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BNC: 8 COCA: 8
have
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verb strong /hæv/ weak /əv/ /həv/
present tense
I/you/we/theyhave
he/she/ithas
present participlehaving
past tensehad
past participlehad
Have can be used in the following ways: have 有以下用法
as an auxiliary verb in perfect tenses of verbs (followed by a past participle): 在动词的完成时态中作助动词（后接过去分词）: We have lived here for 20 years. 我们在这儿已经住了20年。 Who's eaten all the grapes? 谁把葡萄都给吃掉了? (used without a following past participle): 后不接过去分词: Ellen hasn't finished, but I have. 埃伦还未完成，而我已经完成了。 Questions, negatives, and question tags using the auxiliary verb have are formed without do: 用助动词have 构成的疑问句、否定句和反意疑问句不带do: Has the meeting finished? 会议结束了吗? You haven't eaten anything. 你什么都还没吃。 The customers haven't complained, have they? 目前还没有顾客投诉，是吗？
as a transitive verb used in descriptions and for talking about possession, relationships, or the state that someone or something is in: 用作及物动词，用于描写性语句中，谈论某人拥有某物、某人与他人的相互关系或所处的状态: She has dark curly hair. 她有一头乌黑的鬈发。 He had two sisters. 他有两个姐妹。 This use of have is never in progressive or passive forms. Have got is often used instead of have for these meanings, especially in spoken English and informal writing: have 的这种用法从不用在进行时态或被动态中。表示这些意思时, 经常用have got 替代have, 尤其在口语和非正式文体中: Alan's got a new bike. 艾伦有一辆新自行车。 Questions and negatives can be formed by using have got, have alone, or do: 疑问句和否定句可以由have got, have或do构成: Have you got any money? 你有钱吗? Have you any money? 你有钱吗? Do you have any money? 你有钱吗? We haven't got any money. 我们没钱。 We haven't any money. 我们没钱。 We don't have any money. 我们没钱。 Question tags are formed with have when the main verb is have got: 当主要动词是have got 时, 反意疑问句由have 构成: They've got a lovely garden, haven't they? 他们的花园很漂亮，不是吗？
as a transitive verb used for talking about actions and experiences: 用作及物动词，用于谈论行动和经历: Let's have a swim before lunch. 我们午饭前游一会儿泳吧! I had a good time at the party. 在聚会上我玩得很痛快。 This use of have can sometimes be in the progressive but is almost never in the passive: have 的这种用法有时可以用在进行时态中，但几乎从不用在被动态中: She's having a baby. 她要生孩子了。 Are you having a drink? 你要喝杯酒吗？ Have got is not used, and neither short forms of have nor weak forms of pronunciation are ever used in these meanings. Questions, negatives, and question tags are formed with do: 表示这些意思时，不用have got, 也不用have 的简写形式和弱读形式。疑问句、否定句和反意疑问句由do 构成: Did you have a nice walk? 散步开心吗？ I didn't have breakfast this morning. 今早我没吃饭。 They had quite a bad accident, didn't they? 他们出很严重的事故了，不是吗？
as a transitive verb (followed by an object and then a participle or infinitive without ‘to'): 用作及物动词（后接宾语，再接分词或接不带to 的不定式）: How often do you have your hair cut? 你多久理一次发? I'll have someone clean out your room. 我会叫人把你的房间打扫干净。 This use of have can be in the progressive: have的这种用法可以用在进行时态中: I'm having all the carpets cleaned. 我正要把所有的地毯弄干净。 Questions, negatives, and question tags are formed with do: 疑问句、否定句和疑问尾句由do 构成: Did you have the engine checked? 发动机你检查了吗？
as a verb used for talking about what is necessary (followed by a verb in the infinitive with ‘to'): 用作动词，用于谈论必须有的事（后接以带to 的不定式的形式出现的动词）: I had to wait for an hour. 我不得不等了1个小时。 (followed by ‘to' without a verb in the infinitive): 后接不带动词的不定式: We'll fight for our rights if we have to. 如果必要的话，我们会为自己的权利而战。 This use of have can be in the progressive: have 的这种用法可以用在进行时态中: I was having to work every weekend. 那时我每周末都得加班。 Have got to is often used instead of have to, especially in spoken English and in informal writing: 经常用来代替have to, 尤其在口语和非正式文体中: You've got to show your passport. 你得出示护照。 Questions can be formed using do, have got, or have alone: 疑问句可以由do, have got 构成, 也可以单独由have 构成: Do we have to pay now? 我们现在就得付款吗? Have we got to pay now? 我们现在就得付款吗? Have we to pay now? 我们现在就得付款吗? Negative sentences are usually formed with do or have got: 否定句通常由do 或have got 构成: You don't have to pay yet. 你现在还不必付款。 You haven't got to pay yet. 你现在还不必付款。 Question tags are usually formed with do: 反意疑问句通常由do 构成: We have to take a test, don't we? 我们得休息一下了，不是吗？
  1. 1
    used for forming perfect tenses [auxiliary verb] [never progressive]
    1. a.
      used for forming the perfect tenses of verbs. The perfect tenses are used for talking about what happened or began before now or another point in time （用来构成动词的完成时态）

      Has anybody seen Dave this afternoon? 今天下午有人见到戴夫了吗?

