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BNC: 722 COCA: 1341
principle
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noun /ˈprɪnsəp(ə)l/
singularprinciple
pluralprinciples
  1. 1
    [C] a basic belief, theory, or rule that has a major influence on the way in which something is done 原则；原理

    Excellent customer service should be our guiding principle. 提供完善的客户服务应该是我们的指导原则。

    principle of :

    It is a basic principle of English law that a person is innocent until proven guilty. 英国法律的一项基本原则是一个人在被证明有罪之前是无辜的。

    principle that :

    the principle that education should be free to everyone 人人都有权接受教育的原则

     Synonyms and related words
    Thoughts, ideas and beliefs: thought, idea, belief...
    1. a.
      [often plural] one of the major ideas or theories that a system of beliefs is based on, for example in religion or politics （宗教或政治的）主义，信条

      Marxist/Buddhist/democratic principles 马克思主义/佛教教义/民主主义

      the principles and ideals that the party stands for 该党主张的信条和理想

       Synonyms and related words
      Thoughts, ideas and beliefs: thought, idea, belief...
  2. 2
    [C] [usually plural] a basic rule or belief about what is right and morally good, that influences the way that you behave and the way that you treat other people （行为）准则，原则

    He seems to have absolutely no principles. 他好像毫无原则。

    against someone's principles :

    It was against their principles to join the armed forces. 参加武装部队有违他们的准则。

    stick to/stand by your principles :

    Bennett stuck to his principles, and refused to name the source of his information. 贝内特坚持自己的原则，拒绝说出他的消息来源者的名字。

     Synonyms and related words
    Thoughts, ideas and beliefs: thought, idea, belief...
    1. a.
      [U] morally correct behaviour 道义；正直

      a woman of principle 正直的女子

      on principle :

      We are opposed on principle to any collaboration with terrorists. 基于道德准则，我们反对和恐怖主义者进行任何合作。

      a point/matter/issue of principle :

      There are some basic issues of principle relating to the debate about abortion. 有关堕胎的辩论有一些基本的原则问题。

       Synonyms and related words
      Morally good or correct behaviour: virtue, goodness, purity...
  3. 3
    [C] a scientific theory or basic natural law that explains the way in which something works 原理

    Windmills differ in design, but all operate on exactly the same principle. 风车的设计不同，但操作原理都是完全相同的。

    Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle 海森伯测不准原理

    principle of :

    It was Darwin who first identified the ‘principle of female choice'. 是达尔文首先发现了“雌性选择规律”。

     Synonyms and related words
    Explanations and explaining: explanation, interpretation, instructions...

phrases

BNC: 722 COCA: 1341
principle

noun¹

 1basic general rule基本規則ADJECTIVE | VERB + PRINCIPLE | PRINCIPLE + VERB | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤basic, broad, central, fundamental, general, underlying基本原則；主要原則；總的原則◇the basic principles of car maintenance汽車保養的基本原則➤bedrock, cardinal, core, essential, key基本／首要／核心／根本／關鍵原則▸➤universal普遍的準則➤organizing組織原則◇His novels reject chronology as an organizing principle.他的小說放棄了以年代為序的佈局原則。➤abstract, theoretical抽象／理論原則◇She is interested in actual human relationships rather than abstract principles.她感興趣的是人與人之間實際存在的關係，而不是抽象的原則。➤constitutional, democratic, legal, market, political憲政／民主／法律／市場／政治原則➤mathematical, physical, scientific數學／物理／科學原理VERB + PRINCIPLE➤violate違反原則◇This violates every principle of good writing.這違反了優秀文章的所有原則。➤embody, embrace, illustrate, incorporate體現／接受／說明／整合原則◇The house incorporates many principles of modern environmentally aware design.這所房子採用了許多具有現代環保意識的設計原則。➤discover, establish, formulate, lay down發現／建立／制訂／規定原則▸➤apply, invoke運用／援引原則▸➤articulate, explain, outline闡明／解釋／概括原則PRINCIPLE + VERB➤apply原則應用◇This principle applies to all kinds of selling.這一原則適用於各種形式的銷售。➤underlie sth, underpin sth原理構成⋯的基礎◇the principles underlying Western philosophy構成西方哲學基礎的基本原則PREPOSITION➤in principle原則上◇I agree with you in principle, but we'll need to discuss the details.我原則上同意你的意見，但是我們需要討論一下細節問題。➤principle behind背後的原則◇She went on to explain the principles behind what she was doing.她接着解釋了自己行為背後的原則。PHRASES➤the pleasure principle, the precautionary principle, the uncertainty principle快樂／預防／不確定性原則◇Does everything we do come down to the pleasure principle?我們做的一切都符合快樂原則嗎？
principle

