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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1506 COCA: 984
challenge
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noun /ˈtʃæləndʒ/
singularchallenge
pluralchallenges
  1. 1
    [C/U] something that needs a lot of skill, energy, and determination to deal with or achieve, especially something you have never done before and will enjoy doing 艰巨任务；难题；挑战

    I was bored with my job and felt I needed a new challenge. 我对当时的工作感到厌烦，觉得需要新的挑战。

    meet a challenge (=deal with it successfully) 成功应对挑战 :

    Are western nations ready to meet the enormous environmental challenges that lie ahead? 西方国家作好准备应对眼前大量的环境问题了吗？

    challenge of :

    We were all keen walkers, and enjoyed the challenge of this remote place. 我们都是徒步旅行爱好者，喜欢面对来自这个边远地方的挑战。

    the challenge is to do something :

    The challenge for policy-makers is to achieve economic growth without damaging the environment. 决策者们面临的难题是在不破坏环境的情况下实现经济增长。

    face a challenge (=have to deal with one) 面临挑战 :

    The new government faces the daunting challenge of completing the building on time. 新政府面临按时建成这座大楼的艰巨任务。

     Synonyms and related words
    Hard work and effort: heavy lifting, ask, work...
    Collocates: challenge
    Adjectives frequently used with challenge
    ▪  biggest, daunting, formidable, greatest, major, new, serious
    Verbs frequently used with challenge as the object
    ▪  accept, enjoy, face, meet, pose, present, relish, rise to
  2. 2
    [C] an action or idea that questions whether something is true, accurate, or legal （对真实性、准确性、合法性的）质疑，疑问

    He began a legal challenge to clear his name. 他开始依法提出质疑，以还自己一个清白。

    challenge to :

    There seems to be no significant challenge to the party's free-market ideology. 对于该党的自由市场的意识形态似乎没有什么重大的质疑。

    pose/present a challenge to something :

    Recent discoveries pose a serious challenge to accepted views on the age of the universe. 近期的发现向已被普遍接受的有关宇宙年龄的观点提出了重大的质疑。

     Synonyms and related words
    Questioning and types of questions: question, inquiry, query...
    1. a.
      a refusal to accept someone's authority 反抗；反对
      challenge to :

      The strike was seen as a direct challenge to the authority of the government. 这次罢工被看作是对政府权威的直接挑战。

      mount a challenge (=make one) 提出抗议 :

      They have failed to mount a serious challenge to the existing leadership. 他们没能对现任领导层提出严正抗议。

       Synonyms and related words
      Refusals and the act of refusing: refusal, silence, denial...
    2. b.
      legal a refusal to accept someone as a member of a jury （对某陪审员的出庭表示的）反对
       Synonyms and related words
      The jury, accused, witnesses and defendant: the accused, aggrieved, aggrieved party...
  3. 3
    [C] an invitation to someone to compete or fight, especially in sport （尤指体育比赛中的）挑战，决斗
    challenge for :

    Federer returned to make a major challenge for the Wimbledon title. 费德勒重返赛场挑战温布尔登网球赛冠军头衔。

    issue a challenge :

    One of the men issued the challenge, ‘I'll take on any two of you.' 其中一人发出挑战，“我要和你们中的任意两个较量。”

     Synonyms and related words
    Sports events and competitions: battle/war of nerves, bye, card...
    1. a.
      [singular] used in the names of competitions, especially sports competitions （尤用于体育赛事的名称）挑战赛

      one of the golfers competing in the Million Dollar Challenge 参加百万美元挑战赛的高尔夫球手之一

       Synonyms and related words
      Sports events and competitions: battle/war of nerves, bye, card...
  4. From our crowdsourced Open Dictionary
    4
    rise to the challenge to deal successfully with a difficult situation or problem 克服，战胜（困境或难题）

    She was asked to run the family business at the age of twenty and she rose to the challenge.

    Submitted by georgia kelesi from Greece on 22/01/2017
     
challenge
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verb [T] /ˈtʃælɪndʒ/
present tense
I/you/we/theychallenge
he/she/itchallenges
present participlechallenging
past tensechallenged
past participlechallenged
  1. 1
    to question whether something is true, accurate, or legal 怀疑，质疑（某事的真实性、准确性或合法性）

    No one has challenged the assumptions that are made in the report. 谁也没有怀疑报告中所提出的假设。

    This decision is likely to be challenged by the oil companies. 这一决定很可能遭到石油公司的质疑。

    challenge someone on something :

    They're not likely to challenge us on any of the details. 他们不可能在任何细节上对我们提出质疑。

    challenge someone to do something :

