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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2749 COCA: 3659
strain
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noun /streɪn/
singularstrain
pluralstrains
  1. 1
    [C/U] pressure caused by a difficult situation 负担；压力
    a strain on something :

    This war will put a great strain on the economy. 这场战争将给经济带来沉重的负担。

    the strain of something :

    I can't take the strain of another move. 我无法承受再一次搬家带来的压力。

     Synonyms and related words
    General problems and difficulties: problem, difficulty, trouble...
    1. a.
      mental pressure or worry 精神负担；焦虑
      under strain :

      Eleanor was feeling overworked and under strain. 埃莉诺觉得自己过度劳累，压力很大。

       Synonyms and related words
      Feelings of worry and nervousness: worry, concern, stress...
    2. b.
      physical effort or pressure 作用力；压力
      under strain :

      All that lifting is putting his back under severe strain. 搬抬重物的动作使他的背部承受着极大的压力。

       Synonyms and related words
      Hard work and effort: heavy lifting, ask, work...
  2. 2
    [C/U] an injury caused by twisting or stretching a muscle too much （肌肉的）损伤，扭伤，拉伤

    a thigh strain 大腿拉伤

     Synonyms and related words
    Relating to muscles and tendons: cartilaginous, contract, motor...
  3. 3
    [C] a particular type of animal, insect, or plant （动植物的）系，品系，品种，类型
    strain of :

    a strain of human flu virus 一种人类流感病菌

     Synonyms and related words
    General animal types: adult, amphibian, animal...
     Synonyms and related words
    General types of plant: alpine, annual, bean...
  4. 4
    [C] a particular aspect of someone's character or feelings 性格倾向；性情；气质
    strain of :

    There's a strain of meanness that runs in their family. 他们一家人都有一种刻薄的倾向。

     Synonyms and related words
    Parts of a person's character: a chink in someone's armour, affectation, alter ego...
  5. 5

    strains

    [plural] literary the sound of some music 曲调；旋律
     Synonyms and related words
    Musical sounds: chord, crescendo, discord...
strain
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verb /streɪn/
present tense
I/you/we/theystrain
he/she/itstrains
present participlestraining
past tensestrained
past participlestrained
  1. 1
    [I/T] to try very hard to do something 使劲儿干，竭尽全力做（某事）
    strain to do something :

    I strained to hear what they were saying. 我费了很大劲儿才听到他们在说什么。

    strain for :

    tourists straining for a view of the tower 极力要求参观这座塔的游客们

    strain yourself :

    I could keep up with him, without straining myself. 我用不着使出全部力气就可以赶上他。

     Synonyms and related words
    To try hard to do or get something: boil the ocean, work, strive...
  2. 2
    [T] to make a relationship uncomfortable and not friendly 使（关系）紧张

    Relations between the two nations have been strained since the war. 自那场战争以来，这两个国家之间的关系一直很紧张。

     Synonyms and related words
    To cause problems between people: come between, set against, tear apart...
  3. 3
    [T] to injure yourself by twisting or stretching a muscle too much （因过度扭曲或拉伸肌肉）使（肌肉）损伤，拉伤

    I've strained a muscle in my shoulder. 我拉伤了肩膀上的一块肌肉。

    strain your back/eyes :

    Reading in poor light can strain your eyes. 在微弱的光线下看书会弄坏你的眼睛。

     Synonyms and related words
    To injure yourself or someone else: injure, harm, wound...
  4. 4
    [T] to separate a solid from a liquid by pouring it into a strainer 滤；过滤
     Synonyms and related words
    To use a tool: card, chase, chip away...
  5. 5
    [I] to pull at something very hard 用力拉
    strain at :

    The elephants strained at their ropes. 这些大象使劲拉扯系在它们身上的绳子。

     Synonyms and related words
    To move something by pulling: drag, heave, tear at...
    1. a.
      to push against something very hard 用力推
      strain against :

      Tommy was straining against the straps of his car seat. 汤米用劲绷紧他车座上的安全带。

       Synonyms and related words
      To move, or to try to move something by pushing: push, shove, heave...
See also
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2749 COCA: 3659
strain