      I've been looking for you everywhere. 我正到处找你。

      She hadn't eaten anything for three days. 她已经3天没吃东西了。

      ‘Has Jerry done his homework?' ‘No, he hasn't.' “杰里的作业做完了吗？”“还没有。”

      ‘Have you washed your hands?' ‘Of course I have.' “手洗了吗?”“当然洗了。”

      We didn't get a chance to talk to her, but I wish we had. 我们当时没有机会跟她谈，要是有机会就好了。

      Young Benson's done very well, hasn't he? 小本森干得很好，是吧？

      So, you've decided to join the party, have you? 那么，你已经决定参加聚会了，是吗？

       Synonyms and related words
      Auxiliary verbs: be, do, have...
    2. b.
      had someone/something done something... used for saying that something would have happened if the situation had been different 假如…；如果…

      Had I realized what you were intending to do, I would have stopped you. 如果我当时知道你要做什么，我就会制止你了。

  2. 2

    have

    or

    have got

    used for describing someone/something [T] [never progressive]
    1. a.
      used for saying what the physical features of someone or something are 具有(某种特征)

      Dr Morel had dark piercing eyes. 莫雷尔博士有一双敏锐的黑眼睛。

      The room had a balcony facing the sea. 这个房间有个朝海的阳台。

      I noticed that the old man hadn't got any teeth. 我发现那位老人一颗牙齿都没有。

       Synonyms and related words
      To have a particular quality or thing: seem, tend, possess...
    2. b.
      used for saying what the qualities of someone's character are 具有，具备(某种品质)

      Shackleton had all the qualities of a great leader. 沙克尔顿具备了一个伟大的领袖所应具有的一切品质。

      Unfortunately, she hadn't got enough common sense to call the doctor. 可惜她不具备足够的常识，不知道给医生打电话。

      have it in you/have what it takes (to do something) (=have the necessary qualities to do something) 有能力（做某事） :

      It was Jane who led the protest. I never knew she had it in her. 简是这次抗议活动的领导者。我从不知道她有这能耐。

      Do you think Ken's got what it takes to be good doctor? 你觉得肯能成为一名好医生吗?

       Synonyms and related words
      Words used to describe someone's personality: adaptive, addictive, a leopard can't change its spots...
  3. 3

    have

    or

    have got

    used for showing possession [T] [never progressive]
    1. a.
      to own something 有；拥有

      They have a house in Hanover Square. 他们在汉诺威广场有一幢房子。

      If you had a computer, I could send the directions to you by email. 如果你有计算机的话，我就能把操作说明用电子邮件给你发过去。

       Synonyms and related words
      To own something, or to be owned: belong to, own, possess...
    2. b.
      to be holding something or carrying something with you 带有；持有

      What's that you've got in your hand? 你手里拿着什么东西?

      Do you have a pen I could borrow? 你有没有笔可以借我用一下?

      have something on you :

      I haven't got any money on me. 我身上没带钱。

       Synonyms and related words
      To hold something or someone: carry, hold on, hang on...
  4. 4
    do or experience something [T] [never passive]
    1. a.
      to do something 做；进行；从事
      have a look/walk/try etc :

      Let's have a look at the damage. 让我们来看看损坏的情况。

      I don't know if I can persuade her, but at least I can have a try. 我不知道能否说服她，但至少我会试一试。

      You'll feel better when you've had a rest. 休息一下你就会觉得好一些。

      We had a meeting on Thursday afternoon. 星期四下午我们要开了个会。

       Synonyms and related words
      To do something: do, perform, conduct...
    2. b.
      used for saying that something happens to you or you experience something 遭受；经受

      We almost had an accident on the motorway. 我们在高速公路上差点儿出车祸。

      Keith's been having a lot of problems with his computer. 基思的计算机出了一大堆毛病。

      Bill is going into hospital to have a knee operation. 比尔要住院动膝盖手术。

      have a good time/a bad day etc :

      Did you have a good time at the party? 你在聚会上玩得开心吗？

      I've had a terrible day at the office. 今天我在办公室里碰上了许多倒霉事。

      have something done (=something happens to you) 发生某事 :

      While they were on holiday, they had their car broken into. 他们在度假时车被撬了。

       Synonyms and related words
      To experience something: experience, undergo, encounter...
  5. 5

    have

    or

    have got

    used for stating a relationship [T] [never progressive]
    1. a.
      used for stating the relationship between someone and their family members (表示家庭成员之间的关系)有

      They've got two kids of their own. 他们有两个孩子。

      She has a cousin living nearby. 她有个表亲住在附近。

       Synonyms and related words
      Words used to describe relations and relationships: acquainted, a hungry mouth (to feed), an old friend/ally/enemy etc...
    2. b.
      used for stating the relationship between someone and their friends, enemies, people they work with etc (表示朋友、敌人、同事等之间的关系)有

      I've got a friend who works at the BBC. 我有个朋友在英国广播公司工作。

      Gary knew he had some dangerous enemies. 加里明白他有一些危险的敌人。

      I hear you've got a new boss. 我听说你们换了新老板。

       Synonyms and related words
      Words used to describe relations and relationships: acquainted, a hungry mouth (to feed), an old friend/ally/enemy etc...
  6. 6
    [T] [never passive] to eat or drink something. This word is often used in polite offers and requests 吃，喝(用来表示礼貌的提议与请求)

    Can I have another piece of that delicious cake? 那种好吃的蛋糕我能再吃一块吗?

