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IELTS BNC: 832 COCA: 1185
argument
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noun /ˈɑː(r)ɡjʊmənt/
singularargument
pluralarguments
  1. 1
    [C] an angry disagreement between people 争论；争执；争吵

    a heated argument (=extremely angry disagreement) 激烈的争吵

    without an argument :

    They won't accept higher prices without an argument. 他们不会毫无异议地接受更高的价格。

    have an argument (with someone) :

    I've had an argument with my girlfriend. 我与我女朋友吵了一架。

    get into an argument (with someone) :

    Every time we visit my family, he gets into an argument with my sister. 每次我们回我家，他都要跟我姐争吵一番。

    argument about/over :

    I try to avoid arguments about money. 我竭力避免为钱的问题争吵。

     Synonyms and related words
    Arguments: argument, disagreement, conflict...
    1. a.
      a discussion or debate between people with different views, opinions etc 辩论；争辩
      win/lose an argument :

      We can win this argument if we present the facts clearly. 如果我们把事实陈述清楚，我们就会赢得这场辩论。

      argument about/over :

      The party is involved in an argument over economic policy. 该党卷入了一场有关经济政策的辩论。

       Synonyms and related words
      Discussions and debates: discussion, debate, argument...
  2. 2
    [C/U] a reason or set of reasons that you use for persuading other people to support your views, opinions etc 理由；论据；论点

    The Court of Appeal rejected her arguments. 上诉法庭对她的申辩不予考虑。

    His main argument is stated in the opening chapter. 他在开篇第一章陈述了主要论点。

    argument for/against :

    There are powerful arguments against releasing them from prison. 有强有力的论据反对释放他们出狱。

    You could make an argument for working shorter hours. 你们可以提出缩短工作时间的理由。

     Synonyms and related words
    Explanations and explaining: explanation, interpretation, instructions...
Metaphor: argument
An argument is like a fight or war, with people attacking each other's opinions and defending their own. 争论像战斗（fight）或战争（war），人们相互攻击对方的观点并为自己的观点辩护。
  • She tried to defend herself against his attacks on her ideas. 她努力为自己辩护，驳斥他对她观点的攻击。
  • She shot down his argument. 她驳倒了他的论点。
  • That is an indefensible point of view. 那是个站不住脚的观点。
  • I decided to pursue another line of attack. 我决定寻求另一条攻击线路。
  • We had a big fight last night, and I went home early. 我们昨晚大吵了一场，然后我早早回家了。
  • There was a lot of conflict over what to do next. 下一步要做什么尚有许多争议。
  • They clashed over who to appoint. 他们在任命谁的问题上发生了冲突。
  • It was a real battle of wits. 这是一场真正的智慧的较量。
  • We did battle with the council about the plans. 我们就这些计划与市议会发生了争执。
  • I've crossed swords with them before. 我过去与他们有过交锋。
  • Tom is always the first to leap to her defence. 汤姆总是第一个跳起来为她辩护。
➡  angry, criticize, idea
IELTS BNC: 832 COCA: 1185
argument

noun¹

 1discussion討論ADJECTIVE | VERB + ARGUMENT | ARGUMENT + VERB | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤bitter, heated, violent激烈的爭論▸➤big大吵◇I had a big argument with my mother this morning.今天早上我和媽媽大吵了一架。➤little, petty, pointless, silly, stupid小爭執；無謂的爭吵；愚蠢的爭吵➤age-old由來已久的爭論VERB + ARGUMENT➤become involved in, get into, get involved in, have捲入爭吵；進行爭論◇I don't want to get into an argument with her.我可不想和她爭吵。➤cause, provoke, start引起爭吵；引發爭執▸➤lose, win辯輸；辯贏◇I was determined to win the argument.我決心贏得這場爭論。➤settle解決爭論◇Jory was always the one who settled arguments between us.喬里總是能解決我們之間的爭論。ARGUMENT + VERB➤arise, break out, develop, erupt爭執發生；爭吵爆發；爭執逐漸產生◇Minutes later a violent argument erupted.幾分鐘後爆發了激烈的爭吵。➤ensue爭吵隨即發生◇He felt offended by the suggestion, and a violent argument ensued.這個建議惹惱了他，於是一場激烈的爭吵在所難免。➤rage爭論激烈進行◇the bitter arguments raging about who was the real winner就誰是真正的獲勝者而進行的激烈爭論PREPOSITION➤argument about有關⋯的爭論◇We had an argument about what we should buy.我們為該買什麼發生了爭執。➤argument between⋯之間的爭執◇an argument between her parents她父母之間的爭吵➤argument over有關⋯的爭論◇The argument over decentralization will probably continue for ever.關於權力下放的爭論很可能會一直持續下去。➤argument with與⋯的爭論◇an argument with his wife與他妻子的爭吵PHRASES➤brook no argument不容爭辯◇'You'll come home with me.' His voice brooked no argument.“你得跟我回家。”他不容爭辯地說。
argument