    We challenged the company to prove that its system was safe. 我们要求公司证明它的系统是安全的。

     Synonyms and related words
    To ask a question or questions: ask, question, demand...
    1. a.
      to refuse to accept someone's authority 反抗（某人的权威）

      The president has accused the provincial government of challenging his leadership. 总统指控省级政府公然反抗他的领导。

       Synonyms and related words
      To fail to obey a rule, law or command: cross a line, break, defy...
    2. b.
      legal to refuse to accept someone as a member of a jury 反对…作为陪审员
       Synonyms and related words
      The jury, accused, witnesses and defendant: the accused, aggrieved, aggrieved party...
  2. 2
    to invite someone to compete or fight 邀请…进行比赛
    challenge someone to something :

    The girls challenged the boys to a cricket match. 女孩们邀请男孩子进行板球比赛。

     Synonyms and related words
    To compete, or to try to win: compete, vie, contend...
  3. 3
    to test someone's skill and abilities 考验，检验（某人的技术和能力）

    My present job doesn't really challenge me. 我目前的工作没能真正考验我的能力。

    It is a problem that has intrigued and challenged me for many years. 这是一个吸引并考验了我多年的问题。

     Synonyms and related words
    To test something or someone: test, try out, put through...
  4. 4
    [usually passive] if you are challenged by someone, they ask you who you are and why you are in a particular place 查问；盘查

    We were immediately challenged by armed guards. 我们马上就受到武装门卫的盘查。

     Synonyms and related words
    To ask a question or questions: ask, question, demand...
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1506 COCA: 984
challenge

noun¹

 1sth new and difficult新而困難的事ADJECTIVE | VERB + CHALLENGE | CHALLENGE + VERB ADJECTIVE➤big, considerable, enormous, great, huge, monumental, radical, real, serious, significant巨大的挑戰；嚴峻的考驗；重大的挑戰▸➤daunting, difficult, formidable, stiff, tough令人畏懼的／難對付的／棘手的／強有力的／強硬的挑戰◇The army faced the daunting challenge of fighting a war on two fronts.軍隊面臨要在兩條戰線作戰的嚴峻挑戰。➤fundamental, key, main, major, primary, ultimate根本的／關鍵的／主要的／重大的／首要的／最終的挑戰▸➤fresh, new, unprecedented新挑戰；前所未有的挑戰➤constant, continuing, ongoing不斷的／持續的／發展着的挑戰➤future未來的挑戰▸➤exciting, interesting令人興奮的／有意思的挑戰➤special, unique特殊的／獨特的挑戰▸➤economic, engineering, environmental, intellectual, logistical, physical, political, technical, technological經濟上的挑戰；工程上的挑戰；環境上的挑戰；智力上的挑戰；後勤上的挑戰；身體上的挑戰；政治上的挑戰；技術上的挑戰◇Getting the instrument built and tested was a major technical challenge.製作和測試這樣的儀器是很大的技術挑戰。➤global全球性的挑戰VERB + CHALLENGE➤be, constitute, remain, represent是挑戰；構成挑戰；仍然是挑戰；意味着挑戰◇The competitive market represents significant challenges for farmers.競爭激烈的市場對農民意味着很大的挑戰。➤create, offer, pose, present, provide, raise形成挑戰；提出挑戰；構成挑戰；準備好挑戰；提起挑戰▸➤address, confront, face, handle, meet, respond to, rise to, tackle, take on, take up應對挑戰；面對挑戰；處理挑戰；迎接挑戰；回應挑戰；起而應對挑戰；着手對付挑戰；接受挑戰◇The gallery has risen to the challenge of exhibiting the works of young artists.該美術館已做好準備以應對展出年輕藝術家作品的挑戰。◇He has taken on some exciting new challenges with this job.他已經接受了這份工作帶來的一些令人興奮的新挑戰。➤overcome, solve戰勝困難；解決棘手的問題➤enjoy, relish, welcome樂於對付／喜歡／歡迎挑戰CHALLENGE + VERB➤confront sb, face sb某人面臨考驗◇the challenges facing nurses in casualty急診室護士面臨的挑戰➤arise, exist, remain挑戰出現／存在／仍然存在◇She could always be counted on when a challenge arose.有困難的時候總是可以依靠她。➤lie挑戰在於◇The challenge lies in creating a demand for the product.挑戰在於使人們對該產品有所需求。
challenge

