➡ See also the entry for wrong4另见wrong条第4义illegal ♦︎ criminal ♦︎ unlawful ♦︎ unconstitutional ♦︎ illicit ♦︎ punishable ♦︎ illegitimate ♦︎ delinquent ♦︎ pirateThese words all describe people, things or activities that are not allowed, especially by law.这些词均表示不合法的、违法的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆an illegal / a criminal / an unlawful / an unconstitutional / an illicit / a delinquent act◆illegal / criminal / unlawful / illicit / delinquent activity / conduct◆illegal / criminal / unlawful / illicit possession of drugs / weapons◆an illegal / illicit substance / drug◆a criminal / a punishable offence◆criminal / unlawful violence■illegalnot allowed by the law不合法的;非法的;违法的◆Most of these jobs are done by illegal immigrants.这些工作大多由非法移民来做。◆It's illegal to drive through a red light.开车闯红灯是违法行为。ⓘ Illegal can be used either before a noun or after a linking verb. Common collocates are dumping, gambling, possession, practices, trade, transactions, exports and payments. It is most common for illegal to be used to describe an activity, but it can also be used to describe a thing or person, especially in the phrases illegal drugs/substances/organizations/immigrants. * illegal既可用在名词前,也可用在连系动词后。常见搭配词有dumping、gambling、possession、practice、trade、transaction、export和payment。illegal最常用于描述活动,但也可描述事物或人,尤用于短语illegal drugs/substances/organizations/immigrants(违禁药物/物品;非法组织/移民)。OPPlegal ⇨ legal▸illegally
adverb
◆an illegally parked car违章停放的汽车◆He entered the country illegally.他通过非法途径进入了这个国家。■criminal [usually before noun] (ratherformalorlaw法律) connected with or involving crime犯罪的;犯法的;涉及犯罪的◆It should be a criminal offence to inflict cruelty on any wild animal.虐待任何野生动物都应属犯罪。◆He had three criminal convictions and a history of violence.他有三项犯罪记录,还有过暴力行为。ⓘ Criminal is used in legal contexts, mainly to talk about acts. Common collocates of criminal are activity, acts, assault, behaviour, charges, conviction, damage, gang, negligence, offence, sexual conduct, violence and wrongdoing. * criminal用于法律语境,主要描述行为。常见搭配词有 activity、acts、assault、behaviour、charges、conviction、damage、gang、negligence、offence、sexual conduct、violence和wrongdoing。 see also crime ⇨ crime1▸criminally
adverb
◆The owners were very negligent but they were not criminally negligent(= their negligence was not a crime).这些业主严重疏忽大意,但尚未构成过失罪。■unlawful (formalorlaw法律) not allowed by the law不合法的;非法的;违法的◆The jury returned a verdict of unlawful killing.陪审团作出了非法杀人的有罪判决。ⓘ Unlawful is used in legal contexts, especially to talk about acts that would be allowed by law in a different situation. Common collocates are acts, conduct, killing, means, possession, sex, violence and wounding. * unlawful用于法律语境,尤用来描述换一种情况则可能合法的行为。常见搭配词有acts、conduct、killing、means、possession、sex、violence和wounding。OPPlawful ⇨ legal■unconstitutional ˌʌnˌkɒnstɪˈtjuːʃənl; NAmEˌʌnˌkɑːnstəˈtuːʃənlnot allowed by the constitution of a country or organization违背宪法的;违反宪章(或章程)的◆The judges declared the decision unconstitutional.法官宣布该决议违宪。ⓘ A constitution is the system or laws and basic principles that a country or organization is governed by. * constitution指国家宪法或组织章程。OPPconstitutional ⇨ legal■illicitɪˈlɪsɪt not allowed by the law不合法的;非法的;违法的◆They do not support any behaviour that involves illicit drugs.他们不支持任何涉及违禁药物的行为。ⓘ Illicit is usually used to talk about drugs, and activities connected with them. You can also talk about illicit sex, but while illegal sex is not allowed by law, illict sex is legal, but not approved of by the normal rules of society. * illicit通常用于描述药物和与药物相关的非法活动。还可以说illicit sex,指不犯法但违背社会常规的不正当性行为;illegal sex则指不合法的性行为。■punishable(of a crime) that can be punished, especially by law(罪行)可以惩罚的;(尤指)应法办的◆This is a crime punishable by / with imprisonment.这是可判监禁的罪行。◆Giving false information to the police is a punishable offence.向警方谎报情况是应受惩处的罪行。■illegitimate ˌɪləˈdʒɪtəmət (formal) not allowed by a particular set of rules or by law不符合规定的;非法的◆He has been accused of illegitimate use of company property.他被控违规使用公司财产。OPPlegitimate ⇨ legal■delinquent dɪˈlɪŋkwənt (ratherformal) (especially of young people or their behaviour) showing a tendency to commit crimes(尤指青年人或其行为)有违法倾向的◆She spent a year in an institution for delinquent teenagers.她在青少年管教所待过一年。 see also delinquency ⇨ crime1■pirate ˈpaɪrət [only before noun](of copies of books, CDs, DVDs, etc.) made and sold illegally; (of a radio station) broadcasting illegally(书、光盘等)盗版的;(电台)非法播音的◆a pirate CD / video / DVD / cassette / edition / copy / recording盗版激光唱片/录像带/数字影碟/卡式磁带/版本/复制品/录音制品◆a pirate radio station非法电台
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