revenge ♦︎ retaliation ♦︎ vengeance ♦︎ reprisalThese are all words for sth you do against sb because of sth they have done to you.这些词均表示报复、报仇。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺下图显示这些词所表达报复的程度
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PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆revenge / retaliation / vengeance / reprisals for sth◆retaliation / vengeance / reprisals against sb◆to take revenge / vengeance on sb◆in revenge / retaliation / vengeance / reprisal◆in revenge / retaliation / reprisal for sth◆to take / seek revenge / vengeance / reprisals◆to fear retaliation / vengeance / reprisals◆to want / vow / swear / exact / wreak revenge / vengeance■revenge rɪˈvendʒ [uncountable] something that you do in order to punish sb or make them suffer because they have harmed you or made you suffer报复;报仇◆The team wanted to get their revenge for their defeat earlier in the season.这支球队想要为这个赛季早先的失败雪耻。◆He swore to take revenge on his political enemies.他发誓要报复他的政敌。◆His death set off a series of revenge killings.他的死引发了一系列报复性的杀戮。 see also retribution ⇨ punishment■retaliation rɪˌtæliˈeɪʃn [uncountable] (ratherformal) something that you do against sb in response to sth bad they have done to you报复◆The shooting may have been in retaliation for the arrest of the terrorist suspects.枪击事件可能是对逮捕嫌疑恐怖分子进行的报复行动。 see also retaliate ⇨ fight back■vengeance ˈvendʒəns [uncountable] (formal) something violent that you do, such as killing or hurting sb, in order to make sb suffer because of sth harmful they have done to you(杀害、人身伤害等暴力方式的)报复,报仇,复仇◆Vengeance was swift and brutal.报复行动是迅速而残忍的。◆He swore vengeance on his child's killer.他发誓要找杀害他孩子的凶手报仇。 see also avenge ⇨ fight back■reprisal rɪˈpraɪzl [countable, uncountable] (written) something violent or aggressive that a military force or political group does to punish the harm that one group of people did to it(军队或政治集团进行的)报复,报复行动◆They were frightened to talk publicly for fear of reprisals.他们因害怕遭报复而不敢公开谈论。◆A dozen hostages were shot in reprisal for the killing of an army officer.十二名人质因一名军官被杀害而遭到报复性枪杀。NOTE辨析 Which word?Revenge is the most general of these words and covers the whole range of actions from wanting to beat sb at a game after they have first beaten you, to killing sb because they have killed sb you love. It is often quite a personal, individual act that you do in response to sth that has been done to you personally. Retaliation and reprisals are often taken by a group such as a military force, against another group, who may not be the actual people responsible for the first crime, but are taken to represent them. * revenge在本组词中含义最宽泛,涵盖所有报复行为,从想在比赛中战胜曾击败自己的对手,到因某人杀害自己所爱之人而将其杀死。它往往是单一的个人行为,针对自己亲身遭遇的事。retaliation和reprisal往往是由一群人,如一支军队,实施的报复。被报复的是另一群人,他们可能并非此前罪行的负责人,但被当作负责人的代表◆They fear retaliation against US troops and aid workers(= for example, because of sth that the US government has done).他们担心美军和援助人员会遭遇报复。Vengeance is the most extreme and violent of these actions: it is often personal and can be much more extreme and violent than the original crime to which it is a response. * vengeance是这些行动中最极端和暴力的,常常是个人行动,可能要比所要报复的行为极端和暴力得多。
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