noun¹

 1severe demand on strength, resources, etc.緊張；壓力ADJECTIVE | VERB + STRAIN | STRAIN + VERB | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤considerable, enormous, great, heavy, real, severe, terrible, tremendous相當大的壓力；沉重的壓力；可怕的壓力◇It's a real strain having to get up so early!這麼早起牀真夠受的！➤slight微小的壓力▸➤increasing不斷增大的壓力▸➤constant持續的壓力▸➤excessive, intolerable, unbearable, undue過大的壓力；難以忍受的壓力▸➤emotional, financial, mental, nervous, physical, psychological情感／經濟／思想／精神／身體／心理壓力◇The mental strain of sharing an office with Alison was starting to show.與艾利森共用一間辦公室帶來的精神壓力逐漸開始顯現。VERB + STRAIN➤be under, come under, feel, suffer, suffer from處在壓力下；感到累；遭受壓力◇Television newsreaders come under enormous strain.電視新聞播報員處於極大的壓力之下。◇After weeks of overtime, she was starting to feel the strain.加班幾個星期以後，她開始感覺到了疲勞。➤cause, create, impose, place, put引起壓力；造成壓力；強加壓力；施加壓力◇Increasing demand is placing undue strain on services.需求不斷增加對服務造成過大的壓力。➤ease, reduce舒緩／減輕壓力▸➤cope with, stand, take應付／忍受／承受壓力▸➤increase增加壓力STRAIN + VERB➤show, take its toll (on sb), tell (on sb) (BrE) 壓力顯現；壓力（對某人）造成傷害；壓力（對某人）產生影響◇After weeks of uncertainty, the strain was beginning to take its toll.幾個星期的忐忑不安之後，壓力開始讓人受不了了。PREPOSITION➤under the strain在壓力下◇The ice gave way under the strain.冰在壓力作用下坍塌了。◇He broke down under the strain of having to work twelve hours a day.他在一天工作 12 個小時的壓力下崩潰了。➤strain on對⋯的壓力◇Losing the business put a strain on their relationship.生意丟了，他們的關係變得緊張起來。PHRASES➤a bit of a strain一點兒緊張◇I found it a bit of a strain making conversation with her.和她談話我感到有點兒緊張。➤signs of strain緊張的跡象◇After three years, their marriage was beginning to show signs of strain.3 年後，他們的婚姻開始出現緊張跡象。➤stresses and strains壓力和緊張◇the stresses and strains of a long day漫長的一天的壓力和緊張➤take the strain off sb, take the strain out of sth減輕⋯的壓力◇The Internet takes the strain out of shopping.因特網減輕了購物的壓力。
strain

noun²

 2injury傷害ADJECTIVE | VERB + STRAIN ADJECTIVE➤bad嚴重的拉傷▸➤slight輕微的勞損▸➤back, eye, muscle, thigh, etc.背部勞損、眼疲勞、肌肉拉傷、大腿拉傷等VERB + STRAIN➤be suffering from, have受傷；勞損▸➤get受累◇You'll get eye strain if you don't put the light on.不開燈，你的眼睛會疲勞。➤recover from, shake off (BrE) 從拉傷中恢復過來；擺脫拉傷的痛苦◇Gerrard will play if he can shake off a slight thigh strain.如果大腿的輕微拉傷能恢復，傑拉德將會上場。
strain

noun³

 3type of virus or bacteria病毒種類；細菌種類ADJECTIVE | VERB + STRAIN | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤new新菌株▸➤mutant突變菌株▸➤virulent毒性菌株▸➤antibiotic-resistant, drug-resistant, resistant耐抗生素／耐藥性／抗藥性菌株➤bacterial, viral細菌／病毒菌株➤flu, influenza流感菌株VERB + STRAIN➤discover, identify發現／找到菌株➤analyse/analyze, examine, test分析／檢驗／測試菌株PREPOSITION➤strain of⋯的菌株◇H5N1 is a strain of avian influenza.H5N1 是一種禽流感病毒。
strain

verb¹

 1make a great effort to do sth努力ADVERB | VERB + STRAIN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADVERB➤hard非常努力◇You could see he was straining hard to understand.可以看得出，他正竭力想弄明白。➤forward努力向前◇I strained forward to get a better view.我使勁向前，想看得更清楚些。VERB + STRAIN➤have to不得不盡力PREPOSITION➤against對⋯用力◇The dogs were straining against the sled.那些狗在用力拉雪橇。➤at用力拉◇Several men were straining at a rope, trying to move the stalled vehicle.好幾個人正在用力拉一根繩子，試圖拖動拋了錨的車子。➤for使勁⋯◇Their ears strained for any slight sound.他們都在側耳傾聽任何一點兒細微的聲音。➤under (often figurative) 努力承受⋯◇The company is already straining under the weight of a $12 billion debt.這家公司已經承受着 120 億美元的高額債務了。PHRASES➤strain to hear sth, strain to see sth努力聽⋯；努力看⋯◇We had to strain to hear what was being said.我們得費很大勁兒才能聽清在說什麼。
strain

verb²

 2put a lot of pressure on sth施加壓力ADVERB | PHRASES ADVERB➤seriously, severely使極其緊張◇The dispute severely strained relations between the two countries.這場爭端使兩國關係極其緊張。PHRASES➤strain sth to breaking point, strain sth to the breaking point (NAmE) 使⋯緊張到極點◇Our public health laboratories are strained to (the) breaking point.我們的公共衞生實驗室承受着極大的壓力。➤strain sth to its limits, strain sth to the limit使⋯承受極限壓力
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2749 COCA: 3659
strain noun
⇨ pressure 1 (a strain on your finances) ⇨ weight (break under the strain)strain verb
⇨ filter (strain off excess liquid) ⇨ injure (Don't strain your eyes.)

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