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basics

noun

basics ♦︎ fundamentals ♦︎ introduction ♦︎ essentials ♦︎ practicalitiesThese are all words for the most important things, facts or knowledge that people need in a particular situation. 这些词均表示基本要素、基础知识。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆the / a basic fundamentals / introduction / essentials◆to teach / grasp the basics / fundamentals / essentials◆to learn / master the basics / fundamentals◆to understand / know / cover / concentrate on the basics / essentials■ basics [plural] the most important and necessary facts, skills or ideas from which other things develop 基本因素（或原理、原则、规律）◆I need to learn the basics of computer programming.我需要学习计算机编程的基础知识。◆Managers should get back to basics and examine the kind of products people really want.管理层应当回归根本，认真考虑人们真正需要什么样的产品。  see also basic ⇨ fundamental ■ fundamentals [plural] (rather formal, especially written) the most important rules or principles of an area of knowledge; the most important parts of sth （某一知识领域的）基本规律，根本法则；基础◆He wrote 'The Fundamentals of Modern Physics'.他撰写了《现代物理学基本原理》。◆She taught me the fundamentals of the job.她教给了我这份工作的基本知识。  see also fundamental ⇨ fundamental ■ introduction [countable] a book or programme of study for people beginning to study a subject 初级读物；入门课程◆'An Introduction to Astronomy'《天文学入门》◆It's a useful introduction to an extremely complex subject.这是对一门极复杂学科的有益入门教程。   see also introductory ⇨ first ■ essentials [plural] the most important facts or principles in an area of knowledge （某一知识领域的）要点，要素，根本法则◆We will concentrate on the essentials of English grammar.我们将重点学习英语语法基础。  see also essential ⇨ fundamental NOTE 辨析 Basics, fundamentals or essentials?In many cases you can use any of these words. However, basics are usually the most practical, concerned with how to do things that you need to do, or how things work in practice. 这三个词在许多情况下可以通用。不过，basics通常与实践最紧密相关，涉及如何操作或者事物实践中如何运转◆the basics of dinghy sailing / good nutrition / how to set it up and operate it舢板航行／获取充足营养／安装和操作的要点 Essentials are often slightly more theoretical, concerned with how things work in theory and practice. * essentials常较侧重理论方面，涉及事物在理论上和实践中如何运转◆the essentials of arithmetic / design / how we communicate using language算术／设计／使用语言交流的基本法则 Fundamentals are the most theoretical, concerned with the ideas and principles on which systems, knowledge and beliefs are based. * fundamentals是三个词中与理论最密切相关的，涉及作为制度、知识和信仰基础的观念和原则◆the fundamentals of Christian belief / microbiology / the western concept of law基督教信仰／微生物学／西方法律概念的基本原理 ■ practicalities [plural] the real facts and circumstances rather than ideas or theories 实际事物；实际情况◆It sounds like a good idea; let's look at the practicalities and work out the costs.这个主意听起来不错，咱们来看看实际运作，计算一下费用。ⓘ People usually consider, look at or discuss the practicalities of a situation. 通常说consider/look at/discuss the practicalities of sth（考虑／研究／讨论⋯的实际情况）。   see also practical ⇨ realistic 1

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