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BNC: 109 COCA: 112
through
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adjective, adverb, preposition /θruː/
Through can be used in the following ways: through有以下用法:
as a preposition (followed by a noun): 用作介词（后接名词）: They were riding through a forest.
as an adverb (without a following noun): 用作副词（后不接名词）: There's a hole in the roof where the rain comes through. 屋顶上有个洞，雨水从洞口滴进来。
as an adjective: 用作形容词: a through train 直达列车。
  1. 1
    from one end or side of something to the other
    1. a.
      into one end of a passage, tube, pipe etc and along it towards the other end 穿过（通道、隧道、管道等）

      The railway runs through a tunnel. 铁路穿过隧道。

      Some pipes were almost blocked, so that hardly any water was trickling through. 有些管道几乎完全被堵住了，因此没什么水流过。

    2. b.
      from one side of a window, door, gate etc to the other side of it 透过，通过（窗、门等）

      She was watching him through the kitchen window. 她透过厨房窗户望着他。

      The man at the gate would not let us through. 门口那人不让我们进去。

      The men raced the stolen car through an army checkpoint at 100 mph. 那些人开着偷来的车以每小时100英里的速度闯过一个军事检查站。

      You could feel the wind whistling through tiny cracks in the wall. 你可以感觉到风呼啸着穿过墙壁上的小裂缝。

       Synonyms and related words
      Function words referring to location: about, across, after...
    3. c.
      making a hole in something, or cutting it into pieces 钻透；割碎

      A workman was drilling through the concrete wall. 一名工人正在水泥墙上钻孔。

      The soles of his shoes were nearly worn through in places. 他鞋底的有些地方几乎都磨穿了。

      Workers had cut through an electrical cable while they were digging. 工人们在挖掘时割断了一根电缆。

    4. d.
      across an area or space, or between a group of things 越过（地区或空间）；在…之间

      Maynard spent a year travelling through Europe and Asia, giving lectures. 梅纳德花了一年的时间在欧洲和亚洲游历讲学。

      The path climbs steeply through the trees. 那条小路在树林里蜿蜒而上，十分陡峭。

      A tiny explosion sent sparks flying through the air. 一次轻微的爆炸产生的火花在空中四散飞舞。

       Synonyms and related words
      Function words referring to location: about, across, after...
  2. 2
    during the whole of a period of time until the end of it 从…开始至结束；从…头到尾

    Only one hotel remained open through the year. 只有一家旅馆终年营业。

    all through :

    He lay awake all through the night. 他一整夜都躺着没睡。

    the whole day/night/year etc through :

    They worked the whole day through. 他们工作了一整天。

    through to (=all the time until) 直到 :

    The training programme will continue through to mid-April. 这个培训项目将一直持续到 4 月中旬。

     Synonyms and related words
    During a particular period of time: during, within, throughout...
  3. 3
    happening because of someone or something 由于；因为

    In 1986 Professor Lowe retired through ill health. 1986年洛教授由于身体不好而退休了。

    Most accidents occur through human error. 大多数事故都是因人为失误而造成的。

     Synonyms and related words
    Because and because of: because, due to, whereas...
  4. 4
    by means of something
    1. a.
      by means of a particular method or experience 以，用，凭借，经由（某种方法或经验）

      Through hard work and determination the team has achieved remarkable success. 凭借努力和决心，该队取得了显著的成绩。

      skills that we can only learn through experience 我们只有通过实践才能学到的技能

       Synonyms and related words
      Describing or relating to ways of doing things: as if, bottom-up, by dint of something...
    2. b.
      using a particular system, service, or person 利用，通过（某系统、服务或人）

      Concert tickets are being sold through the Internet. 音乐会门票正在通过因特网销售。

      Woods issued a statement through his agent. 伍兹通过他的经纪人发表了一份声明。

    3. c.
      if you know or hear of something through another person, they told you about it after hearing it from someone else 从…（得知）

      I heard through a friend of Caroline's that there's been trouble in the family. 我从卡罗琳的朋友那儿得知她家出麻烦了。