noun²

 2moral rule道德規範ADJECTIVE | VERB + PRINCIPLE | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤high高度的道德準則▸➤founding, guiding基本／指導性行為規範◇Freedom is the founding principle of our Republic.自由是我們共和國的基本行為準則。➤Biblical, religious《聖經》／宗教原則▸➤Christian, Islamic, etc.基督教、伊斯蘭教等的行為準則▸➤ethical, moral倫理／道德規範◇He was a man of high moral principles.他是一個道德高尚的人。VERB + PRINCIPLE➤abandon, betray, compromise放棄／背叛／有損於原則◇I refuse to compromise my principles by eating meat.我拒絕違背自己的原則開葷。➤adhere to, stick to, uphold堅持行為準則◇She sticks to the principle that everyone should be treated equally.她堅持一視同仁的準則。➤be enshrined in sth⋯受到原則的保護◇The principle of equality is enshrined in our Constitution.平等原則是我國憲法明文規定的。PREPOSITION➤against your principles違背行為準則◇Eating meat was against her principles.吃肉違背她的行為準則。➤on principle出於道德準則◇She's opposed to abortion on principle.她出於道義的原因反對墮胎。PHRASES➤a matter of principle原則問題◇They reject the proposal as a matter of principle.他們拒絕了這一提議，對他們來說這是個原則問題。➤a man/woman of principle (= person with high moral standards) 品行端正的男人／女人
BNC: 722 COCA: 1341
principle noun
⇨ principle 1 (a matter of principle) ⇨ principle 2 (the principle that…) ⇨ theory 1 (It works on a very simple principle.)principle1