    Let me buy you a drink. What'll you have? 我请你喝杯饮料吧。你要喝什么?

    Why don't you stay and have lunch with us? 你何不留下来跟我们一起吃午饭呢?

    I'll have (=used for requesting food or drink in a restaurant) (用于在餐馆点菜)我要 :

    I'll have the roast beef, please. 请给我来一份烤牛肉。

     Synonyms and related words
    General words meaning to eat: eat, swallow, have...
     Synonyms and related words
    General words meaning to drink: drink, swallow, have...
  7. 7

    have

    or

    have got

    when you should or must do something
    1. a.
      if you have to do something, you must do it because it is necessary 必须；不得不
      have to do something :

      I had to leave early to collect the children from school. 我必须早点儿走，我得去学校接孩子们。

      If you want to use the fax machine, you'll have to ask Shirley. 如果你想用传真机的话，得问问雪莉。

      We're having to be very careful not to upset our customers. 我们现在得非常小心，别让顾客生气。

      There will have to be an official investigation into the accident. 对这场事故必须进行一次正式调查。

      do not have to do something (=it is not necessary) 不必做某事 :

      You don't have to come if you don't want to. 如果你不想来就不必来。

      I'm glad we haven't got to get up early tomorrow. 很高兴我们明天不必早起。

       Synonyms and related words
      Necessary: necessary, essential, vital...
    2. b.
      if you have something to do, you must do it 有…要做
      have something to do :

      Mr Klein couldn't stay – he had something to attend to. 克莱因先生不能留下来，他有些事要办。

      I can't stand here talking to you all day – I have work to do. 我不能整天站在这里跟你聊天，我得干活儿。

       Synonyms and related words
      Necessary: necessary, essential, vital...
  8. 8

    have

    or

    have got

    [never progressive] used in phrases to say that someone is able to do something (用在短语中，表示某人有能力做某事)
    have the ability/power/authority (to do something) :

    It's clear that the country has the ability to produce nuclear weapons. 很清楚，这个国家有能力生产核武器。

    I'm afraid I don't have the authority to approve the sale. 我恐怕没有权力批准这笔生意。

    have permission/a right (to do something) :

    East Germans could not travel to the West unless they had special permission. 非经特别许可，东德人不能到西德旅游。

    Everyone has a right to express their opinion. 人人有权发表自己的观点。

    have the chance/opportunity (to do something) :

    Some of us never had the chance to go to university. 我们中有些人从来没有机会上大学。

  9. 9

    have

    or

    have got

    [T] [never progressive] to contain or include parts, members etc 有, 包括(组成部分、成员等)

    The Green Party now has nearly 50,000 members. 绿党现有近5万名党员。

    The museum has two large rooms devoted to natural history. 这个博物馆有两间宽敞的博物学展室。

     Synonyms and related words
    To include something or someone: include, take in, involve...
     Synonyms and related words
    To contain something: include, contents, contain...
  10. 10

    have

    or

    have got

    when something is available [T] [never progressive]
    1. a.
      used for saying that a person, shop, hotel etc can offer you something to buy or use 有(表示人、商店、旅馆等能提供某物)

      Have you got a double room for 23 June? 6月23日你们有双人间吗?

      If you want the BBC Music Magazine, they have it at WH Smith's. 如果你要英国广播公司的音乐杂志，它们在W.H. 史密斯店里有售。

      Have you got room for another one in your car? 你的车里还能再坐一个人吗?

       Synonyms and related words
      To sell something: disintermediate, mis-sell, upsell...
    2. b.
      if you have time for something, time is available for you to do it 有(时间做某事)
      have for :

      We've just about got time for a quick swim before breakfast. 早饭前我们刚好有时间游一小会儿泳。

      have time to do something :

      I didn't have time to cook anything. 我没有时间煮东西。

       Synonyms and related words
      To find, or to have enough time for something: have, find, make (the) time...
  11. 11

    have

    or

    have got

    [T] used for saying that someone is visiting you or spending time with you 有…拜访；和…在一起

    We have friends staying with us at present. 现在有几个朋友和我们在一起。

    have someone with you :

    I'm afraid the manager's got someone with her at the moment. 恐怕眼下正有人拜访经理。

    have guests/visitors/company :

    I don't want the children fooling around when I have guests. 有来客时，我不愿意孩子们在周围胡闹。

     Synonyms and related words
    Entertaining guests: ask, catering, disinvite...
  12. 12

    have

    or

    have got

    [T] [never progressive] used for saying that there is an idea, a belief, or a feeling in your mind 有(某种想法、信仰或感觉)

    I don't have any doubt at all about the success of our policies. 我对我们政策的成功没有任何怀疑。

    Do you ever have a feeling that you're being watched? 你有没有被人监视着的感觉？

    have an idea/plan/suggestion etc :

    Has anyone got a better idea? 有人有更好的主意吗?

