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BNC: 1149 COCA: 986
shoulder
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noun /ˈʃəʊldə(r)/
singularshoulder
pluralshoulders
  1. 1
    [C] one of the two parts of your body between your neck and the top of your arms 肩；肩膀

    She injured her shoulder in the accident. 在事故中她的肩部受了伤。

    shrug your shoulders (=move them quickly up then down) 耸耸肩 :

    Most people would have shrugged their shoulders and forgotten it. 多数人会耸耸肩，然后便忘掉此事。

    hunch your shoulders (=lift them up towards your neck) 耸着肩膀 :

    The man was hunching his shoulders against the pounding rain. 那个人耸起肩躲避重重落下的雨点。

     Synonyms and related words
    General words for limbs and appendages: ankle, appendage, arch...
    1. a.
      the part of a shirt, jacket, or other piece of clothing that covers your shoulder （衣服的）肩部

      She had on a white jacket with padded shoulders (=extra cloth that makes your shoulders look bigger). 她穿着加有垫肩的白色短上衣。

       Synonyms and related words
      Parts of clothes: arm, armhole, basque...
  2. 2
    [C/U] the upper part of the front leg of an animal, or meat from this part （动物的）肩肘，肩肘肉，肘子

    a shoulder of lamb 羊肘子

     Synonyms and related words
    Animal body parts: anatomical, anatomy, antler...
     Synonyms and related words
    Joints and cuts of meat: a rack of lamb/pork, beefsteak, braising steak...
  3. 3
    [singular] the part of a hill where it curves towards the top 山肩
     Synonyms and related words
    Parts and features of mountains, hills and cliffs: brae, brink, the brow...
  4. 4
    [singular] American a hard shoulder （高速公路旁的）硬路肩，紧急停车处
     Synonyms and related words
    The roadside and its features: bollard, bus stop, curb...
See also
shoulder
verb [T] /ˈʃəʊldə(r)/
present tense
I/you/we/theyshoulder
he/she/itshoulders
present participleshouldering
past tenseshouldered
past participleshouldered
  1. 1
    to deal with or accept something difficult 担负；承担

    The government cannot ask the public to shoulder the extra cost. 政府不能让公众负担额外的费用。

    shoulder a responsibility/burden :

    Companies can't keep shouldering the burdens imposed by central government. 公司不能一直承担中央政府强加的重负。

     Synonyms and related words
    To try to deal with a problem or difficulty: deal with, tackle, combat...
  2. 2
    to lift or carry something on your shoulder 用肩扛

    The boy shouldered his basket and started to walk away. 男孩将筐子扛在肩上走开了。

     Synonyms and related words
    To carry something or someone: carry, hold, bring...
     Synonyms and related words
    To move, or to move something upwards: lift, raise, rise...
  3. 3
    to push someone with your shoulder 用肩推

    He managed to shoulder his sister out of the way. 最后他还是用肩膀把姐姐推了出去。

     Synonyms and related words
    To move, or to try to move something by pushing: push, shove, heave...
    1. a.
      to get somewhere by pushing people with your shoulders 用肩挤

      She had to shoulder her way through the crowd. 她只好侧身挤出人群。

       Synonyms and related words
      To go somewhere, or to move in a particular direction: head, go, progress...
BNC: 1149 COCA: 986
shoulder

noun¹

 1part of the body身體部位ADJECTIVE | SHOULDER + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤dislocated, fractured, frozen, injured, sore, wounded脫臼的肩膀；骨折的肩膀；冷凍肩；受傷的肩膀；痠痛的肩膀◇His frozen shoulder has stopped him from playing tennis.冷凍肩使他沒法打網球了。SHOULDER + NOUN➤injury肩傷▸➤blade, bones, joint, muscle, socket肩胛骨；肩部骨骼；肩關節；肩部肌肉；肩窩◇The bullet hit him squarely between the shoulder blades.子彈恰好打在他的肩胛骨之間。➤height, level齊肩高▸➤harness, sling, strap安全肩帶；肩帶；背帶➤pad墊肩➤bag挎包PREPOSITION➤over your shoulder在肩膀上◇He slung the sack over his shoulder and set off.他把粗布袋子往肩上一甩就出發了。PHRASES➤a pat on the shoulder拍拍肩膀◇He gave me a reassuring pat on the shoulder.他拍了拍我的肩膀讓我放心。➤shoulder to shoulder肩並肩◇The route of the procession was lined with police officers standing shoulder to shoulder.遊行所經道路兩邊都是肩並肩站立的警察。➤tap sb on the shoulder拍某人的肩◇I tapped the man on the shoulder and asked him to move.我拍了拍那人的肩膀，讓他挪一下。
shoulder