noun²

 2call for sb to fight, prove sth, etc.挑戰；質疑ADJECTIVE | VERB + CHALLENGE | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤effective, serious, strong有力的質詢；嚴重的質疑▸➤direct直接的質疑▸➤constitutional, legal合乎憲法的／合法的質詢▸➤leadership, title對領導地位的挑戰；稱號／錦標挑戰賽◇his title challenge to the heavyweight champion他向重量級冠軍發起挑戰的比賽VERB + CHALLENGE➤be, constitute, present, represent質問；提出質詢；表示質疑◇The demonstration represents a direct challenge to the new law.這次示威是對新法律的直接質疑。➤file, issue, mount, raise提出質疑；發起挑戰◇plans to mount a leadership challenge within the party在黨內挑戰領導地位的計劃➤accept, take up接受挑戰◇I accepted his challenge to a game of chess.我接受他的挑戰，與他下一盤棋。➤answer回應質疑◇He was answering challenges to the government's policy.他在回應對政府政策的質詢。➤beat off, fight off擊退／擊敗挑戰◇Our team will have to fight off the challenge from better trained teams.我們必須打敗比我們更訓練有素的隊伍的挑戰。➤survive, withstand承受住／經受住挑戰PREPOSITION➤challenge from⋯發出的挑戰◇a challenge from the other political party另外一個政黨發出的挑戰➤challenge to對⋯的質疑◇a legal challenge to the President's power對總統權力的合法質詢
challenge

verb¹

 1question whether sth is right/true質疑ADVERB | VERB + CHALLENGE | PREPOSITION ADVERB➤directly, openly, publicly直接／公開／當眾質疑◇The newspaper was directly challenging the government's legitimacy.報紙直接質疑政府的合法性。➤seriously, vigorously嚴肅地／激烈地質疑▸➤effectively有力地質疑◇She was effectively challenging the whole basis on which society was run.她對社會運轉的整個基礎提出了有力的質疑。➤successfully成功地質疑◇The story was completely untrue and was successfully challenged in court.這個陳述完全不真實，在法庭上被成功地揭穿了。➤constantly, continually, repeatedly不斷地／不停地／反覆地質疑VERB + CHALLENGE➤seek試圖質疑◇Harley sought to challenge the jurisdiction of the court.哈利試圖質疑該法院的審判權。PREPOSITION➤on對⋯的質疑◇She challenged him on his old-fashioned views.她不同意他的老派觀點。
challenge

verb²

 2invite sb to compete, argue, etc.挑戰ADVERB | PREPOSITION ADVERB➤seriously認真地提出挑戰◇No one has seriously challenged the champion.從來沒有人真正地挑戰過這個冠軍。➤successfully, unsuccessfully成功地／未能成功地挑戰PREPOSITION➤for就⋯而挑戰◇She was poised to challenge for the party leadership.她已準備好競爭黨內領導地位。➤to對⋯的挑戰◇The count challenged him to a duel.伯爵邀他決鬥。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1506 COCA: 984
challenge verb
⇨ challenge (challenge sb to a game of chess) ⇨ confront (challenged by police) ⇨ doubt (challenge an assumption)challenge noun
⇨ problem challenge

verb

challenge ♦︎ dare ♦︎ throw down the gauntletThese words all mean to invite sb to fight or compete with you, or do sth that you think they may be afraid to do. 这些词均表示挑战某人或激发某人做某事。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to challenge / dare sb to do sth■ challenge ˈtʃæləndʒ [transitive] to invite sb to enter a competition or fight; to suggest strongly that sb should do sth, especially when you think that they might be unwilling to do it 向（某人）挑战；（尤指在对方不情愿时）强烈建议（某人做某事）◆Mike challenged me to a game of chess.迈克硬要和我在棋盘上一决高下。◆The opposition leader challenged the prime minister to call an election.反对党领袖强烈要求首相宣布进行选举。   see also challenger ⇨ participant ▸ challenge

noun

 [countable] ◆She took up his challenge.她接受了他的挑战。■ dare [transitive] to try to persuade sb to do sth dangerous, difficult or embarrassing so that they can show that they are not afraid 激（某人做某事）；问（某人）有没有胆量（做某事）◆Go on! Take it! I dare you.来呀！接受吧！我谅你也不敢。◆Some of the older boys had dared him to do it.几个大男孩激他做这事。▸ dare

noun

 [countable, usually singular] ◆ (BrE) He climbed onto the roof for a dare.他受到激将爬上了房顶。 (NAmE) ◆She learned to fly on a dare.她在激将下学会了驾驶飞机。■ throw down the ˈgauntlet

idiom

(threw, thrown)to invite sb to fight or compete with you 发出挑战◆She has thrown down the gauntlet to the newspaper by accusing it of libel.她向那家报社发出挑战，控告他们诽谤。 OPP take up the gauntlet ⓘ To take up the gauntlet is to accept sb's invitation to fight or compete. * take up the gauntlet指接受挑战◆His Republican rival may be expected to take up the gauntlet.据猜测，他的共和党竞争对手可能会接受挑战。

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