     Synonyms and related words
    To have an opinion or opinions: think, believe in, say...
  13. 13
    [T] [never passive] to make something happen 产生；造成
    have an effect/result/influence/impact :

    Hutton's book had a major impact on public opinion in this country. 赫顿的书对该国的舆论产生了重大影响。

    Any increase in the rate of inflation could have a serious effect on levels of unemployment. 哪怕通货膨胀率有一点儿提高都可能对失业水平产生严重影响。

     Synonyms and related words
    To make something start to exist or happen: bring about, trigger, form...
    1. a.

      have

      or

      have got

      [T] [never progressive , never passive] to make someone have a particular feeling or do something in a particular way 使；让
      have someone worried/puzzled/in tears :

      His sad story almost had us in tears. 他悲惨的经历几乎让我们流下了眼泪。

      You had me worried for a moment – I thought you weren't coming. 你让我担心了一阵子，我以为你不来了。

      have someone doing something :

      We need to have everyone sitting down at the same table. 我们得让大家坐在同一张桌子边上。

       Synonyms and related words
      To make someone feel a particular emotion or strong emotions: affect, provoke, inspire...
  14. 14
    [T] [never passive] to arrange for something to be done or for someone to do something 安排（某人）做某事
    have something done :

    The place is looking much better since they had it redecorated. 自从他们请人重新装修后，这个地方看起来漂亮多了。

    The Queen had her portrait painted by Pietro Annigoni. 女王请彼得罗·安尼戈尼给她画了肖像。

    have someone do something :

    I'll have the porter bring your luggage up right away. 我会叫搬运工马上把你的行李拿上来。

     Synonyms and related words
    To make plans or arrangements: plan, arrange, organize...
  15. 15

    have

    or

    have got

    [T] [never passive] used for saying that something happens in an area, group, organization etc that affects people there (用来表示某地区、群体、组织等发生某事并对那儿的人造成影响)

    They've had snow up in Scotland. 他们苏格兰那边下了雪。

    have had enough (of something) (=not want something to happen any longer) 受够了(某事) :

    The people of Northern Ireland have had enough of violence. 北爱尔兰人民已受够了暴力行为。

    have someone doing something :

    Last year the place was so full we had people sleeping on the floor. 去年这个地方很挤，以致于我们让大家睡地板。

    Take lots of snacks or you'll have the kids complaining. 多带些点心去，不然孩子们会抱怨的。

     Synonyms and related words
    To have an effect on someone's emotions or attitudes: influence, decide, lead to...
  16. 16

    have

    or

    have got

    [T] [never progressive] used for saying that you have put something in a particular position or have arranged it in a particular way 放置；摆放

    Ralph had his back to the door, so he didn't see me come in. 拉尔夫背靠着门，所以他没看见我进来。

    She's got her hair tied up in a bun today. 今天她把头发挽成了小圆髻。

    He'd got the book open in front of him. 他把书打开放在面前。

     Synonyms and related words
    To change position: turn, spin, overturn...
  17. 17

    have

    or

    have got

    [T] [never progressive] to suffer from an illness, disease, injury, or pain 经受，遭受(疾病或伤痛)

    I've got a terrible headache. 我头疼得厉害。

    James had malaria while he was working in West Africa. 詹姆斯在西非工作时得过疟疾。

    The X-rays show that he has a broken ankle. X光片显示他的踝骨断了。

     Synonyms and related words
    To have or develop an illness or symptom: suffer, get, contract...
  18. 18

    have

    or

    have got

    receive something [T] [never progressive]
    1. a.
      to receive a letter, message, or telephone call 收到，接到(信、消息或电话)

      I had a letter from my bank manager yesterday. 昨天我收到银行经理的一封信。

      We've not had any news from home. 我们尚未收到家里的任何消息。

      You have a phone call – do you want to take it in your office? 有你的电话，你要在自己的办公室里接吗?

       Synonyms and related words
      To get something or someone: get, come by, accept...
    2. b.
      to receive help or advice 得到(帮助或建议)

      She had a lot of help and support from her friends. 她从朋友处得到了许多帮助和支持。

       Synonyms and related words
      To ask for, or to receive advice: consult, turn to, sound out...
    3. c.
      to receive complaints or criticism 收到(投诉或批评)

      The airline has had thousands of complaints about delays and cancelled flights. 该航空公司收到了许许多多关于飞机延误和取消航班的投诉。

       Synonyms and related words
      To be criticized: come under fire, take a hit, come in for...
  19. 19

    have

    or

    have got

    [I] [never progressive] used for showing that you are certain that something happens or is true, or for showing that you hope very much that it happens or is true 一定是；一定会

    Things have to get better – they can't get any worse. 情况一定会好起来，不可能再糟了。

    He's just got to come, or I'll die! 他肯定会来，如果不来我就去死!

