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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 5599 COCA: 6576
spontaneous
adjective /spɒnˈteɪniəs/
  1. happening in a natural way without being planned or thought about 自然发生的;一时冲动的;自发的

    spontaneous applause/cheers 自发的鼓掌/欢呼

    He was suddenly filled with tears of spontaneous emotion. 他突然激动得热泪盈眶。

     Synonyms and related words
    Not planned: random, arbitrary, spontaneous...
    1. a.
      used in a positive way about someone who often behaves in a natural and friendly way, without worrying about what they say or do 自然的;天真直率的

      Ellie's one of the most spontaneous, fun-loving people I know. 埃莉是我所认识的最天真率直、爱开玩笑的人之一。

       Synonyms and related words
      Friendly: friendly, nice, warm...
    2. b.
      science used about chemical or biological changes or processes that happen suddenly in a natural way (化学或生物变化或过程)自发的,非外力诱发的

      spontaneous wildfires 自燃的野火

      spontaneous contractions of the muscles in the oesophagus 食管肌肉的自动收缩

       Synonyms and related words
      Describing chemicals and chemical processes: active, aerobic, alkaline...

derived words

spontaneously

adverb
 Synonyms and related words
Not planned: random, arbitrary, spontaneous...

spontaneousness

noun [U]
 Synonyms and related words
Not planned: random, arbitrary, spontaneous...

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