noun²

 2reason supporting opinion理由ADJECTIVE | VERB + ARGUMENT | ARGUMENT + VERB | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤basic, general基本論點；總的論據▸➤central, main中心論點；主要論據➤closing終結辯論◇In her closing argument, the prosecutor said that the hairs found on the defendant matched those of the victim.在終結辯論中，公訴人說被告身上發現的頭髮與被害人的一模一樣。➤forceful, good, major, powerful, sound, strong, valid有力的／可成立的／主要的／強有力的／站得住腳的／有分量的／有根據的論據▸➤cogent, compelling, conclusive, convincing, persuasive強有力的論據；令人信服的論據；有說服力的論據◇There is a convincing argument for the Federal Government to take greater responsibility for cities.論據有力地說明聯邦政府應該對城市承擔起更大的責任。◇The author makes a compelling argument for the use of hydrogen as a fuel.作者主張用氫氣作燃料，提出的論據很有說服力。➤credible, plausible可信的／貌似有理的論點◇Their argument sounds plausible, but is it really valid?他們的論點聽起來有道理，但確實有根據嗎？➤substantive (formal, especially NAmE) 實質性論據▸➤bogus, fallacious (formal) , slippery-slope, specious (formal) , spurious, weak偽造的論點；錯誤的論據；有誤導性的論據；似是而非的論點；沒有說服力的論據➤ridiculous荒唐可笑的論點➤circular循環論據➤legitimate, reasonable合乎情理的論據▸➤logical, rational, reasoned, well-reasoned合乎邏輯的論據；合理的論據；非常有道理的論據➤opposing對立的論據▸➤economic, legal, moral, philosophical, political, theoretical, etc.經濟、法律、道德、哲學、政治、理論等依據VERB + ARGUMENT➤advance, deploy, make, mount, offer, present, put forward, use提出論點；展開論點；陳述論點◇He put forward some very convincing arguments.他提出了一些非常令人信服的論點。➤articulate清楚地闡述論點▸➤develop詳細闡述論點◇This argument is developed further in the next chapter.下一章將對這個論點作進一步的闡述。➤build, construct, formulate, frame表述論據◇the language used to frame the legal arguments表述法律論據的語言➤reiterate, repeat重申／重複論點▸➤bolster, buttress, illustrate, reinforce, strengthen, support, underline支持論點；闡明論點；強化論點；強調論點◇Do you have any evidence to support your argument?你有證據支持你的論點嗎？➤consider, hear, listen to考慮論點；聽取論點陳述；（注意地）聽論述➤address評論論點◇I'll briefly address each argument.我將對每一個論點進行簡單地評論。➤accept, agree with接受／同意論點▸➤dismiss, reject不再考慮／拒絕接受某論點◇The company dismissed his arguments as alarmist.公司認為他的觀點是危言聳聽而不予理會。➤counter, discredit, rebut, refute反駁論點；懷疑論點；駁斥論點◇She tried to think how to refute the argument on moral grounds.她盡力思索如何從道德的角度來駁斥這個觀點。➤demolish, undercut, undermine, weaken推翻論點；削弱論點➤summarize總結論點➤apply應用論點◇This argument can be applied to other contexts.這個論點可以應用到其他場合。ARGUMENT + VERB➤be based on sth論點基於⋯◇The government's argument is always based on how much such a plan would cost.政府的論點總是建立在這樣的計劃有多大花費的基礎上。➤depend on sth, rely on sth, rest on sth, revolve around sth論點取決於⋯／依賴於⋯／基於⋯／圍繞⋯➤boil down to sth論點歸結為⋯◇As I see it, his argument boils down to a combination of two basic points.在我看來，他的論點可歸結為兩個基本點的結合。➤go, run論點（用某種措辭）表達◇Centralized government, so the argument goes, is too far removed from the problems of ordinary citizens.這種論點指出，集權政府不關心普通公民的困難。➤apply (to sth)論點用於（⋯）◇The same argument applies to adoption.同樣的道理適用於收養。➤justify sth論據證明⋯➤support sth論據支持⋯▸➤imply sth, suggest sth論據暗示⋯◇These arguments suggest that the medical establishment had an interest in suppressing the research.這些論據暗示醫學權威曾有意禁止這項研究。➤show sth論據顯示⋯➤assume sth論據認為⋯PREPOSITION➤argument against反對⋯的理由◇the arguments against lowering taxes反對降低稅收的理由➤argument concerning有關⋯的論點◇arguments concerning the nature of morality關於道德本質的論點➤argument for支持⋯的理由◇There is a very good argument for increasing spending.有非常充足的理由支持增加開支。➤argument in favour/favor of支持⋯的理由◇What are the arguments in favour / favor of change?支持變革的理由是什麼？PHRASES➤all sides of an argument, both sides of an argument一個論點的所有方面／兩個方面◇He was able to see both sides of the argument.他能夠全面地看待這個觀點。➤a flaw in the argument論據中的瑕疵◇I can see no flaw in your argument.我覺得你的論據沒什麼問題。➤a line of argument一種論證方法◇I can see a few problems with this line of argument.我覺得這種論證方法存在幾個問題。
IELTS BNC: 832 COCA: 1185
argument noun
⇨ argument 1 (get into an argument) ⇨ argument 2 (arguments for and against sth)argument1