     Synonyms and related words
    Ways of saying you are sure: surely, undoubtedly, correct me if I'm wrong...
  20. 20

    have

    or

    have got

    [T] [never progressive] to be responsible for doing a particular job or the work of an official position 有(工作或官方职务)
    have a job/position/post etc :

    He can't pay the rent because he hasn't got a job. 他无法交房租，因为他没有工作。

    Foley had a junior post in the Foreign Office. 福利在外交部担任一个小职务。

     Synonyms and related words
    To be responsible for something: answer for, accept, carry...
  21. 21

    have

    or

    have got

    [T] [never progressive] used for saying that something has been planned or arranged for a particular time 有(计划或安排)

    I've got an appointment with the dentist tomorrow afternoon. 我明天下午跟牙医有预约。

    Geoffrey's got lectures all day tomorrow. 杰弗里明天一整天都有讲座。

     Synonyms and related words
    To choose, or to change the timing of something: fix, time, schedule...
  22. 22

    have

    or

    have got

    [T] [never progressive] to be holding someone by a particular part of their body so that they cannot get away 抓住(某人身体的特定部分)
    have someone by something :

    I couldn't get away – he had me by the arm. 我跑不掉，他抓住了我的手臂。

     Synonyms and related words
    To hold something or someone: carry, hold on, hang on...
  23. 23
    [T] [never progressive] if you have someone who does a particular job, they work for you, usually in a much lower position 雇用（某人）

    We have a man who comes in and cuts the grass once a fortnight. 我们雇了个人每两星期来剪一次草。

     Synonyms and related words
    To employ someone: employ, appoint, take on...
  24. 24
    [T] [never progressive] informal to have sex with someone 与（某人）性交

    He thinks he can have any woman he wants. 他认为他可以跟任何一个他想要的女人发生性关系。

     Synonyms and related words
    To have sex: sleep with, consummate, copulate...
  25. From our crowdsourced Open Dictionary
    25
    you had me at X used for saying that someone does not need to continue trying to persuade you, because you are already convinced

    You had me at ice cream and musicals.

    This is your 'you had me at hello' moment.

    Submitted from United Kingdom on 07/07/2016
     
See also
Usage note: have
In conversation or informal writing the auxiliary use of have is often shortened. Have can be shortened to 've, has to 's, and had to 'd: 在会话或非正式文体中，have 的这种助动词用法常被简缩。have 可简缩为 ’ve, has可简缩为 ’s, had可简缩为 ’d: They've already left.他们已经离开了。 John's lost his ticket.约翰把票丢了。 I'd forgotten to tell you. 我忘了告诉你。 这些简缩形式可以后接not, 构成否定句: These short forms can be followed by ‘not' to make negative sentences: I've not seen anyone.我谁都没见着。 She'd not arrived.她还没到。
The ordinary transitive uses of have are not usually shortened, though 've and 'd forms are sometimes possible: have 的一般及物动词用法通常不简缩，不过有时’ve和’d 这类形式也是可以的: I've a sister who lives in York.我有个姐姐住在纽约。
Short forms are usually used before ‘got': 简缩形式通常用于got 前: I've got an idea.我有个主意。 Jack's got the tickets.杰克拿到了票。
Negative forms can also be shortened 否定形式也可以简缩: : have not can be shortened to haven't, has not can be shortened to hasn't, and had not can be shortened to hadn't. have not 可简缩为haven’t, has not 可简缩为hasn’t, had not 可简缩为hadn’t。
BNC: 8 COCA: 8
BNC: 8 COCA: 8
have verb
⇨ have 1 (have a car) ⇨ have 2 (have two children) ⇨ have 3 (have an accident) ⇨ have 4 (have a meeting/party) ⇨ consist of sb/sth (have 900 members) ⇨ eat (have breakfast) ⇨ produce (have a baby) ⇨ suffer from sth (have a cold) ⇨ have to do with sth ⇨ apply 2have1

verb

 have a new car/coat/job 有一辆新车；有一件新外衣；有一份新工作have an ability/two children 有能力；有两个孩子have an accident 出事故have a meeting/party/conversation 举行会议／聚会；进行谈话have ♦︎ have got ♦︎ own ♦︎ hold ♦︎ possessThese words all mean to have sth that belongs to you. 这些词均表示拥有。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to have / have got / own / possess a car / house◆to have / have got / own a company◆to have / have got / hold a driving licence / passport◆to have / have got money◆to own / hold sth legally / jointly■ have (has, had, had) [transitive, no passive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to have sth as a possession; to have sth that belongs to you 有；持有；拥有◆He had a new car and a boat.他有一辆新车和一条船。◆I don't have that much money on me.我身上没带那么多钱。◆She has a BA in English.她拥有英语学士学位。▸ the haves