  5. 5
    to the end of a bad or difficult experience
    1. a.
      experiencing an unpleasant situation until it ends 经历（不愉快的情形）

      I've been going through hell these last six months, waiting for the trial. 我这6个月来等待审判，经历了地狱般的生活。

      women who had lived through the horror and suffering of war 曾经生活在战争的灾难与痛苦中的妇女

    2. b.
      successfully reaching the end of a difficult situation or period 成功地熬过（困境）

      We have come through the struggle stronger and more united than we were before. 我们成功地经历了斗争的洗礼，比以前更强大、更团结。

      The pain was terrible, but he pulled through when most other men would have died. 虽然疼痛难忍，但他还是硬挺了过来；要是换成其他一些人，其中大部分早就死了。

  6. 6
    having finished an activity or piece of work （做）完（活动或工作）

    I'm not sure what time he'll be through with his meeting. 我拿不准他什么时候开完会。

    Only one more letter to write. I'm nearly through. 只剩下一封信，我就快写完了。

     Synonyms and related words
    Finished and completed: finished, completed, exhausted...
  7. 7
    used for saying that you are connected to someone by phone 接通，打通（电话）
    be/get through :

    I tried to phone the mayor's office, but I couldn't get through. 我想给市长办公室打电话，但就是打不通。

    put someone through (=connect someone to someone else by phone) 帮某人接通（电话） :

    Can you put me through to Mr Pemberton, please? 你能帮我接通彭伯顿先生的电话吗？

     Synonyms and related words
    Using a telephone: answer, busy, call...
  8. 8
    affecting every part of someone or something 在…各处；遍及

    A rumour spread through the camp. 谣言传遍了整个营地。

    Problems extend through the entire system. 问题波及整个系统。

    When she heard Bruno's voice, it sent a chill of terror through her. 当听到布鲁诺的声音时，她恐惧得全身打了个寒颤。

  9. 9
    if you get through an examination or test, you succeed in passing it 通过（考试或测验）

    I'm no good at languages, so I'd never get through the exam. 我语言能力很差，所以我永远都过不了考试那关。

    He took his driving test for the third time and just managed to scrape through. 他第3次参加驾照考试，总算勉强过关。

     Synonyms and related words
    General words for exams and taking exams: assessment, borderline, candidate...
  10. 10
    if a proposal goes through a parliament, it is accepted by it and becomes law （提案）被接受

    An anti-terrorism bill was rushed through parliament. 议会紧急通过了一项反恐提案。

    Congress pushed through very large increases in AIDS funding. 国会大力推动了艾滋病研究资金的大幅增长。

     Synonyms and related words
    Relating to the law or laws, or the work of lawyers: antitrust, appellate, civil...
  11. 11
    reading or looking at every part of something, from the beginning to the end of it （读）遍

    You'd better read through the instructions carefully. 你最好从头到尾仔细地阅读一下说明。

    Christina hastily flicked through her diary. 克里斯蒂娜匆忙翻看了她的日记。

    I've been searching through all the files, but I can't find Hamilton's letter. 我查看了所有的文件，但找不到汉密尔顿的信。

  12. 12
    as far as a place, stage, or level
    1. a.
      if a train, bus etc goes through to a particular town, it goes as far as that town （火车、公共汽车等）直至
      through to :

      Does this train go through to Glasgow? 这列火车开到格拉斯哥吗？

       Synonyms and related words
      Booking on and travelling by transport: aboard, afloat, aisle seat...
    2. b.
      as far as a particular stage or level 到（某个阶段或某种程度）
      through to :

      The course takes students through to university degree level. 这门课程让学生达到大学学位水平。

    3. c.
      successfully reaching a person or place 联系上（某人）；抵达（某地）

      In spite of the terrible weather one plane managed to get through. 尽管天气恶劣，有一架飞机还是成功抵达了。

  13. 13
    used for saying that a large amount of something is used during a period of time 用完某物
    go/work/get through :

    We seem to be getting through two or three boxes of tissues a day. 我们好像一天要用掉两三盒纸巾。

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