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IELTS BNC: 17 COCA: 17
on
adverb, preposition /ɒn/
On can be used in the following ways: on 有以下用法
as a preposition: 用作介词: She was lying on the floor. 她躺在地板上。 It happened on a hot summer's day. 此事发生在一个炎热的夏日。
as an adverb: 用作副词: Put your clothes on now. 现在把衣服穿上。 When the bus stopped he got on. 公共汽车停下时他上了车。
after the verb ‘to be': 用在动词to be 后: Is the central heating on? 集中供暖开着吗?
  1. 1
    touching a surface or an object
    1. a.
      touching and supported by the top surface of something 在…之上(表示接触、被支撑)

      Chad was asleep on the floor in a heap of blankets. 查德身上盖着很多毯子在地板上睡着了。

      He left a note for you on the kitchen table. 他在厨房的桌上给你留了一张条子。

      Who was the first man on the moon? 第一个登上月球的人是谁?

      Jimmy sat on a high stool with his hands on the table. 吉米坐在高凳上,双手放在桌上。

       Synonyms and related words
      Function words referring to location: about, across, after...
    2. b.
      onto a surface 到…之上

      Alanis dropped her books on the desk. 阿拉尼丝把书掉在桌上。

      We could hear the rain falling on the roof. 我们听得见雨点落在屋顶上的声音。

    3. c.
      touching, sticking to, or hanging from a surface or object 在…之上(表示接触、固定或悬挂)

      There were several interesting posters on the wall. 墙上有几张有趣的招贴画。

      He had a lot of blood on his arm. 他手臂上有许多血。

      The key is hanging on a hook in the hall. 钥匙挂在大厅里的一个挂钩上。

      Evelyn leaned over and kissed him on the cheek. 伊夫琳俯过身来在他的面颊上吻了一下。

      What kind of paper was the letter typed on? 那封信是打在哪一种纸上的?

      Can you see what's written on the blackboard? 你看得见黑板上写了些什么吗?

       Synonyms and related words
      Function words referring to location: about, across, after...
  2. 2
    used for saying the day or date when something happens 在…的时候

    He's coming home on Wednesday. 他星期三要回家来。

    My birthday is on the 27th of November. 我的生日是11月27日。

    They met on a rainy day in January. 他们在1月份的一个雨天里相识。

     Synonyms and related words
  3. 3
    used for saying which part of your body is supporting you 靠(身体的某部分)支撑

    He propped himself up on an elbow and looked me in the eye. 他用一只手肘撑起身来直视着我的眼睛。

    She gets down on her knees every night and prays for her family. 她每天晚上都要跪下为她的家人祈祷。

    Can you skate backwards on one leg? 你能单腿向后滑行吗?

  4. 4
    in a particular place
    1. a.
      in a particular area, or on a particular type of land 在…地方

      The house was built on a beautiful piece of land. 房子建在风景优美的地区。

      a school on the outskirts of Glasgow 格拉斯哥市郊的一所学校

      The princess is buried on a small island. 公主被埋葬在一个小岛上。

      Wilson spent his childhood on a farm in Ireland. 威尔逊的童年是在爱尔兰的一个农场里度过的。

       Synonyms and related words
      Function words referring to location: about, across, after...
    2. b.
      in a particular road or street 在…路上;在…街上

      Gordie's grandparents live on Crescent Drive. 戈迪的祖父母住在新月大道。

       Synonyms and related words
      Function words referring to location: about, across, after...
    3. c.
      at the side of a river or area of water 在…河边;在…水域旁

      a small village on the east coast of Scotland 苏格兰东海岸的一个小村庄

      a town on the Mississippi 密西西比河边上的一座城镇

      The hotel stands on the water's edge just outside Henley. 宾馆就座落在亨利港外面的港湾边。

       Synonyms and related words
      Function words referring to location: about, across, after...
  5. 5
    included in a list 在(名单)上

    The future of the charity will be one of the items on the agenda. 本慈善机构的未来将是议事日程上的项目之一。

    My name's not on the list of candidates – why not? 我的名字不在候选人名单上,为什么?

