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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 709 COCA: 715
natural adj.
⇨ natural (natural instincts) ⇨ obvious (a natural desire for affection) natural

adjective

natural ♦︎ genetic ♦︎ intuitive ♦︎ instinctive ♦︎ innate ♦︎ congenital ♦︎ hereditaryThese words all describe a characteristic, ability or disease that a person or animal has naturally or is born with. 这些词均表示天生的、本能的、与生俱来的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a natural / a genetic / an innate characteristic◆natural / intuitive / instinctive / innate ability◆natural / intuitive / instinctive / innate understanding◆natural / intuitive / innate sense (of sth)◆natural / intuitive / innate intelligence◆natural / instinctive / innate knowledge◆natural / instinctive / innate desires / needs◆natural / innate instinct◆a natural / an intuitive / an instinctive / an innate response◆a natural / an intuitive / an instinctive reaction◆a genetic / congenital / hereditary disease / condition / disorder◆purely natural / intuitive / instinctive■ natural (of behaviour, qualities or feelings) part of the character that a person or animal was born with （行为、品质或情感）天生的，本能的，与生俱来的◆Hunting is one of a cat's natural instincts.捕猎是猫天生的本能之一。◆His natural gifts as a preacher meant he was in great demand.他具有传道者的天赋，很多人需要他。◆It's only natural to worry about your children.为子女操心是很自然的。ⓘ Natural can also be used before a noun to describe a person who was born with a particular type of character or ability. * natural亦可用于名词前，形容人天生具有某种性格或能力◆He's a natural rebel / leader.他天生是个叛逆者／领袖。 ▸ naturally

adverb

◆She was naturally gifted when it came to music.她有音乐天赋。■ genetic dʒəˈnetɪk caused by genes 由基因引起的；遗传的ⓘ Genes are the units of cells of a living thing that control its physical characteristics, and that are passed on from parents to children. * gene指基因◆A person's intelligence is based on both genetic and environmental factors.决定人的智力既有遗传因素也有环境因素。◆There are about 4 000 inherited human genetic diseases.人类遗传性疾病约有4 000种。▸ genetically

adverb

◆genetically determined characteristics由基因决定的特征■ intuitive ɪnˈtjuːɪtɪv; NAmE ɪnˈtuːɪtɪv(of ideas) obtained by using your feelings rather than by considering the facts; (of people) able to understand sth by using feelings rather than by considering the facts （思想）凭直觉得到的，直觉的；（人）有直觉的◆Our approach to the subject can be strictly rational or wholly intuitive.我们处理这个问题的方法既可以是全然理性的，也可以是全凭直觉的。◆I don't think that women are necessarily more intuitive than men.我认为女人未必比男人更有直觉。  see also intuition ⇨ instinct , intuition ⇨ idea 2 ▸ intuitively

adverb

◆Intuitively, she knew that he was lying.她凭直觉知道他在说谎。■ instinctive ɪnˈstɪŋktɪv based on a natural tendency to behave in a particular way, rather than on thought or training 本能的；直觉的；天生的◆A bird's knowledge of its migratory route is partly learnt and partly instinctive.鸟类对迁徙路线的认识一部分是学来的，一部分是源自本能。◆My instinctive reaction was to deny everything.我的本能反应是否认一切。  see also instinct ⇨ instinct , instinct ⇨ idea 2 ▸ instinctively

adverb

◆I knew instinctively that something was wrong.我凭直觉知道出事了。■ innate ɪˈneɪt (rather formal) (of behaviour, qualities or feelings) part of the character that a person or animal was born with （行为、品质或情感）天生的，本能的，与生俱来的◆Many children seem to have an innate sense of justice.许多儿童似乎天生便具有正义感。▸ innately

adverb

◆Some philosophers viewed human nature as innately good.有些哲学家认为人性本善。NOTE 辨析 Natural or innate?There is little difference in meaning or use betwen these words. Natural is more frequent and less formal. You might use innate in cases where there might be confusion with a different meaning of natural: for example an innate response is response that sb/sth makes because it is in their character; a natural response is more likely to be a response that sb else expects or understands. 这两个词在含义和用法上差别很小。natural较innate常用和非正式。在有可能与natural的其他含义相混淆的情况下可用innate，比如，an innate response指出于本能的反应；a natural response更有可能指他人看来合乎情理的反应◆Anxiety at a perceived threat is an innate response in any animal.察觉到威胁时感到焦虑是任何动物的本能反应。◆It's a natural response to keep your troubles quiet.对自己的苦恼守口如瓶是很自然的反应。   see also natural ⇨ obvious ■ congenital kənˈdʒenɪtl (of a disease or medical condition) existing since birth; existing as a basic part of sb's character that will never change （疾病或病理状况）先天的，天生的；生性的；生就的◆Congenital abnormalities can occur in babies whose mothers drink heavily.母亲酗酒可能会导致婴儿先天畸形。◆He's a congenital liar!他生性好说谎！■ hereditary həˈredɪtri; NAmE həˈredɪteri(especially of diseases) existing from birth as a result of being passed on by one or both parents （尤指疾病）遗传的，遗传性的◆It's a hereditary disorder that can cause abnormal growth.这是一种可能会导致发育异常的遗传病。

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