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IELTS BNC: 1495 COCA: 3492
unemployment

noun

unemployment ♦︎ redundancy ♦︎ dismissal ♦︎ sacking ♦︎ lay-off ♦︎ dischargeThese are all words for the state of not having a job, the fact of losing your job or the act of officially removing sb from their job. 这些词均表示无业、失业或解雇、开除。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆mass unemployment / redundancies / dismissals / lay-offs◆large-scale unemployment / redundancies / lay-offs◆to face unemployment / redundancy / dismissal◆to lead to / avoid unemployment / redundancies / dismissal■ unemployment [uncountable] the state of not having a job; the fact of a number of people not having a job; the number of people without a job 无业；失业；失业人数◆Thousands of young people are facing long-term unemployment.成千上万的青年正面临长期待业状况。◆It's an area of high unemployment.那是个失业率高的地区。◆Last month saw a rise in both inflation and unemployment.上个月的通胀率和失业人数均有所上升。OPP employment ⇨ work noun 2 ■ redundancy rɪˈdʌndənsi [uncountable, countable, usually plural] (BrE, rather formal) the situation when sb has to leave their job because there is no more work available for them （因劳动力过剩而造成的）裁员，解雇◆Thousands of factory workers are facing redundancy in the New Year.数千名工厂工人在新年面临下岗。◆She decided to take voluntary redundancy (= to offer to leave her job).她决定接受自愿裁退。◆The threat of compulsory redundancies still hangs over the firm.强制裁员的威胁依然笼罩着公司。◆200 workers have been issued with redundancy notices.已有200名工人收到了裁员通知。  see also make sb redundant ⇨ fire verb ■ dismissal [uncountable, countable] (rather formal or law 法律) the act of officially removing sb from their job; an example of this 解雇；开除；撤职◆He still hopes to win his claim against unfair dismissal.他仍然希望赢得遭到无理解雇的赔偿。◆The dismissals followed the resignation of the chairman.董事长辞职后紧接着就是裁员。   see also dismiss ⇨ fire verb ■ sacking [countable] (BrE, rather informal, especially journalism 尤用于新闻) an act of dismissing sb from their job, especially because they have done sth wrong （尤指因犯错导致的）解雇，炒鱿鱼◆A council chief faced calls for his sacking yesterday over allegations that he had accepted bribes.一名市政部门的主管昨日因受贿指控而被要求撤职。   see also sack ⇨ fire verb ■ ˈlay-off [countable] (rather informal, especially journalism 尤用于新闻) an act of making sb unemployed because there is no more work available for them, especially temporarily （因劳动力过剩而造成的）裁员，解雇（尤指临时性的）◆We do not want to risk further lay-offs in the factory.我们不想再在工厂里冒裁员的风险了。ⓘ You can also talk about job cuts in this context. 在这种语境下亦可用job cuts。   see also cut ⇨ reduction , lay sb off ⇨ fire verb ■ discharge ˈdɪstʃɑːdʒ; NAmE ˈdɪstʃɑːrdʒ [countable, uncountable] the act of officially allowing sb, or of telling sb, to leave their job, especially in the army 获准离开；免职；退伍◆The illness resulted in his discharge from the army.这场病导致他从部队退伍。   see also discharge ⇨ fire verb

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