     Synonyms and related words
    Everything and including everything: everything, whole, all...
  6. 6
    used for saying which thing a part of your body accidentally hits or touches causing you to be hurt 在…上(撞伤)

    I cut my hand on a piece of glass from the broken window. 我的手被破窗户上的一块玻璃割伤了。

    She bumped her head really hard on the door. 她的头狠狠地撞到门上。

     Synonyms and related words
    Function words referring to location: about, across, after...
  7. 7
    used for saying that you are wearing a piece of clothing, jewellery etc, or for saying which part of your body it covers 穿着…;戴着…

    Come on, put your socks on, you'll be late for school. 快点,穿上袜子,你上学要迟到了。

    She had on a simple silk dress with a pattern of roses. 她穿着一套朴素的带有玫瑰花图案的丝绸连衣裙。

    She was wearing a ring on the third finger of her left hand. 她左手的第三个手指上戴着戒指。

    You look funny with glasses on. 你戴着眼镜看起来很滑稽。

     Synonyms and related words
  8. 8
    if your eyes are on someone or something, you are looking at them (眼睛)看着…

    Hannah fixed her grey eyes on me once again. 汉娜那双灰色的眼睛又一次凝视着我。

    He kept his eyes on the flickering flames. 他的双眼一直盯着闪烁的火苗。

  9. 9
    happening, or being broadcast
    1. a.
      being broadcast by radio or television 在(播出)中;在(上演)中

      Eastenders is on TV tonight. 今晚电视播《东伦敦人》。

      I usually listen to the news on the radio while I'm driving to work. 我通常在开车去上班的路上听新闻广播。

      What time is the football match on? 足球赛什么时候播?

       Synonyms and related words
    2. b.
      taking place or happening somewhere 在(进行)中

      There's a wedding on in the church. 教堂里在举行一场婚礼。

  10. 10
    concerning a particular subject 关于…

    I have to write a report on the Civil War for homework. 我的家庭作业是写一篇有关美国内战的报告。

    a conference on language teaching 语言教学研讨会

    Students should be offered accurate information on subjects like sex and contraception. 应该向学生提供有关性和避孕之类问题的准确信息。

     Synonyms and related words
    Concerning or about something: about, regarding, concerning...
  11. 11
    continuing
    1. a.
      used for saying that someone is continuing to do something 继续;不停地

      They talked on through the night. 他们谈了一整晚。

      Read on to find out the rest of the story. 继续读下去,看看故事其余部分在讲什么。

      I stayed on after everyone else had left. 其他所有人都离开后我还留在那儿。

      He kept on saying ‘Where are the kids?' over and over again. 他一遍又一遍不停地说“孩子们在哪儿?”

      We can't go on putting more and more taxpayers' money into these projects without giving them some results. 我们不能不断地把纳税者的钱越来越多地投到这些工程里,又拿不出什么结果来。

    2. b.
      continuing to move forwards 继续向前

      They walked on beside the river to a cafe they knew. 他们沿着河边向一家他们熟悉的咖啡馆走去。

      When I didn't know the answer, the teacher kindly moved on to the next student. 如果我不知道答案,老师便很宽容地继续问下一个学生。

  12. 12
    in or into a bus, train, plane etc 在(车或飞机)上;上(车或飞机)

    We got on the train at Bournville. 我们在布尔恩维尔上了火车。

    I'll get some work done while I'm on the plane. 乘飞机时我要把一些工作做完。

     Synonyms and related words
  13. 13
    using a particular type of machine or equipment
    1. a.
      used for saying which type of machine or equipment is used for doing something 以(机器或设备)为工具;用…做的

      Much of the work is done on computer. 大部分的工作是在计算机上完成的。

      I recorded our conversation on my tape recorder. 我用我的录音机把我们的谈话录了下来。

    2. b.
      used for saying in what form music, films, information etc are recorded (表示音乐、电影等的录制载体)

      The film was released on DVD last month. 这部电影上个月发行了DVD。

      I bought the album on tape when it first came out in 1996. 1996年这张专辑刚出来我就买了它的磁带。

  14. 14
    if a machine or piece of electrical equipment is on, it is in use or working 在使用中;开着的

    Is the heating on? I'm freezing. 暖气开着吗?我冷死了。

    She had left her light on and I went in to turn it off. 她没有关灯,我就进去把灯关掉了。

    When you turn the computer on, it goes through a procedure called booting. 当你打开计算机时,计算机就进入启动程序。