noun

 a matter of principle 原则问题the principle that education should be available to all 所有人都应有权受教育的观念  ➡ See also the entries for morality and values 另见morality条和values条principle ♦︎ ethics ♦︎ ideal ♦︎ standards ♦︎ morals ♦︎ moralityThese are all words for a moral rule or strong belief that influences people's actions. 这些词均表示道德规范、道德意识。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆high principles / ideals / standards◆personal principles / ethics / standards / morality◆public ethics / morals / morality◆moral principles / ideals / standards◆religious principles / ideals / morality◆political principles / ethics / ideals / morality◆professional ethics / standards◆have (no / high etc.) principles / ideals / standards / morals◆compromise your principles / ideals / standards◆betray your principles / ideals◆a matter / question of principle / ethics / morality■ principle [countable, usually plural, uncountable] a moral rule or strong belief that influences your actions 道德原则；行为准则；规范◆I refuse to lie about it－it's against my principles.我绝不就此事说谎－那样做违背我的原则。◆Stick to your principles and tell him you won't do it.要恪守自己的原则，告诉他你是不会干的。◆He doesn't invest in the arms industry on principle.他有自己的原则，不投资军火工业。  see also unprincipled ⇨ corrupt ■ ethics ˈeθɪks [plural] moral principles that control or influence sb's actions; the degree to which sth is right or wrong according to these principles 道德准则；伦理标准；道德水平◆Their professional body is drawing up a code of ethics (= a statement of acceptable principles for a particular group).他们的专业组织正在拟订一套职业道德规范。◆He began to question the ethics of his position.他开始质疑自己的立场是否符合道德准则。ⓘ Ethics is used especially about the principles that control a particular area of activity, especially business or professional life. Collocates include professional, business and medical. * ethics尤指商业道德或职业道德，与之搭配的词有professional、business和medical。   see also ethical ⇨ good 5 , ethical ⇨ moral , ethic ⇨ values ■ ideal [countable] an idea or standard that seems perfect and worth trying to achieve or obtain 理想；看似完美的思想（或标准）◆His followers sometimes found it hard to live up to his high ideals.他的追随者有时觉得很难达到他的高标准。◆Is true love an unattainable ideal (= one that can never be achieved)?真爱是渺不可得的吗？■ standards [plural] a level of behaviour that sb considers to be morally acceptable 行为标准；道德水准◆Standards aren't what they used to be.现在的行为标准跟以前不一样了。◆We intend to uphold standards of behaviour throughout the college.我们希望维护整所大学的道德水平。■ morals [plural] standards or principles of good behaviour, especially in sexual matters （尤指性方面的）品行，道德◆He thinks that young people these days have no morals.他觉得现在的年轻人根本不讲道德。◆The play was considered an affront to public morals.人们认为这出戏有辱公德。  see also amoral ⇨ corrupt , moral ⇨ good 5 , moral ⇨ moral ■ morality məˈræləti [uncountable] a system of moral principles followed by a particular person or group of people; the degree to which sth is right or wrong according to these principles 道德规范；道德体系；道德水平◆Whatever her personal morality, she has no right to judge others.不管她的个人品行如何，她都没有权利去评判他人。◆There is a continuing debate on the morality of abortion.关于堕胎是否道德的辩论持续不休。  see also moral ⇨ good 5 , moral ⇨ moral principle2

noun

 a matter of principle 原则问题the principle that education should be available to all 所有人都应有权受教育的观念principle ♦︎ rule ♦︎ law ♦︎ tenetThese are all words for a belief about the way sb should behave and what actions they should take. 这些词均表示行事原则、行为准则。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆the principle / rule / law / tenet that ...◆a basic / fundamental principle / rule / law / tenet◆a moral principle / rule / law◆a religious principle / law◆to accept a principle / rule / tenet◆to apply a principle / rule■ principle [countable, uncountable] a belief that is accepted as a reason for acting or thinking in a particular way 观念；（行动或思想的）理由；信条◆Their policy is based on the principle that free education should be available for all children.他们的政策以所有儿童都有权享受免费教育的理念为基础。◆The order to show no mercy was contrary to the most basic principles of their religion.绝不心慈手软这一命令与他们宗教最基本的信条相背离。  see also principle ⇨ theory 1 ■ rule [countable] a statement of what you do, or are advised to do, in a particular type of situation 规矩；准则◆I've made it a rule not to talk to the press.我已立下规矩，不接受媒体采访。◆There are no hard and fast rules for planning healthy meals.在安排健康饮食方面，没有什么一定之规。◆The golden rule (= most important rule) of teaching is to remember that all children learn at different rates.做教师最重要的一条是要牢记孩子学习有快有慢。  see also rule ⇨ habit , rule ⇨ rule noun , rule ⇨ theory 1 , as a rule ⇨ usually ■ law [countable, uncountable] a rule or set of rules for good behaviour or how you should behave in a particular situation 良好行为的准则；（某场合下的）行为规范◆He frequently behaved as though moral laws did not exist.他的所作所为常常无视道德准则的存在。  see also law ⇨ rule noun , law ⇨ theory 1 ■ tenet ˈtenɪt [countable] (formal) one of the principles or beliefs that a theory or larger set of beliefs is based on 原则；信条；教义◆Underlying Leninism was the tenet that revolution was inevitable.列宁主义的根本信条是革命是不可避免的。

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