Synonyms and related words
    To write or give a summary: summarize, sum up, outline...
    1. a.
      legal if a judge sums up a case, they give a summary of all the evidence that has been given (法官)结案陈词

      The judge will sum up the evidence tomorrow. 法官将在明天做结案陈词。

      Summing up, Mr Justice Kay directed the jury to consider whether the accused had acted intentionally.

       Synonyms and related words
      Court cases and legal processes: action, admit, advocacy...
  2. 2
    [T] to make a statement that shows what something or someone is like 概括

    Her reply seemed to sum up the attitude of all the refugees. 她的答复似乎概括了全体难民的态度。

     Synonyms and related words
    To write or give a summary: summarize, sum up, outline...
  3. 3
    [T] to make a judgment about what someone or something is like 估量;判断

    I'd already summed him up, and I knew he'd be difficult to work with. 我早就对他作出了判断,我知道他会是个难以共事的人。

     Synonyms and related words

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