noun

 [plural] ◆the division between the haves and the have-nots (= between the people who have enough money and possessions and those who don't) 富人和穷人之间的差异■ have got (has, had, had) [transitive, no passive] (especially BrE) (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to have sth 有；持有；拥有◆He's got a new job.他有了一份新工作。◆We haven't got much time, I'm afraid.恐怕我们没有很多时间。◆Have you got a belt I could borrow?你有腰带可以借给我吗？NOTE 辨析 Have or have got?There is no difference in meaning between these two verbs, but have got is not often used in American English. It is common in British English, especially in spoken and informal written language and especially in the present tense. In the past tense, a form of have is used more often than the forms had got and hadn't got. 这两个动词含义无差别，但是have got一般不用于美式英语，但常用于英式英语，尤其常见于口语和非正式书面语，特别用于现在时。过去时中，have的过去式比had got和hadn't got常用◆He had a house by the sea.他在海边有座住宅。◆He had got a house by the sea. ◆Did you have this toy when you were a child?你小时候有这样的玩具吗？◆We didn't have enough bedrooms.我们的卧室不够住。◆ (less frequent) I hadn't got a car at the time.我那时候没车。 ■ own [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to have sth that legally belongs to you, especially because you have bought it 拥有，有（尤指买来的东西）◆Do you own your house or do you rent it?你的房子是自己的，还是租的？◆I don't own anything of any value.我没有什么值钱的东西。◆Most of the apartments are privately owned.多数公寓都是私人的。◆an American-owned company一家美资公司◆Don't tell me what to do－you don't own me!别支使我－我又不是卖身给你！■ hold (held, held) [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) (rather formal) to have or own sth, especially money, shares or official documents 拥有，持有（尤指钱、股份或官方文件）◆Employees hold 30% of the shares.员工持有30%的股份。◆The company has held the advertising contract since 2005.这家公司自2005年起一直拥有这份广告合同。◆Applicants must hold a full driving licence.申请人必须持有正式驾照。ⓘ You can also hold an opinion, views, a job, position or office or a record or title. * hold可以后跟opinion、view、job、position、office、record、title等◆He holds strange views on education.他对教育的看法很不一般。◆How long has he held office?他任职多久了？◆She held the title of world champion for three years.她世界冠军的头衔保持了三年。 ■ possess [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) (formal) to have or own sth, especially sth special or valuable 有，拥有（尤指特殊或昂贵的物品）◆He was charged with possessing a shotgun without a licence.他被控无照持有猎枪。◆I'm afraid this is the only suitcase I possess.恐怕我只有这一个箱子。◆The gallery possesses a number of the artist's early works.这家美术馆藏有一些那位画家的早期作品。  see also possession ⇨ thing 3 have2

verb

 have a new car/coat/job 有一辆新车；有一件新外衣；有一份新工作have an ability/two children 有能力；有两个孩子have an accident 出事故have a meeting/party/conversation 举行会议／聚会；进行谈话have ♦︎ have got ♦︎ enjoy ♦︎ possess ♦︎ boast ♦︎ be endowed with sth ♦︎ be blessed with sb/sthThese words and expressions all mean to show a particular quality or feature. 这些词语均表示显示出某种性质或特征。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to have / have got / possess / be blessed with charm / talent / charisma◆to have / have got / possess / be endowed with intelligence◆to have / have got / possess beauty◆to have / have got / enjoy / possess / be endowed with / be blessed with an / the ability to do sth◆to have / have got / possess / be endowed with / be blessed with a talent (for sth)◆to have / have got / be blessed with a child■ have (has, had, had) [transitive, no passive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to show a quality or feature; used to show a particular relationship 显示出，带有（性质或特征）；（表示关系）有◆The ham had a smoky flavour.这火腿有一种烟熏的香味。◆The car has four-wheel drive.这部车是四轮驱动的。◆They have a lot of courage.他们胆量超人。◆Do you have a client named Peters?你们有一位名叫彼得斯的客户吗？■ have got (has, had, had) [transitive, no passive] (especially BrE) (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to have sth 显示出，带有（性质或特征）；（表示关系）有◆He's got a front tooth missing.他有一颗门牙掉了。◆Has the house got a garden?这所房子有花园吗？◆I've got three children and two cats!我有三个孩子和两只猫！NOTE 辨析 Have or have got?There is no difference in meaning between these two verbs, but have got is not often used in American English. It is common in British English, especially in spoken and informal written language and especially in the present tense. In the past tense, a form of have is used more often than the forms had got and hadn't got. 这两个动词含义无差别，但是have got一般不用于美式英语，但常用于英式英语，尤其常见于口语和非正式书面语，特别用于现在时。过去时中，have的过去式比had got和hadn't got常用◆He had got a special talent. ◆You had blond hair as a child.你小时候头发是金色的。◆The hotel didn't have a swimming pool.这家宾馆没有游泳池。◆ (less frequent) I hadn't got a clue what they were talking about.他们在说什么，我一点头绪也没有。 ■ enjoy [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) (formal) to have sth good that is an advantage to you, especially because it is sth that other people do not have 享有，享受（尤指别人没有的东西）◆People in this country enjoy a high standard of living.该国国民享有很高的生活水平。◆He has always enjoyed good health.他的身体一直很好。■ possess [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) (formal) (especially of people) to have a particular quality or feature （尤指人）具有（某种特质或特点）◆I'm afraid he doesn't possess a sense of humour.恐怕他没什么幽默感。◆He credited her with a maturity she did not possess.他认为她很成熟，其实不然。■ boast [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses or the passive 不用于进行时或被动语态) (especially written) to have sth that is impressive and that you can be proud of 有（值得自豪的东西）◆The hotel boasts two swimming pools and a golf course.酒店拥有两个游泳池和一个高尔夫球场。◆Rhodes boasts 300 days of sunshine a year.罗得岛一年有300天都是阳光灿烂的日子。◆This is a region which proudly boasts its own distinct culture.这是一个拥有独特文化的地区。ⓘ Boast is often used to advertise places, for example in information for tourists on a hotel, city, etc. * boast常用来为某地做广告宣传，如见于介绍旅馆、城市等的旅游资料中。■ be enˈdowed with sth

