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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2273 COCA: 3576
recession
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noun [C/U] economics /rɪˈseʃ(ə)n/
singularrecession
pluralrecessions
  1. a period when trade and industry are not successful and there is a lot of unemployment （经济的）衰退期

    the recession in the building industry 建筑业的萧条期

    The economy was in recession. 经济在衰退。

    As the recession deepened, the group folded. 随着经济衰退的加重，这个集团倒闭了。

     Synonyms and related words
    Economy and economics: agronomics, austerity, boom...

derived word

recessionary

adjective
 Synonyms and related words
Describing or relating to economies and economic systems: aggregate, ailing, antigrowth...
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2273 COCA: 3576
recession

noun

ADJECTIVE | VERB + RECESSION | RECESSION + VERB | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤bad, deep, major, serious, severe, sharp, steep大蕭條；嚴重衰退；急劇衰退◇It was the worst recession since the war.這是戰爭以來最蕭條的時期。➤mild, shallow輕微衰退➤double-dip (= a second decrease after a period of improvement) (especially NAmE) 雙谷經濟衰退◇The US managed to avoid a double-dip recession.美國設法避免了一次雙谷經濟衰退。➤long, prolonged長期的蕭條▸➤short, short-lived短暫的衰退➤impending, looming即將來臨的蕭條➤deepening越來越嚴重的蕭條➤global, international, national, world, worldwide全球性的衰退；國際性的蕭條；全國性的蕭條；全世界範圍的不景氣▸➤economic, industrial經濟／工業蕭條VERB + RECESSION➤cause, induce, trigger造成不景氣；引起蕭條▸➤enter, go into, move into進入衰退期➤fall into, plunge (sth) into, push sth into, sink into, slide into, slip into, throw sth into, tip (sth) into開始衰退；使（⋯）陷入衰退期 ◇A rise in interest rates plunged Britain deeper into recession.利率的提高導致英國經濟更加蕭條。➤experience, suffer, suffer from經歷衰退；遭遇衰退◇Germany was suffering a steep recession.當時德國正陷於急劇的經濟衰退之中。➤deepen, prolong加劇／延長衰退◇These reforms will only deepen the recession.這些改革將只會加劇經濟蕭條。➤combat, fight和蕭條抗爭➤avoid, beat, prevent避免／對抗／防止衰退▸➤climb out of, come out of, emerge from, get (sth) out of, lead sth out of, move out of, pull (sth) out of走出衰退期；從不景氣中掙脫出來；使（⋯）擺脫蕭條◇active policies to pull the country out of recession使國家走出衰退期的積極政策➤end結束衰退▸➤escape, escape from擺脫衰退狀況▸➤ride out, survive, weather走出／安全度過／經受衰退期◇As dozens of companies go out of business, others are riding out the recession.在大量公司紛紛倒閉之際，其他一些公司卻安全挺過蕭條期。➤worsen使衰退加劇RECESSION + VERB➤begin, start蕭條開始➤end蕭條結束▸➤loom蕭條降臨◇With a recession looming, consumers are spending less.經濟日漸蕭條，人們的消費也越來越少了。➤hit sth蕭條衝擊⋯◇The country has been hit by recession.該國受到經濟蕭條的衝擊。➤bottom out衰退降至最低點PREPOSITION➤in (a/the) recession處於衰退期◇The economy is in deep recession.經濟極其蕭條。PHRASES➤the depth of the recession蕭條程度➤the effects of the recession, the impact of the recession蕭條的影響▸➤in the depths of a recession, in times of recession處於極度蕭條期；在蕭條期間▸➤recovery from (the) recession, a way out of the recession經濟復蘇；擺脫蕭條之法  ➡ topic at business
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2273 COCA: 3576
recession

noun

recession ♦︎ depression ♦︎ slump ♦︎ slowdown ♦︎ troughThese are all words for a difficult period of time for business or the economy. 这些词均表示生意或经济不景气、萧条。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达不景气的程度
slowdown➔slump➔recession➔depression
trough
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆in recession / a depression / a slump / a trough◆a major / serious / severe recession / depression / slump◆an economic recession / depression / slump / slowdown◆a worldwide recession / depression / slump / slowdown◆to cause a recession / slump / slowdown◆to go into recession / depression■ recession rɪˈseʃn [countable, uncountable] a difficult time for the economy of a country, when there is less trade and industrial activity than usual and more people are unemployed 经济衰退；经济萎缩◆How do you assess the impact of the current recession on manufacturing?你如何评价时下经济萎缩对制造业的影响？◆We need active policies to pull the country out of recession.我们需要积极的政策来引导国家走出经济萎缩。◆These industries have been hit hard by the recession.这些行业受到经济衰退的严重冲击。■ depression dɪˈpreʃn [countable, uncountable] a difficult time for a country when there is little economic activity and many people are unemployed and poor 萧条期；经济衰退；不景气◆The country was in the grip of (an) economic depression.当时国家正陷入经济萧条。◆He grew up during the Great Depression of the 1930s.他成长于20世纪30年代的经济大萧条时期。▸ depressed

adjective

◆They have made little attempt to bring jobs to economically depressed areas.在为经济萧条地区创造就业机会方面他们几乎没有作过什么努力。■ slump [countable] (especially journalism 尤用于新闻 or business 商业) a period when a country's economy or a business is doing badly 萧条期；衰退◆Housing sales are finally coming out of a three-month slump.房屋销售终于走出了连续三个月的萧条期。◆The toy industry is in a slump.现在玩具业不景气。 OPP boom ⇨ do well   see also slump ⇨ reduction ■ slowdown ˈsləʊdaʊn; NAmE ˈsloʊdaʊn [countable] (especially business 尤用于商业) a reduction in speed or activity, especially in business or the economy （尤指企业或经济的发展）减速，减缓◆There has been a slowdown in economic growth in recent months.最近几个月经济增长减缓。■ trough trɒf; NAmE trɔːf [countable] (especially business 尤用于商业) a period of time when the level of sth is low, especially a time when a business or the economy is not growing 低谷；（企业或经济的）低潮，萧条阶段◆There have been peaks and troughs in the long-term trend of unemployment.长期以来失业率一直时起时伏。 OPP peak ⇨ peak NOTE 辨析 Which word?A slowdown is the least serious of these and a depression is the most serious. A slowdown, slump or trough might affect the economy of a country generally, or just one particular business or industry; it usually lasts a period of months and is sometimes regarded as part of the normal business cycle. A recession affects a whole industry or a country's whole economy, and it can last for years. It is not usually regarded as part of the normal business cycle. However, a recession is still considered chiefly in terms of its effects on business and the economy; depression is used especially when you are considering the effect of recession on the lives of ordinary people, especially the difficult situation caused by poverty and unemployment when this affects a very large number of people. The Great Depression was the worldwide economic depression that followed the American stock market crash in 1929. 这些词中，slowdown的程度最轻，而depression最为严重。slowdown、slump或trough可能影响一个国家的整体经济状况，或仅影响某个企业或行业，通常会持续几个月的时间，有时被视为正常商业周期的一部分。recession影响的是整个行业或一国的整体经济，可持续数年，通常不被视为正常商业周期的一部分。不过，recession的影响仍被认为主要在商业和经济方面；depression的影响主要在百姓生活方面，尤指波及面很广，贫困和失业使得很多人生活艰难。the Great Depression指1929年美国股市暴跌后全球性的经济大萧条。

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