noun

 have an argument with sb 和某人争吵arguments for and against sth 支持和反对某事的论据  ➡ See also the entry for debate 另见debate条argument ♦︎ row ♦︎ fight ♦︎ quarrel ♦︎ squabble ♦︎ tiff ♦︎ shouting matchThese are all words for a situation in which people disagree and speak angrily to each other. 这些词均表示争辩、争吵。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆an argument / a row / a fight / a quarrel / a squabble / a tiff / a shouting match with sb◆an argument / a row / a fight / a quarrel / a squabble / a tiff / a shouting match between two people◆an argument / a row / a fight / a quarrel / a squabble about / over sth◆a bitter / fierce / violent argument / row / quarrel◆a big argument / row / fight◆to become / get involved in an argument / a row / a fight / a quarrel◆to have an argument / a row / a fight / a tiff◆to get into / start an argument / a fight◆to pick a fight / a quarrel◆to win / lose an argument / a fight◆an argument / a row / a fight / a quarrel breaks out■ argument [countable, uncountable] a conversation or discussion in which two or more people disagree, often angrily 争论；争吵；争辩◆She got into an argument with the teacher.她和老师争论起来。◆After some heated argument a decision was finally made.激烈辩论之后终于作出了决定。■ row raʊ [countable] (BrE, informal) a noisy argument between two or more people, especially about a personal matter （尤指关于个人事务的）吵架，大声争辩◆She left him after a blazing row.大吵一架后，她离他而去。◆He'd had a row with his son.他跟儿子吵了一架。ⓘ In journalism, row is also used to talk about a public disagreement between people or organizations. 在新闻用语中，row还指人与人之间、机构与机构之间公开的意见分歧。   see also row ⇨ confrontation ■ fight [countable] (especially NAmE) an argument between people who know each other, such as family members, friends or romantic partners （熟人之间的）争辩，争吵◆Did you two have a fight?你们俩吵架了吗？◆We had a fight over money.我们因为钱吵了一架。■ quarrel ˈkwɒrəl; NAmE ˈkwɔːrəl, ˈkwɑːrəl [countable] (especially written) an angry disagreement between people, often about a personal matter （常指为个人事务的）争吵，吵架◆I don't want to pick a quarrel with her.我不想找她的碴。ⓘ Quarrel [uncountable] is also a reason for complaining about sb/sth or for disagreeing with sb/sth. * quarrel还指抱怨或反对的理由◆We have no quarrel with his methods.我们没有理由不赞成他的方法。 NOTE 辨析 Argument, row, fight or quarrel?A row, fight or quarrel is usually about a personal matter between people who know each other. * row、fight或quarrel通常是熟人之间关于个人事务的争吵◆We had an argument with the waiter about the bill.我们和服务员因为账单发生口角。◆We had a row/fight/quarrel with the waiter about the bill. Row is only really used in British English; fight is mostly used in American English. A quarrel is usually less violent than a row or fight, but it can be a disagreement that continues over a period of time; an argument can be violent or it can be a serious discussion that involves defending an opinion or position. * row仅用于英式英语，fight多用于美式英语。quarrel通常没有row和fight激烈，但可以持续一段时间。argument可以是激烈的争吵，也可以是为捍卫观点或立场而进行的严肃辩论。 ■ squabble ˈskwɒbl; NAmE ˈskwɑːbl [countable] (rather informal) a noisy argument, especially about sth that is not very important （为小事的）争吵，口角◆There were endless squabbles over who should sit where.为谁该坐哪儿吵个不停。■ tiff [countable] (informal) a small argument between close friends or lovers （朋友或恋人之间的）争执，拌嘴，口角◆She was upset because she'd had a tiff with her boyfriend.她和男友吵了一架，心情很糟。◆It's just a lovers' tiff.那不过是恋人之间的拌嘴。■ ˈshouting match [countable] an argument in which people shout loudly at each other 大吵；高声的争论◆The meeting had turned into a shouting match between the tenants and the landlord.这次会面发展成房客和房东之间的大吵大闹。argument2

