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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 653 COCA: 806
standard

noun¹

 1level of quality質量等級ADJECTIVE | VERB + STANDARD | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤high高水平▸➤low, poor低水平；糟糕的質量▸➤certain, minimum某個／最低水平◇Players have to be of a certain standard to compete in the tournament.選手們必須達到一定水平才能參加錦標賽。➤acceptable, adequate, decent, proper, reasonable可接受的／足夠的／尚可的／適當的／合理的水平◇We must ensure proper standards of care for the elderly.我們必須確保老年人得到適當的照料。◇a decent standard of living體面的生活水平➤improved, rising業已改善的／正在提高的水平➤new新標準◇He set a new standard of excellence in detective fiction.他為優秀偵探小說設立了新標準。➤current, modern目前的／現代的標準◇The houses need to be brought up to modern standards.房屋需要提高到現代標準。➤historical歷史水平▸➤clear明確的標準▸➤objective客觀標準◇Judged by any objective standards, the campaign was a disaster.不論從哪個客觀標準看，這次活動都是一場災難。➤accepted, official, required (especially BrE) 採用的／官方的／規定的標準▸➤conventional, usual一般／通常標準▸➤common, consistent, uniform, universal常見／一貫／統一／通用標準◇They will adopt common standards for dealing with asylum applications.他們將採用通常標準處理避難申請。➤exacting, rigorous, strict, stringent嚴格的標準；苛刻的標準➤gold (figurative) 黃金標準◇Charles Schulz's 'Peanuts' is the gold standard for comic strips.查爾斯・舒爾茨的《花生漫畫》是連環漫畫的黃金標準。◇The newspaper has to offer a gold standard for journalistic integrity.報界必須提出新聞誠信的黃金標準。➤professional專業（化）標準◇The work has been done to a professional standard.這項工作已經達到了專業水準。➤federal, international, national, state (NAmE) 聯邦標準；國際標準；國家標準；州標準▸➤quality質量標準◇We have to try and achieve the quality standards set by the project.我們必須努力達到項目要求的質量標準。➤qualifying資格標準；入選標準◇The Olympic qualifying standard has been set at 64.50 m.奧運會的參賽資格標準定在 64.50 米。➤living生活水平◇The region enjoys the highest living standards in Asia.該地區的生活水平為全亞洲最高。➤accounting, journalistic, labour/labor, legal, safety, security, trading (BrE) , etc.會計標準、新聞標準、勞工標準、法律標準、安全標準、貿易標準等▸➤academic, educational, environmental, health, performance, technical, etc.學術、教育、環境、衞生、性能、技術等標準➤industry行業標準◇The product has become an industry standard.這一產品已經成為行業標準。➤emission, emissions排放標準◇The bill established new emissions standards for cars sold in the state.法案制訂了在本州交易的汽車的新排放標準。VERB + STANDARD➤have有⋯標準◇The agency has very high standards.這家機構的標準很高。➤boast, enjoy有⋯水準；到達⋯水平▸➤define, develop, establish, set確定標準；形成標準；制訂標準▸➤achieve, be up to, live up to, meet, reach達到標準；符合標準◇The factory is struggling to meet national environmental standards.這家工廠正竭力爭取達到國家環境標準。◇She has reached an acceptable standard of English.她的英語水平已經說得過去了。➤bring sth up to使⋯達到標準▸➤fall short of達不到標準◇The hotel service fell short of the usual standard.這家賓館的服務不符合通常標準。➤apply, enforce, provide實施／實行／規定⋯標準◇It's impossible to apply the same academic standards across the country.不可能在全國範圍內執行同一個學術標準。➤judge sb/sth by用標準評判⋯▸➤improve, raise改進／提高標準▸➤lower降低標準▸➤maintain, sustain維持／保持標準PREPOSITION➤above (the) standard, below (the) standard符合／不符合標準◇Your work is below standard.你的工作不達標。➤according to a/the standard, by... standards根據⋯標準；用⋯標準衡量◇By today's standards, he isn't a particularly fast runner.依照現在的標準來看，他算不上跑得特別快。➤to a...standard達到⋯標準◇The building work had not been completed to a satisfactory standard.這項建築工程沒有達到令人滿意的水平。➤up to standard達到標準◇We need to bring our computer system up to standard.我們得讓計算機系統達到標準。➤standard in⋯方面的規範◇standards in safety安全規範PHRASES➤by any standard不論以什麼標準◇She's a great violinist by any standard.無論用什麼標準評價，她都是一位偉大的小提琴家。➤by the standards of the day依照當時的標準◇The army was massive by the standards of the day.照當時的標準來看，那支軍隊規模很大。➤a drop in the standard, a fall in the standard標準的降低／下滑◇There has been a drop in the standard of health care.醫保水平有所降低。➤an increase in the standard, a rise in the standard標準的上升／提高◇There has been an increase in the standard of service provided.所提供服務的水準有所提高。➤a standard of living生活水平◇the fall in their standard of living他們生活水平的下降
standard

noun²

 2(usually standards) acceptable level of conduct可接受的行為標準ADJECTIVE | VERB + STANDARD | STANDARD + VERB | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤declining, falling每況愈下的行為規範◇My grandparents are always complaining about falling moral standards.我的祖父母總是抱怨世風日下。➤double雙重標準◇the double standard frequently encountered in 19th-century attitudes to sex19 世紀在對待性的態度上經常遇到的雙重標準➤ethical, moral倫理／道德規範VERB + STANDARD➤prescribe規定行為準則▸➤keep up, maintain堅持原則▸➤improve, raise提高行為規範STANDARD + VERB➤drop, fall標準下降；道德水準淪落PHRASES➤standards of behaviour/behavior, standards of conduct行為準則▸➤standard of care護理標準
standard

adjective

VERBS | ADVERB VERBS➤be, be fitted as, come as標準；作為標準配置安裝；符合標準◇Anti-lock brakes come as standard.防抱死剎車裝置是標準配置。➤become變得符合標準ADVERB➤almost幾乎算是符合標準◇The stations were built to a simple, almost standard design.車站都是按照同一個簡單的近於標準化的設計建成的。➤fairly, pretty, relatively相當／頗為／相對標準◇a fairly standard method of assessing employees相當標準的員工評價方法

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