     Synonyms and related words
  15. 15
    used for saying that someone takes part in an activity in which they travel or see something 在(旅途)中;在(观光)中

    He has been going on expeditions since he was eleven years old. 他从11岁开始就一直在进行远征探险。

    I'll take you on a tour of the factory. 我将带你参观一下这家工厂。

    I met him when I was on a Mediterranean cruise. 我在乘船游地中海时与他相识。

  16. 16
    using a particular drug 在(用药)中

    She's on antibiotics for a mild eye infection. 她因轻度的眼部感染在服用抗生素。

    Some of the young people were obviously high on drugs. 显然有些年轻人因吸毒而精神亢奋。

     Synonyms and related words
    Relating to medicines and drugs: Category A, contraindication, dosage...
  17. 17
    if someone is on a team, committee etc, they are a member of it 是…的成员

    There are only three directors on the board. 董事会里只有3位董事。

    Mr Cook was strongly criticized by some of the MPs on the committee. 库克先生受到委员会中一些下院议员的严厉批评。

    I'm glad to have a player like you on our team. 我为队里能有像你这样的队员而感到高兴。

  18. 18
    formal used for saying that an event is followed immediately by another event or that the two events happen at the same time 一…就;和…同时

    On being made aware of complaints, he informed the committee. 一察觉到有怨言他就立即上报委员会。

    They exchanged a firm handshake on parting. 他们分手时紧紧地握了握手。

    Report to the reception desk on arrival. 到达后请即到接待处报到。

     Synonyms and related words
  19. 19
    using something to live or work
    1. a.
      eating or drinking only a particular type of food or drink in order to stay alive 靠…生存

      Using a cave as shelter, the two men survived on wild berries and raw fish. 以山洞为住所,这两个男人靠吃野果和生鱼活了下来。

      He lives on a diet of coffee and cigarettes. 他极度依赖咖啡和香烟。

       Synonyms and related words
    2. b.
      using a particular type of fuel or electrical power in order to operate 靠…运行
      run on something :

      Why can't they make a car that runs on water? 他们为什么不能制造出靠水力行驶的汽车呢?

      This video recorder runs on batteries. 这台录像机需使用电池。

       Synonyms and related words
      Fuel and using fuel: biofuel, biogas, biomass...
    3. c.
      used for saying how much money you have to buy the things that you need in order to live 靠(某数额的钱款)生活

      He was just managing to survive on a small student grant. 他想办法靠一小笔学生助学金维持生活。

      The 1.3 billion who live on less than £1 a day have waited far too long for these changes. 每天靠不到1英镑的钱过活的13亿人等待这些改变等得太久了。

      How to travel around Europe on £40 a day. 如何靠每天40英镑周游欧洲。

  20. 20
    used for saying who or what is affected by something (用于表示影响的对象)对…

    The rough weather had little effect on the ship. 恶劣的天气对这艘船没什么影响。

    The attacks on Walters in the newspaper have been entirely unfair. 报纸上对沃尔特斯的攻击完全是不公正的。

  21. 21
    British used for giving the phone number which you can use to talk to someone. The American word is at 拨…的号码

    Call us on 0800 0900017. 请拨打我们的电话0800 0900017。

     Synonyms and related words
  22. 22
    compared with someone or something 与…相比

    Subscriptions are down by 66,000 on last year and that is a serious situation. 与去年相比订户少了66,000个,形势很严峻。

    This would be a significant improvement on the £15 million profit figure achieved last time. 与去年1,500万英镑的利润额相比这应该是个相当大的增长。

     Synonyms and related words
    Ways of comparing things: than, relatively, whereas...
  23. 23
    spoken used for saying who will pay for something 由…支付

    Drink up! The next round's on me. 干杯!下一轮我请。

  24. 24
    used for saying that an actor or performer can be seen appearing on the stage or screen 上台;出场

    Wait! She'll be on in a couple of seconds. 等等!她马上就要出场了。

     Synonyms and related words
See also
IELTS BNC: 17 COCA: 17
IELTS BNC: 17 COCA: 17
on adv.
off and on/on and off sometimes

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