phrase

 (rather formal) to naturally have a particular positive ability or quality 天生赋有，生来具有（某种好的能力或品质）◆She was endowed with intelligence and wit.她天资聪颖。◆The stones are believed to be endowed with magical powers.人们认为这些石头具有神奇的力量。■ be ˈblessed with sb/sth

idiom

 (rather formal) to have sth good that brings you great happiness or pleasure 享有（福气）◆She's blessed with excellent health.她身体很好，是一种福气。◆We're blessed with five lovely grandchildren.我们很有福气，有五个可爱的孙子孙女。ⓘ Using this expression suggests that you feel that you or sb else is lucky to have sth, as if it was given to you by God or some other higher power. 这个短语表示因拥有某物感到幸运，仿佛是天赐的恩典。have3

verb

 have a new car/coat/job 有一辆新车；有一件新外衣；有一份新工作have an ability/two children 有能力；有两个孩子have an accident 出事故have a meeting/party/conversation 举行会议／聚会；进行谈话have ♦︎ suffer ♦︎ experience ♦︎ receive ♦︎ feel ♦︎ undergo ♦︎ go through sth ♦︎ take ♦︎ encounter ♦︎ run into sth ♦︎ meetThese words all mean to have a particular situation affect you or happen to you. 这些词均表示经受、经历、遇到。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to have / experience / encounter / run into / meet problems◆to have / experience / encounter / run into difficulties / trouble◆to experience / encounter / run into / meet resistance◆to receive / encounter / run into / meet opposition◆to have / suffer / experience / receive / encounter a setback◆to have / suffer / experience / receive / feel a / the shock◆to suffer / experience / undergo / go through an ordeal◆to have / experience / receive / undergo treatment◆to have / suffer / experience / receive / encounter sth directly■ have (has, had, had) [transitive] to have a particular situation affect you or happen to you 经受；经历；遇到◆I went to a few parties and had a good time.我去了几次聚会，玩得挺高兴的。◆I was having difficulty in staying awake.我正困得睁不开眼。◆She'll have an accident one day.她总有一天会出事的。ⓘ People typically have problems and difficulties, a shock, a fright, an accident and a good or bad time. * have的宾语常为problem、difficulty、shock、fright、accident、good time和bad time。■ suffer [transitive] (rather formal) to have sth unpleasant happen to you, such as injury, defeat or loss 遭受，蒙受（伤害、失败或损失等）◆He suffered a massive heart attack.他的心脏病严重发作。◆The party suffered a humiliating defeat in the general election.该党在大选中惨败。◆The company suffered huge losses in the last financial year.公司在上一财政年度出现巨额亏损。■ experience [transitive] (rather formal) to have a particular situation affect you or happen to you 经受；经历；遇到◆The country experienced a foreign currency shortage for several months.该国经历了几个月的外汇短缺。◆He had not directly experienced the fighting in the city.他没有亲历那场市内巷战。  see also experience ⇨ event noun 1 , experience ⇨ life noun 3 ■ receive [transitive] (rather formal) to get an injury or be given a particular type of treatment 受到（伤害或某种待遇）◆Several of the passengers received severe injuries.几名乘客受了重伤。◆Emergency cases will receive professional attention immediately.急诊病人将立刻得到医疗诊治。◆We received a warm welcome from our hosts.我们受到了主人的热情欢迎。NOTE 辨析 Suffer or Receive?You can suffer or receive an injury. Receive suggests less emotional attachment to the situation; suffer places more emphasis on the bad effect or pain experienced by the person. * suffer和receive都可以后接injury。receive感情色彩较淡，suffer更强调不良后果或痛苦经历。■ feel [transitive] to experience the effects or results of physical conditions or an event, often strongly 受⋯（强烈）影响；（深深）体验到◆He feels the cold a lot.他很怕冷。◆She felt her mother's death very deeply.她深感丧母之痛。◆The effects of the recession are being felt everywhere.经济衰退的影响无处不在。◆We all felt the force of his arguments.我们都体会到了他的论据的分量。■ undergo ˌʌndəˈgəʊ; NAmE ˌʌndərˈgoʊ(undergoes, underwent, undergone) [transitive] (rather formal, especially written) to have sth happen to you, especially a change or sth unpleasant 经历，经受（尤指变化或不快的事）◆Some children undergo a complete transformation when they become teenagers.有些儿童进入青少年期会完全变个样。◆My mother underwent major surgery last year.我母亲去年动了个大手术。◆The drug is currently undergoing trials in America.这种药目前正在美国进行试验。ⓘ People and things typically undergo tests and trials, medical procedures such as operations and examinations, and changes, transformation or metamorphosis. * undergo的宾语常为test和trial，还有医疗方面的operation和examination，以及change、transformation或metamorphosis。■ go through sth