noun

 have an argument with sb 和某人争吵arguments for and against sth 支持和反对某事的论据  ➡ See also the entry for reason 另见reason条argument ♦︎ case ♦︎ defence ♦︎ pleaThese are all words for a reason or set of reasons that sb uses to show that sth is true or correct. 这些词均表示论据、论点、理由。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆an argument / a case / a defence for / against sth◆a strong / robust / legal argument / case / defence◆to put forward / strengthen / weaken an argument / a case / a defence◆to support an argument / a case■ argument [countable] a reason or set of reasons that sb uses to show that sth is true or correct 论据；论点；理由◆There are strong arguments for and against childhood vaccinations.支持和反对儿童接种疫苗的双方都有强有力的论据。◆His argument was that public spending must be reduced.他的论点是公共开支必须缩减。◆He was able to see both sides of the argument.他能够一分为二地看待这个论点。  see also argue ⇨ claim verb ■ case [countable, usually singular] a set of facts or arguments that support one side in a trial or discussion （在审判或讨论中支持一方的）论据，事实，理由◆Our lawyer didn't think we had a case (= had enough good arguments to win in court).我们的律师认为我们论据不足，无法赢得官司。◆The report makes out a strong case (= gives good arguments) for spending more money on hospitals.报告充分阐明了增加医院经费的理由。◆the case for the defence / prosecution有利于被告／原告的论据◆the case for / against private education支持／反对实行私立学校教育的理由■ defence (BrE) (NAmE defense) [countable] what is said in court to prove that a person did not commit a crime; the act of presenting this argument in court （法庭上的）辩护，辩词，答辩◆Her defence was that she was somewhere completely different at the time of the crime.她的辩词是案发时她根本就不在现场。◆He wanted to conduct his own defence.他想做自辩。▸ defend

verb

 [transitive, intransitive] ◆He has announced that he will defend himself in the case.他宣称要在这个案子里为自己辩护。◆Who's defending?谁在辩护？■ plea pliː [countable] (always followed by of 总是后接of) (law 法律) a reason given to a court for doing or not doing sth （向法庭提供的）理由，借口，辩解◆He was charged with murder, but got off on a plea of insanity.他被控犯了谋杀罪，但以精神失常为由逃过了惩罚。▸ plead

verb

 [transitive] ◆They hired a top lawyer to plead their case.他们聘请了一名最好的律师帮他们陈述案情。

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