noun²

 2shoulders the part between the two shoulders上背部ADJECTIVE | VERB + SHOULDERS | SHOULDERS + VERB | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤broad, huge, muscled, muscular, powerful, strong, wide寬闊的肩膀；肌肉發達的肩膀；有力的肩膀；強壯的肩膀▸➤delicate, slim纖弱的／纖細的肩膀▸➤narrow, thin窄窄的／瘦弱的肩膀▸➤square寬而挺的肩膀▸➤round圓潤的肩膀▸➤bony瘦削的肩膀▸➤bowed駝背▸➤bare裸露的肩膀▸➤tense, tight緊繃的肩膀VERB + SHOULDERS➤shrug聳肩◇When I asked him why he'd done it he just shrugged his shoulders.我問他為什麼這麼做，他只聳了聳肩。➤hunch聳起肩膀◇He hunched his shoulders against the cold wind.他聳起肩膀抵禦寒風。➤drop, relax放下／放鬆肩膀◇Inhale, drop your shoulders and raise your chest.吸氣，肩膀放鬆，挺胸。➤roll, rotate扭動／轉動肩膀◇Roll your shoulders forward and take a deep breath.肩膀朝前轉動，深呼吸。➤square, straighten挺直肩膀◇In an aggressive situation, we stand tall and square our shoulders.進攻的時候，要站直身子，挺直肩膀。SHOULDERS + VERB➤be bent, be bowed, be stooped肩膀弓起◇She was crouched with her head forward and her shoulders bent.她低頭弓背蹲着。➤droop, drop, sag, slump肩部鬆垂◇My shoulders dropped with relief.我鬆了口氣，繃緊的肩膀也放鬆下來。➤lift, shrug肩膀聳起◇Her shoulders lifted in a vague shrug.她微微聳了聳肩。➤heave, shake, twitch肩膀抖動／晃動／抽動◇His broad shoulders heaved with sobs.他寬闊的肩膀因啜泣而上下起伏。➤stiffen, tense, tighten肩部僵硬起來；肩部繃緊▸➤relax肩部放鬆PREPOSITION➤on sb's shoulders在某人肩上◇The child sat on her father's shoulders to watch the parade go by.孩子騎在她爸爸肩上觀看遊行隊伍經過。
shoulder

verb¹

 1accept the responsibility for sth接受責任VERB + SHOULDER➤have to, must不得不／必須承擔◇She had to shoulder the burden of childcare.她不得不擔負起撫養孩子的重擔。➤be willing to願意承擔▸➤be unwilling to不願意承擔◇He was unwilling to shoulder this responsibility alone.他不願意獨自擔負這個責任。
shoulder

verb²

 2push sb/sth with your shoulder用肩推ADVERB | PHRASES ADVERB➤roughly粗暴地用肩頂◇We were shouldered roughly out of the way.我們被人用肩粗暴地擠到了一邊。➤aside, out of the way用肩推擠到一邊➤open用肩推開◇He shouldered open the door.他用肩把門推開。➤past用肩擠過PHRASES➤shoulder your way past sb/sth, shoulder your way through sth用肩膀擠着經過⋯／穿過⋯◇She shouldered her way through the crowd.她用肩膀擠着穿過人群。
BNC: 1149 COCA: 986
shoulder verb
⇨ push 2 (shoulder sb aside) ⇨ take 7 (shoulder a burden)

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