phrasal verb

(goes, went, gone) (rather informal) to suffer an unpleasant experience or difficult period of time 经历，遭受（苦楚或困难）◆She's been going through a bad patch recently.她最近很不走运。◆He's amazingly cheerful considering all he's had to go through.经历了这么多磨难，他还这么乐观，真了不起。◆I went through hell in my first year at the school.我上学的第一年吃尽了苦头。ⓘ Go through sth is often used to talk about a difficult period of time such as a phase, a patch, a period or a stage. It is also used with words like hell, agony and ordeal to talk about people experiencing extremely unpleasant situations. * go through sth常指经历一个困难时期，搭配词有phase、patch、period或stage，还可与hell、agony和ordeal等词连用，指遭受很严重的艰难困苦。■ take (took, taken) [transitive] (not usually used in the progressive tenses 通常不用于进行时) to have sth happen to you, especially sth that involves you being hit or hurt 遭受，经受，承受（尤指打击或伤害）◆She's taken a nasty fall and has her leg in plaster.她重重摔了一跤，腿上打了石膏。◆The team took a terrible beating.该队遭到惨败。◆The school took the full force of the explosion.这所学校在爆炸中毁坏最严重。■ encounter [transitive] (rather formal, especially written) to experience sth, especially sth unpleasant or difficult, while you are trying to do sth else 遭遇，遇到（尤指令人不快或困难的事）◆We encountered a number of difficulties in the first week.我们在第一周遇到了一些困难。◆I had never encountered such resistance before.我以前从未遇到过这样大的阻力。■ ˈrun into sth

phrasal verb

(running, ran, run) (rather informal) to have difficulties 遇到（困难）◆Be careful not to run into debt.小心不要背上债务。◆We were worried that she may have run into trouble.我们担心她可能遇到了麻烦。ⓘ Apart from debt and bad weather, people typically run into problems, difficulties or trouble. 除了debt和bad weather外，run into还可与problem、difficulty或trouble等词搭配。■ meet (met, met) [transitive] to experience sth, often sth unpleasant 经历（常指不快的事）◆Others have met similar problems.其他人遇到过类似的问题。◆How she met her death will probably never be known.她的死因也许将永远无人知晓。ⓘ People typically meet problems, resistance or their death or fate. * meet常与problem、resistance或sb's death/fate搭配。have4

verb

 have a new car/coat/job 有一辆新车；有一件新外衣；有一份新工作have an ability/two children 有能力；有两个孩子have an accident 出事故have a meeting/party/conversation 举行会议／聚会；进行谈话have ♦︎ hold ♦︎ host ♦︎ call ♦︎ give ♦︎ convene ♦︎ throwThese words all mean to arrange for people to be together for a particular purpose. 这些词均表示组织、举办。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to have / hold / host / call / give / convene a conference◆to have / hold / call / convene a meeting◆to have / hold / host / give / throw a party◆to have / hold / host / give a dinner◆to have / hold / call an election◆to have / hold / host a competition / contest◆to have / hold a conversation / debate / discussion■ have (has, had, had) [transitive] to organize an event; to organize or take part in a discussion or conversation 组织（活动）；举办，参加（讨论或谈话）◆Let's have a party to celebrate.我们办个聚会庆祝一下吧！◆We had a very interesting discussion about climate change.我们就气候变化举办了一场非常有趣的讨论会。■ hold (held, held) [transitive, often passive] (rather formal) to organize or have an event or discussion 召开，举行，进行（活动或讨论）◆The next conference will be held in Ohio.下一次会议将在俄亥俄州举行。◆It's impossible to hold a conversation with all this noise.噪音这么大，根本没法交谈。■ host [transitive] to organize an event to which others are invited and make all the arrangements for them 主办，主持（活动）◆The President hosted a banquet in her honour.总统设宴欢迎她。◆Germany hosted the World Cup finals.德国主办了世界杯决赛阶段比赛。▸ host

noun

 [countable] ◆Ian, our host, introduced us to the other guests.主人伊恩把我们介绍给其他客人。◆The college is playing host to a group of visiting Russian scientists.学院正在接待一批来访的俄罗斯科学家。■ call [transitive] to order sth to happen; to announce that sth will happen 下令举行；宣布进行◆The principal called a staff meeting to discuss the changes.校长宣布召开教职工大会讨论这些变化。◆The drivers were going to call a strike.司机将举行罢工。■ give (gave, given) [transitive] to organize an event and invite people to it; to perform sth in public 举办，举行（活动）；表演◆The Chancellor will be giving a press conference later today.今天晚些时候校长将举行记者招待会。◆She gave a reading from her latest novel.她朗诵了她最近出版的小说中的一段。■ convene kənˈviːn [transitive] (formal) to arrange for people to come together for a formal meeting or meetings 召集，召开（大会）◆A Board of Enquiry was convened immediately after the accident.事故发生后立即成立了调查委员会。■ throw [transitive] (threw, thrown) (rather informal) to organize a party and invite people to it 举行（聚会）◆They threw a party for him on his birthday.他们在他生日那天为他办了一个生日会。◆ (informal) He always throws a big bash on Oscar night.他总是在奥斯卡之夜举办盛大的聚会。ⓘ In this meaning throw always collocates with party or bash. 表达此义时，throw总是与party或bash搭配。

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